JP5746050B2 - 医療用具およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
医療用具およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5746050B2 JP5746050B2 JP2011546093A JP2011546093A JP5746050B2 JP 5746050 B2 JP5746050 B2 JP 5746050B2 JP 2011546093 A JP2011546093 A JP 2011546093A JP 2011546093 A JP2011546093 A JP 2011546093A JP 5746050 B2 JP5746050 B2 JP 5746050B2
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- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005001 ticlopidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=CCOP(=O)(OCC=C)OCC=C XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L29/085—Macromolecular materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/10—Materials for lubricating medical devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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Description
本発明の医療用具を構成する導電性材料は、その表面に、水膨潤性高分子材料の反応性官能基と化学結合するイオンを有する。ここで、導電性材料の種類は、上記したように水膨潤性高分子材料の反応性官能基と化学結合するイオンを有するものであれば、特に限定されず、使用する医療用具の種類によって適宜選択される。このため、導電性材料は、高分子であってもあるいは金属であってもよい。このうち、導電性高分子としては、特に制限されず、公知の医療用の導電性高分子が使用できる。例えば、導電性フィラー含有樹脂;上記樹脂に金属メッキフィルム、金属蒸着フィルムを配置したものなどが挙げられる。また、金属としては、特に制限されず、公知の医療用の金属が使用できる。導電性金属としては、例えば、ニッケル−チタン合金(Ni−Ti合金)、コバルト−クロム合金(Co−Cr合金)、SUS304、SUS316L、SUS420J2、SUS630等のステンレス、鉄、チタン、アルミニウム、スズ、亜鉛−タングステン合金、ならびに金、銀、銅、白金およびこれらの合金などが挙げられる。これらのうち、導電性材料は金属であることが好ましく、ニッケル−チタン合金またはSUS316L等のステンレスがより好ましい。
本発明の医療用具を構成する水膨潤性高分子材料は、予め架橋され(架橋構造を有し)、好ましくは複数の(より好ましくは3以上の)反応性官能基を有する水膨潤性高分子材料であり、当該反応性官能基が上記導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンと化学結合する。ここで、化学結合は、水膨潤性高分子材料の反応性官能基と導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンとの結合の生成を促すすべての化学結合を意味する。具体的には、電気化学的な結合、化学反応による結合など、いずれの形態であってもよいが、反応性官能基が上記導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンと、電気化学反応によって化学結合する(電気化学的に結合する)ことが好ましい。このような結合によると、水膨潤性高分子材料が導電性材料の表面に強固に結合(固定)でき、基材からの剥離、脱落を有効に抑制・防止できる。
次に、本発明の医療用具の製造方法は、特に制限されないが、上記したように、水膨潤性高分子材料の反応性官能基と、導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンとは、電気化学反応によって化学結合していることが好ましい。したがって、本発明は、予め架橋され、好ましくは複数の(より好ましくは3以上の)反応性官能基を有する水膨潤性高分子材料を溶解した溶液に導電性材料と電極とを浸漬し、前記導電性材料および電極のいずれか一方を陽極、他方を陰極とし、両極間に電圧を加えることにより、前記導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンと前記反応性官能基とを化学反応(電気化学反応)させることを特徴とする医療用具の製造方法をも提供する。
