JP5681730B2 - Edlc用大容量/低酸素多孔質炭素 - Google Patents
Edlc用大容量/低酸素多孔質炭素 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5681730B2 JP5681730B2 JP2012550077A JP2012550077A JP5681730B2 JP 5681730 B2 JP5681730 B2 JP 5681730B2 JP 2012550077 A JP2012550077 A JP 2012550077A JP 2012550077 A JP2012550077 A JP 2012550077A JP 5681730 B2 JP5681730 B2 JP 5681730B2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 195
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 51
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[O] Chemical compound [O].[O] QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 tetraethylammonium-tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- PJRGDKFLFAYRBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylthiophene Chemical compound C1=CSC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PJRGDKFLFAYRBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000698776 Duma Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010061711 Gliadin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910009361 YP-50F Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010050792 glutenin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011845 white flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011844 whole wheat flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/44—Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8663—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for catalytic active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/8673—Electrically conductive fillers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
小麦粉(3000g)を黒鉛るつぼに入れ、レトルト炉(CM炉モデル1216FL)内で加熱した。炉温を150℃/時間の加熱レートで室温から800℃まで上げた、800℃に2時間維持し、次いで70℃以下まで自然冷却させた。上述の加熱/冷却サイクル中、N2で炉をパージした。
実施例1にしたがって作製した3つの相異なる活性炭材料の比静電容量及び酸素含有量を測定する。初めの試料は(酸素低減処理前に得られた)実施例1の第2の炭素材料に相当する。他の2つの試料は第2の炭素材料を不活性(N2)雰囲気または還元(1%H2/N2)雰囲気内で加熱することによって得られる。
活性炭試料を、1%H2/N2中で、3つの相異なる温度で熱処理する。表2に示されるように、400℃、600℃及び800℃の熱処理後に得られた酸素含有量はそれぞれ、3.28重量%、1.53重量%及び1.06重量%である。400℃及び600℃の後活性加熱処理の結果、比静電容量は事実上変化しないままであるが、800℃の後活性加熱処理の後では静電容量が低下している。
比較のため、市販炭素材料(Kuraray YP-50F)を上述した実施例の態様で特性評価する。納入された市販炭素の酸素含有量は1.85重量%である。しかし、ボタン型セル電極に組み込むと、市販炭素についての静電容量測定値は、本開示にしたがう炭素材料について達成される静電容量値よりかなり低いことが明らかになった。重量比静電容量(Csp,m)は123F/gであり、体積比静電容量(Csp,v)は67F/cm3である。
Claims (5)
- 電気二重層キャパシタ用の活性炭材料を作製する方法において、
第1の炭素材料を形成するために天然の無リグノセルロース炭素前駆体を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
水性混合物を形成するために前記第1の炭素材料を無機化合物と混合する工程、
乾燥混合物を形成するために前記水性混合物を乾燥する工程及び前記無機化合物を前記第1の炭素材料に取り込むために前記乾燥混合物を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
第2の炭素材料を作製するために前記第1の炭素材料から前記無機化合物を除去する工程、及び
低含有酸素活性炭材料を形成するために前記第2の炭素材料を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
を含み、
前記低含有酸素活性炭材料の酸素含有量が5重量%未満であり、かつ該材料は70F/cm 3 より大きい体積比静電容量を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第2の炭素材料がフォーミングガスを含む雰囲気内で加熱されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電気二重層キャパシタ用の活性炭材料を作製する方法において、
第1の炭素材料を形成するために天然の無リグノセルロース炭素前駆体を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
第2の炭素材料を形成するために前記第1の炭素材料を活性化する工程、及び
低含有酸素活性炭材料を形成するために前記第2の炭素材料を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
を含み、前記低含有酸素活性炭材料は70F/cm 3 より大きい体積比静電容量を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法により作製した電気二重層キャパシタ用の活性炭材料であって、
0.08以下の構造秩序比(SOR)、ここで、構造秩序比(SOR)=I 60 /|I 176 −I 15 |であり、I 60 、I 176 およびI 15 はそれぞれ、60Åのd間隔、176Åのd間隔および15Åのd間隔におけるX線回折ビームの強度である、
0.1重量%より多い窒素含有量、及び
3重量%未満の酸素含有量、
を有することを特徴とする活性炭材料。 - 電気二重層キャパシタ用の活性炭材料を作製する方法において、
天然の無リグノセルロース炭素前駆体と無機化合物の水性混合物を形成する工程、
第1の炭素材料を形成するために前記水性混合物を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
第2の炭素材料を作製するために前記第1の炭素材料から前記無機化合物を除去する工程、及び
低含有酸素活性炭材料を形成するために前記第2の炭素材料を不活性雰囲気または還元雰囲気内で加熱する工程、
を含み、
前記低含有酸素活性炭材料の酸素含有量が5重量%未満であり、かつ該材料は70F/cm 3 より大きい体積比静電容量を有することを特徴とする方法。
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