JP5788907B2 - 疾患の治療に使用される化合物 - Google Patents
疾患の治療に使用される化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5788907B2 JP5788907B2 JP2012550265A JP2012550265A JP5788907B2 JP 5788907 B2 JP5788907 B2 JP 5788907B2 JP 2012550265 A JP2012550265 A JP 2012550265A JP 2012550265 A JP2012550265 A JP 2012550265A JP 5788907 B2 JP5788907 B2 JP 5788907B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrazide
- epo
- pharmaceutical composition
- phenylaminoethane
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
R1は、CH2、NH、O、S又は単結合であり、
R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、互いに独立に、H、OH、F、Cl、Br、I又はC1〜C5アルキル基であり、
R7は、H、OH、NH2、NH−NH2又はCH3である。
(2) Wozel G. Hautarzt 58, 2007:347-359.
(3) Blumenthal RD. et al., Exp. Rev. Mol. Med. 3, 2001:1-12.
(4) Mitra SN, et al. Redox Rep. 5, 2000:215-224.
(5) Wang J, et al. Arch Biochem Biophys 445, 2006:256-260.
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(7) Heinecke JW. J Clin Invest. 105, 2000:1331-1332.
(8) Corry DB, et al. Immunol Res. 33, 2005:35-52.
(9) Bernardes JF, et al. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 131, 2004:69-703.
(10) Bachert C, et al. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 51, 1997:209-217.
(11) Straumann A, et al. Schweiz Med Forum 8, 2008:724-728.
(12) Akanay-Diesel S, et al. Der Hautarzt 60, 2009:278-281.
(13) Slungaard A, et al. J Exp Med. 173, 1991:117-126.
(14) Eustace JA, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol 10, 1999:2048-2055.
(15) Janeway's Immunobiology, ISBN 0-8153-4123-7, Garland Science, Taylor & Francis Group, 2008, 7th Edition: 566-583.
(16) Nielsen LP, et al. Allergy 64, 2009:733-337.
本発明に係る物質がEPOをどの程度阻害することができるか試験するために、当該物質の阻害能力を調べた。ここでは、比較可能なパラメーターとして、IC50値を測定した。ここで、IC50とは、酵素(ここではEPO)を50%阻害するのに必要な阻害剤の濃度である。この濃度は、UV/Vis分光光度測定により、290nmで、定常状態で、モノクロロジメドン(MCD)アッセイを用いて測定した。
IC50値の測定
好酸球ペルオキシダーゼは、数々の多様な酵素中間体を生成し、多数の酸化還元反応を触媒することができる。EPOの生理学的役割は、臭素又はチオシアン酸を、それぞれ次亜臭素酸又はチオシアン酸ラジカルに酸化することである(別名ハロゲン化サイクル)。阻害すべきはまさしくこの反応である。しかし、フェノール系物質の存在下では、その酵素は更に、いわゆるペルオキシダーゼサイクルも受ける。
本発明に係る物質の阻害すべき特性を測定するために、臭素化活性を調べる方法を使用した。
生理学的な臭化物酸化阻害の程度を、モノクロロジメドンを用いて、光学測定により測定した。阻害剤によるハロゲン化率(290nmの曲線の初期勾配)を、ブラインド値(阻害剤なし)と関連付け、そこから不活性化率(%単位)を決定した。これを阻害剤濃度(X軸)に対して図表化(Y軸)し、得られた曲線の双曲線適合から、各阻害剤のIC50値を決定した。
100μMのモノクロロジメドン
100mMの臭素
20nMのEPO
100μMのHOOH
0.001〜500μMの阻害剤
種々の物質群の実験において、その構造がEPO(及び相同のLPO)の触媒中心に推定上一致し、活性の阻害も生じたことから、フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド(III)、特にそれらの誘導体とそのハロゲン化誘導体の物質群が、EPOの非常に優れた選択的阻害剤であることが判明した。各誘導体、とりわけハロゲン化誘導体の例については、以下のように言う必要がある。幾つかの例に基づくならば、表2は、MPOではなく、EPO(及び相同のLPO)に対するフェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジドの選択性を示すものである。
表2:阻害活性を有し得るフェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド誘導体の例
(IC50:酵素活性が50%阻害される濃度)
更なる試験群では、一般式(I)の物質がEPOの活性をどの程度阻害できるか調べた。例として、一般式(I)中のRxがピリジン残基を表すイソニアジド(ピリジン−4−カルボヒドラジド)を使用した。実施例1と同様に試験を実施した。
本発明に係る物質のEPO阻害特性における一般式(I)のヒドラジド残基の遊離アミノ基の影響を調べるために、イソニアジドの誘導体、すなわち、N’−イソプロピルイソニコチノヒドラジド(イソプロニアジド)を調べた。ここで、驚くべきことに、イソプロニアジドが500μM超のIC50値を有することが見出された。
実施例1の記載と同じプロトコールに従って実施した追加の試験群では、本発明に係る更なる化合物の好酸球ペルオキシダーゼ阻害能力を調べた。斯かる試験の結果及び使用した化合物については、以下の表から読み取ることができる。
本発明に係る化合物の薬理効果を示すには、動物モデルを使用できる。動物モデルを使用することで、薬理学的活性物質が各々の効果をどの程度有するのか、実験を通して立証することが可能である。
気管支喘息の発症及び進行には、幾つかの因子が関与する(1):アレルゲン、情動ストレス、身体運動、冷気、及びこれらの因子全ての組み合わせ。病態生理学的応答は極めて複雑であるが、我々の標的であるEPOへの「赤い糸」が存在する。Tヘルパー2(Th2)細胞がインターロイキン、特にIL−5の放出をもたらし、それがエオタキシンの放出を引き起こす。これにより、肺の作用部位への好酸球性顆粒球の遊走が生じる。アレルギーによるIgE濃度及び好酸球のIgE受容体の増加が、脱顆粒と、EPOの60%を伴うタンパク質放出をもたらす。EPOはハロゲン及びチオシアン酸の酸化を触媒し、高反応性の酸化物を形成させる。斯かる酸化物は、寄生体や微生物に対する防御のために放出されるが、(喘息や他の慢性疾患の場合は)組織破壊効果も有している。
18〜21gの体重を有するBalb/cマウスを1週間の順化期間、飼育した。
オボアルブミンと喘息の誘発(気道のアレルギー性炎症)とは無関係であることが知られているので、刺激はイエダニ又は植物花粉を用いておこなう。7週間にわたり、アレルゲンを毎日、経鼻的に与える。この刺激は、AHR(急性気道反応亢進)を伴った喘息症状及び気道の好酸球性炎症を直接引き起こす(Johnson et al. 2004, Am J Respir Grit Care Med 169:378-385; Johnson et al. 2008, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295:L780-L788)。
副鼻腔及び篩骨部の疾患に対する本発明による化合物の効果を、気管支喘息と同じ動物モデルを用いて測定できる。
子宮内膜症向けの薬物候補の有効性試験のための動物モデルは、十分に確立されているので、実施するのが容易である。ラット(Neto JN, Coelho TM, Aguiar GC, Carvalho LR, de Araujo AG, Girao MJ, Schor E. Experimental endometriosis reduction in rats treated with Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) extract. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010 Oct 26.)及びマウス(Lu Y, et al. Hum Reprod. 25(2010):1014-25)が一般的な試験動物である。そこでは、ヒトの子宮内膜症組織の断片を試験動物に移植する。3〜4週間の適応期間後に、本発明に係る化合物を、「単純に」試験し、そして夫々プラシーボ群又は従来の療法で治療した群と比較することができる。
