JP5795430B2 - 熱伝導ガスの噴射による熱処理 - Google Patents
熱伝導ガスの噴射による熱処理 Download PDFInfo
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
−赤外線アニーリング:用いられる波長は、短い赤外線(0.76μmから2μm)、又は中くらいの赤外線(2μmから4μm);基板の(及び基板上の層の)温度は、赤外線エミッタによって放射される出力によって制御され、非常に速い上昇を受け、例えば1分未満で700℃に達することが可能である;
−ホットチャンバー内での前進によるアニーリング:基板が、場合によっては中間温度でバッファーチャンバーを介して、クールチャンバーからホットチャンバーへと進み、温度上昇は前進の速度によって制御される;
−誘導アニーリング:基板が、磁性基板ホルダー上に配され、磁場が印加され、基板ホルダー内に誘導電流が生成され、そのためジュール効果によって基板ホルダーが加熱され、基板が加熱される。
−それは、光を用いて達成される、間接的なアニーリングプロセスに関する;
−さらに、反応チャンバーの熱挙動は、基板の光学特性に依存する;
−加えて、温度上昇を制御可能であるが、急冷効果は制御可能ではない。
−前駆体:一以上の以下の元素:Cu,In,Ga,Al,だけでなく場合によってはSe,S,Zn、Sn,O、から成る、基板上の堆積物;
−還元性アニーリング:少なくとも一つの以下の構成要素:アルコール、アミン、水素(H2)を含むガスによる前駆体のアニーリング;
−反応性アニーリング:事前の還元性アニーリングを受け得る、又は受けないことがあり得る前駆体を、反応性元素と反応させることから成る結晶化反応;
−D:前駆体上に噴射されたガスの流量;
−x:基板と、前駆体上にガスを噴出するための管の口との間の距離;
−T:構成要素を加熱するためのガスの温度;
−Tr:前駆体表面でのアニーリング温度。
−排気口5からの距離が大きい程(距離xが増加すること)、到達する温度Trの減少が大きい;
−流量Dの増加(decrease)が大きい程、温度Trは速く増加し、且つ到達する温度Trが距離に依存しない、ことを観測することが可能である。
−毎秒数十℃のオーダーで、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面で温度上昇を引き起こすために高温ガスを噴出する一以上の段階と、
−実質的に一定の温度で前駆体を保持する一以上の段階と、
−毎秒数十℃のオーダーで、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面で温度減少を引き起こすために冷却ガスを噴出する一以上の段階と、を含むことが理解される。
−噴射されたガスの流量D、
−管3を出る温度、及び
−管3の開口と処理される前駆体との間の距離x。
2 電力
3 管
4 発熱体
5 排気口
6 前駆体
7 ガス回収回路
12、22 電源
14 発熱体
24 冷却素子
51 ベルトコンベアー
52 試料
53 方向
54 矢印
D 流量
R1、R2 ローラー
V1、V2 バルブ
x 距離
Claims (18)
- −制御された温度で熱伝導ガスを予熱する又は予冷する段階と、
−前駆体上に予熱された又は予冷されたガスを噴出する段階と、を含む、温度で反応する前駆体の熱処理方法であって、
−毎秒数十℃のオーダーで、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面で温度上昇を引き起こすために高温ガスを噴出する一以上の段階と、
−実質的に一定の温度で前駆体を保持する一以上の段階と、
−毎秒数十℃のオーダーで、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面で温度低下を引き起こすために冷却ガスを噴出する一以上の段階と、を含み、
前記加熱段階又は冷却段階が、前駆体のために選択された熱処理シーケンスに関して、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面に適用される温度の経時変化のためのプロファイルを定義する、あらかじめ定められた連続的なものとして、次々とやってくることを特徴とする方法。 - 熱伝導ガスの温度に加えて、前記ガスが前駆体上に噴出されたときに、ガスの流量(D)も制御される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 熱伝導ガスの温度に加えて、前駆体と、前駆体上にガスを噴射するための排気口(5)との間の距離(x)が制御される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 熱伝導ガスが、水素、アルゴン、及び窒素の内の少なくとも一つの元素を含む、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- ガスの予熱が、1000℃のオーダーでのガス温度の上昇を含む、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- ガスの噴射が、毎分数リットルのオーダーで噴出されたガスの流量に関して、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面上で毎秒数十℃のオーダーでの温度上昇を引き起こす、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 