300mLのビーカーに、流動パラフィン 150g及びセスキオレイン酸ソルビタン 19.0gを添加し、マグネティックスターラーで攪拌し、逆相懸濁重合用の連続相を調製した。この連続相に窒素気流を30分間通して、溶存酸素の除去を行った。別途、50mL容量の褐色ガラス瓶に、アクリルアミド 3.8g、アクリル酸ナトリウム 2.2g、N,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミド 0.013g及び塩化ナトリウム 5.4gを秤量し、蒸留水19.9gを添加した後、マグネティックスターラーで攪拌、溶解して、モノマー水溶液を調製した。過硫酸アンモニウム 0.27gを2.0gの蒸留水に溶解したものを、上記で調製したモノマー水溶液に添加した後、上記で調製した連続相に全量を加えた。この混合物を500rpmの回転数で攪拌して、モノマー溶液を連続相中に分散させた。30分間攪拌した後40℃まで昇温し、N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルエチレンジアミン 500μLを添加した。さらに攪拌を1時間継続した後、ビーカー内容物を3Lのビーカーに移した。ジメチルスルホキシド 1Lを加え、5分間攪拌した後、吸引ろ過を行い、粉状物をろ紙上に回収した。ろ紙上の粉状物をヘキサン1000mLおよびエタノール1000mLでそれぞれ洗浄した後、減圧乾燥して、水膨潤性高分子材料を粉状物として得た。この際、水膨潤性高分子材料(ハイドロジェル微粒子)の回収量は、5.8gであった。この水膨潤性高分子材料をエタノールに分散させ、コールターカウンター(ベックマン・コールター株式会社製、品番:LS−230)にて粒子径を測定したところ、得られた水膨潤性高分子材料の平均粒子径(直径)は5μmであった。
逆浸透膜濾過水(RO水)に、上記製造例1で製造された平均粒径5μmの水膨潤性高分子材料を9重量%および塩化ナトリウムを2.25重量%で、それぞれ、添加、溶解して、水溶液を調製した。この水溶液8gを撹拌子を用いてよく撹拌し、ゲル状の溶液Aを調製した。
内径5mm、高さ5cmの円柱状ガラス容器に、上記製造例1で製造された平均粒径5μmの水膨潤性高分子材料 6重量%、塩化ナトリウム 1.5重量%の水溶液を3.5mL入れ、直径0.3mm、長さ6cmのNi−Tiワイヤー2本を電極とし、互いが接触しないように溶液中に5cm浸漬させた。この両極に、25℃で、4.5Vの電圧を2秒間印加して、水膨潤性高分子材料の電離により生じるカルボキシラート(−COO−)を陽極のNi−Ti表面に電気化学反応により固定(電着)させた。その後、このNi−Tiワイヤーを水で洗い流し、60℃のオーブンで5分以上乾燥して、厚みが5μmの水膨潤性高分子材料被膜が形成(固定)されたNi−Tiワイヤーを製造した。
陽極としてディスク状のSUS316L板(直径15mm)、陰極として太さ0.7mmの金属針(材質:SUS316L)を用いた。このディスク状の板を、上記製造例1で製造された平均粒径5μmの水膨潤性高分子材料 6重量%、塩化ナトリウム 1.5重量%の水溶液中に浸漬させ、さらにこの水溶液中に陰極を浸漬させて、ディスク状の板の中心軸上に設置した。この両極に、25℃で、4.5Vの電圧を2秒間印加して、水膨潤性高分子材料の電離により生じるカルボキシラート(−COO−)を陽極であるディスク表面に電気化学反応により固定(電着)させた。その後、このディスクを水で洗い流し、60℃のオーブンで5分以上乾燥して、厚みが5μmの水膨潤性高分子材料被膜が形成(固定)されたディスクを製造した。
US 2009/0124984 A1の実施例1と同様の実験を以下のようにして行なった。すなわち、内径5mm、高さ5cmの円柱状ガラス容器に、ポリエチレングリコールジアミン(PEGジアミン:2HNCH2CH2CH2−(OCH2CH2)n−O−CH2CH2CH2NH2:MW=10,000)(SUNBRIGHT(登録商標) DE−100PA、日油株式会社製) 12重量%、塩化ナトリウム 3重量%の水溶液3.5mLを入れ、直径0.3mm、長さ6cmのNi−Tiワイヤー2本を電極とし、互いが接触しないように溶液中に5cm浸漬させた。この両極に、25℃で、4.5Vの電圧を3分間印加して、プロトンが付加したPEGの末端アミノ基(アンモニウム基)が陰極表面に集積し、プロトンが水素に還元され、アミノ基が自由電子と共有結合することで、Ni−Tiワイヤー表面にPEGジアミンを固定(電着)させた。次に、このワイヤーを60℃のオーブンで5分以上乾燥させた。
実施例2及び比較例1と同じ材質のNi−Tiワイヤー試験片(直径0.3mm、長さ6cm)で何も被覆していないものを準備した。