心臓内膜の感染症であり、ラットモデルでよくシミュレートされている(Singh KV, et al. PLoS Pathog. 2010 Jan 8;6(1):e1000716)。
ここでは結腸細胞をマウスから採取し、更なる検査に供する(Weigmann B, et al. Nat Protoc 2(2007):2307-11.)。そこでは、ペルオキシダーゼ活性を、酵素的なMCD(モノクロロジメドン)アッセイを使用することで、又は電気泳動分離後にゲル内での能動的染色として試験できる。
マウスを用いて容易に実施できる試験。嚢胞性繊維症は感染とも関連するので、試験動物を感染させ、そして疾患惹起後に治療する(薬物候補−プラシーボ−従来品)(Wang Y, et al. Respir Res. 2010 Nov 30;11:166; Guilbault C, et al. Lab Anim. 2005 Jul;39(3):336-52)。
Claims (11)
- 前記C1〜C5アルキル基が、CH3及びCH2CH3からなる群より選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- R2がF又はHであり、R3がCl、Br又はHであり、R4がCl、F、CH3又はHであり、R5及びR6がHであり、R7がOH又はNH−NH2である、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物が、2−フルオロ−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、4−フルオロ−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、2,4−ジ−フルオロ−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、4−クロロ−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、3−クロロ−4−フルオロ−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、3−ブロモ−4−フルオロ−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、4−メチル−フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、フェニルアミノエタン−ヒドラジド、N−(2−フルオロフェニル)グリシン、及び2−[(4−クロロフェニル)アミノ]酢酸からなる群より選択される、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物が静脈内、腔内、経口、腹腔内、吸入及び局所投与形態で供される、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物が注入、錠剤、カプセル、クリーム、ゲル、エマルジョン又はパッチの形態で存在する、請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物が、体重1kg当たり0.01〜2,000mgの量で投与される、請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物が、体重1kg当たり0.1〜1,000mgの量で投与される、請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物が、体重1kg当たり0.1〜500mgの量で投与される、請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 好酸球ペルオキシダーゼの阻害のための、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の化合物の使用(但し、人間を治療するための使用を除く)。
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-
2010
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2011
- 2011-01-28 JP JP2012550265A patent/JP5788907B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-28 CA CA2788326A patent/CA2788326A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-28 MX MX2012008815A patent/MX2012008815A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-01-28 KR KR1020127022355A patent/KR20120128644A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-01-28 US US13/578,516 patent/US20130065962A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-28 AU AU2011208939A patent/AU2011208939B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-28 BR BR112012018772A patent/BR112012018772A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-28 SG SG2012056172A patent/SG182786A1/en unknown
- 2011-01-28 CN CN201510244522.0A patent/CN104958286B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-28 CN CN201180016552.6A patent/CN102858329B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-28 EP EP11704168.1A patent/EP2528595B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-01-28 WO PCT/AT2011/000050 patent/WO2011091461A1/de active Application Filing
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Also Published As
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CN104958286A (zh) | 2015-10-07 |
BR112012018772A2 (pt) | 2016-04-12 |
EP2528595A1 (de) | 2012-12-05 |
AT509045B1 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
SG182786A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
AT509045A4 (de) | 2011-06-15 |
CN102858329B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
MX2012008815A (es) | 2012-11-23 |
WO2011091461A1 (de) | 2011-08-04 |
EP2528595B1 (de) | 2015-08-05 |
AU2011208939A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
CA2788326A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
EP2965755A1 (de) | 2016-01-13 |
KR20120128644A (ko) | 2012-11-27 |
AU2011208939B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
JP2013518061A (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
US20130065962A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
CN102858329A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
CN104958286B (zh) | 2018-01-05 |
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