前駆体の、その表面での温度上昇が、数十秒で少なくとも400℃に達し、前駆体と前駆体上にガスを噴出するための排気口(5)との距離(x)が5センチメートル未満である、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 冷却ガスの噴射を含み、数秒で100℃のオーダーで、冷却ガスを受ける前駆体の表面の冷却を引き起こす、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 光起電力特性を有するI−III−VI2合金の薄膜を、熱処理の後で、基板上に得るために、前駆体が、元素の周期分類の、列1及び3、並びに場合によってはVIからの原子種を含む、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- I2−II−IV−VI4合金の薄膜を、熱処理の後で、基板上に得るために、前駆体が、元素の周期分類の、列I、II、及びIV、並びに場合によってはVIからの原子種を含む、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- II−IV−V合金の薄膜を、熱処理の後で、基板上に得るために、前駆体が、元素の周期分類の列II、及びIV、並びに場合によってはVからの原子種を含む、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から11の何れか一項に記載の方法を実行するための熱処理装置であって、
−ガス加熱手段(12、14)及びガス冷却手段(22、24)を含むガス分配回路(1、3)と、
−前記回路を終了する、前駆体上にガスを噴射するための噴射装置(5)と、を含むことを特徴とし、
温度で反応する所与の前駆体に関して、前記ガス分配回路及び前記噴射装置が、
−毎秒数十℃のオーダーで、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面で温度上昇を引き起こすために高温ガスを噴出する一以上の段階と、
−実質的に一定の温度で前駆体を保持する一以上の段階と、
−毎秒数十℃のオーダーで、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面で温度低下を引き起こすために冷却ガスを噴出する一以上の段階と、を実行するように構成され、
前記加熱段階又は冷却段階が、前駆体のために選択された熱処理シーケンスに関して、ガスを受ける前駆体の表面に適用される温度の経時変化のためのプロファイルを定義する、あらかじめ定められた連続的なものとして、次々とやってくることを特徴とする熱処理装置。 - 加熱手段が、抵抗器を流れる電流によって熱を解放することが可能な熱抵抗器(14)を含み、加熱手段が、抵抗器の加熱温度を調節するために、前記電流の強度を制御するためのポテンショメーター(12)をさらに含む、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 冷却装置が、ペルチェ効果モジュール及び/又は冷却回路(24)、並びにガスの冷却温度を調整するためのポテンショメーター(22)を含む、請求項12又は13に記載の装置。
- ガス分配回路が、ガスを止めるための、及び/又は噴射されたガスの流量を調節するための、少なくとも一つのバルブ(V1,V2)を含む、請求項12から14の何れか一項に記載の装置。
- 噴射装置と前駆体との間の距離(x)を調節するために、前駆体に対して、少なくとも高さにおいて、噴射装置を動かすための手段を含む、請求項12から15の何れか一項に記載の装置。
- 噴射装置から放出するガスの噴射の軸に対して垂直な方向に進むベルト(51)上で、噴射装置(3)に対して、前駆体を動かすための手段を含む、請求項12から16の何れか一項に記載の装置。
- 前駆体は、フレキシブル基板上に堆積された薄膜であり、装置は、基板が巻きかけられている二つの電動ローラー(R1、R2)をふくみ、ローラーの動きは、一つのローラーの周りで基板を巻き、他のローラーからほどき、噴射装置(3)に対して、噴射装置(3)から放出するガスの噴射の軸に対して垂直な方向に、前駆体を進める、請求項12から16の何れか一項に記載の装置。
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PCT/FR2012/050994 WO2012153046A1 (fr) | 2011-05-10 | 2012-05-03 | Traitement thermique par injection d'un gaz caloporteur. |
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US20070111367A1 (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-05-17 | Basol Bulent M | Method and apparatus for converting precursor layers into photovoltaic absorbers |
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