陰極としてディスク状のSUS316L板(直径15mm)、陰極として太さ0.7mmの金属針(材質:SUS316L)を用いた。このディスク状の板を、ポリエチレングリコールジアミン(PEGジアミン)(SUNBRIGHT DE−100PA、日油株式会社製) 12重量%、塩化ナトリウム 3重量%の水溶液中に浸漬させ、さらにこの水溶液中に陰極を浸漬させて、ディスク状の板の中心軸上に設置した。この両極に、25℃で、4.5Vの電圧を3分間印加して、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)の末端アミノ基のカチオンを陰極であるディスク表面に電気化学反応により固定(電着)させた。その後、このディスクを水で洗い流し、60℃のオーブンで5分以上乾燥した。
実施例2、比較例1及び比較例2で作製したニッケルチタン製ワイヤー(Ni−Tiワイヤー)について、以下のようにして被膜の潤滑性及びその耐久性を評価した。すなわち、実施例2、比較例1及び比較例2で作製したNi−Tiワイヤーの試験片2cmを、シリコーンゴムシートの表面に置き、これら全体を水中に水平に入れた後、該ゴムシートを傾斜させて、前記ガイドワイヤの試験片が滑り落ちるときの傾斜角度(θ)の正接(tanθ)を、静止摩擦係数として測定し、潤滑性を評価した。さらに傾斜操作を10回繰り返し、潤滑性の耐久性を評価した。静摩擦係数は、数値が小さい程、潤滑性が優れている。その結果を下記表1に示す。
実施例3及び比較例3で作製したディスク状の板について、以下のようにして被膜の接着性を濡れ性の変化を基に評価した。すなわち、実施例3及び比較例3で作製したディスク状の板の全面をRO水で濡らし、キムワイプを用いて、およそ0.01Nのずり負荷を加える工程を10回繰り返した。その後、10μlのRO水をディスク状の板に滴下し、形成される液滴の接触角を測定した。なお、実施例3及び比較例3のディスク状の板について、電着直後の接触角も併せて測定した。
Claims (9)
- 導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンと、予め架橋された反応性官能基を有する水膨潤性高分子材料の前記反応性官能基と、が化学結合してなり、
前記反応性官能基が、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、イミノ基、アミド基、イミド基、エポキシ基、イソシアネート基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、メルカプト基またはホスフィノ基である医療用具。 - 前記水膨潤性高分子材料が微粒子の形態を有する、請求項1に記載の医療用具。
- 前記水膨潤性高分子材料が、(メタ)アクリルアミド系単量体に由来する構成単位および不飽和カルボン酸に由来する構成単位を含む共重合体を、架橋剤により架橋した水膨潤性架橋高分子から形成される、請求項1または2に記載の医療用具。
- 前記イオンと前記反応性官能基とが、電気化学反応によって化学結合している、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医療用具。
- 前記導電性材料が、金属である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の医療用具。
- 前記水膨潤性高分子材料が、複数の反応性官能基を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の医療用具。
- 予め架橋された反応性官能基を有する水膨潤性高分子材料を溶解した溶液に導電性材料と電極とを浸漬し、前記導電性材料および電極のいずれか一方を陽極、他方を陰極とし、両極間に電圧を加えることにより、前記導電性材料の表面に存在するイオンと前記反応性官能基とを化学反応させ、
前記反応性官能基が、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、イミノ基、アミド基、イミド基、エポキシ基、イソシアネート基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、メルカプト基またはホスフィノ基であることを特徴とする医療用具の製造方法。 - 前記化学反応は、0.1〜10Vの電圧を1〜120秒間加えることにより行なわれる、請求項7に記載の医療用具の製造方法。
- 前記水膨潤性高分子材料は、(メタ)アクリルアミド系単量体に由来する構成単位および不飽和カルボン酸に由来する構成単位を含む共重合体を、架橋剤により架橋した水膨潤性架橋高分子から形成される、請求項7または8に記載の医療用具の製造方法。
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