JP5679048B2 - 被覆切削工具 - Google Patents
被覆切削工具 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5679048B2 JP5679048B2 JP2013511042A JP2013511042A JP5679048B2 JP 5679048 B2 JP5679048 B2 JP 5679048B2 JP 2013511042 A JP2013511042 A JP 2013511042A JP 2013511042 A JP2013511042 A JP 2013511042A JP 5679048 B2 JP5679048 B2 JP 5679048B2
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims description 116
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102220097517 rs876659265 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
- C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
- C23C28/44—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by a measurable physical property of the alternating layer or system, e.g. thickness, density, hardness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
- Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
(1)超硬合金基材と、該基材の表面に化学蒸着法によって形成された被膜とを備える被覆切削工具であって、前記被膜の平均膜厚は3〜20μmであり、該被膜は、前記基材の表面に形成された平均膜厚2〜15μmの下部膜と、該下部膜の前記基材と接する面とは反対側の表面に形成された平均膜厚1〜10μmの上部膜とから構成され、前記下部膜は、平均膜厚10〜300nmのTiN膜と平均膜厚0.1〜0.5μmのTiCN膜とを交互に積層した交互積層膜を有し、前記上部膜は酸化アルミニウム膜を有する被覆切削工具。
(2)前記上部膜が、Tiの炭化物、Tiの炭酸化物、Tiの炭窒酸化物、TiとAlとを含む炭酸化物及びTiとAlとを含む炭窒酸化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属化合物からなる中間膜を備え、該中間膜が前記下部膜に接している(1)に記載の被覆切削工具。
(3)前記交互積層膜の硬度が28GPa〜40GPaである(1)または(2)に記載の被覆切削工具。
(4)前記交互積層膜中のTiCN膜のX線回折測定のsin2Ψ法により測定した引張残留応力が400MPa以下である(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(5)前記酸化アルミニウム膜がα型酸化アルミニウム膜である(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(6)前記被覆切削工具において、前記上部膜の前記下部膜と接する面と反対側の表面の算術平均粗さRaが、0.03〜0.3μmである(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(7)前記被膜の平均膜厚が3.5〜18μmである(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(8)前記下部膜の平均膜厚が2〜13μmである(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(9)前記交互積層膜中のTiN膜の平均膜厚が10〜250nmである(1)〜(8)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(10)前記交互積層膜中のTiCN膜の平均膜厚が0.15〜0.4μmである(1)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(11)前記交互積層膜の平均膜厚が2〜15μmである(1)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(12)前記交互積層膜におけるTiN膜及びTiCN膜の積層数が4〜120層である(1)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(13)前記中間膜の平均膜厚が0.1〜2μmである(2)〜(12)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
(14)前記中間膜が、TiC、TiCO、TiCNO、TiAlCO又はTiAlCNOからなる膜である(2)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の被覆切削工具。
本発明の被覆切削工具は、超硬合金基材と、化学蒸着法によって当該超硬合金基材の表面に形成された被膜とを備える。
前記超硬合金基材は、例えば、WCおよび、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、MoもしくはWの炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物ならびにこれらの相互固溶体からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種からなる硬質相形成粉末と、Coの結合相形成粉末との混合粉末を焼結して得られる超硬合金である。
本発明の被覆切削工具を構成する被膜は化学蒸着法によって形成される。化学蒸着法によって形成すると、前記基材と被膜との密着強度を高くすることができる。これは、化学蒸着法の温度が高く、前記基材と被膜との界面で超硬合金基材成分の拡散が生じるためと考えられる。そのため前記被膜を化学蒸着法によって形成すると、物理蒸着法で形成した場合に比べて耐剥離性および耐チッピング性に優れた被覆切削工具が得られる。
前記被膜は下部膜と上部膜とから構成されるが、該下部膜は超硬合金基材の表面に化学蒸着法によって形成される。前記下部膜の平均膜厚は、2μm未満であると被覆切削工具の耐摩耗性が低下し、15μmを超えると被膜の剥離を起点としたチッピングが発生しやすくなる。そのため本発明においては、前記下部膜の平均膜厚を2〜15μmとする。
このような下部膜は、平均膜厚10〜300nmのTiN膜と平均膜厚0.1〜0.5μmのTiCN膜とを交互に積層した交互積層膜を有する。TiN膜は靭性に優れ、TiCN膜は耐摩耗性に優れるので、これらの交互積層膜を使用することで、本発明の被覆切削工具の靭性及び耐摩耗性の両方を向上させることができる。
本発明の被覆切削工具を構成する下部膜の、超硬合金基材と接する面と反対側の表面には、上部膜が形成されている。本発明の上部膜は酸化アルミニウム膜を有するので、被覆切削工具の耐クレーター摩耗性が向上する。
本発明の被覆切削工具は、上部膜を構成する層として、Tiの炭化物、Tiの炭酸化物、Tiの炭窒酸化物、TiとAlとを含む炭酸化物及びTiとAlとを含む炭窒酸化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属化合物からなる中間膜を備え、当該中間膜が上記下部膜に接していることが好ましい。
また、被覆切削工具の使用コーナーの識別を容易にするために、酸化アルミニウム膜の中間膜と接する面と反対側の表面に、Tiの炭窒化物及び窒化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種からなる表面膜を形成すると、さらに好ましい。
本発明の被覆切削工具における被膜を構成する各膜の製造方法として、例えば、以下の方法を挙げることができる。
本発明の被覆切削工具を構成する超硬合金基材の表面粗さと被膜の形成条件とを調整して、被覆切削工具の表面、より具体的には当該工具における上部膜の下部膜と接する面と反対側の表面の算術平均粗さRaを調整することができる。これにより、被覆切削工具への被削材の溶着を抑制することができる
平均粒径4.5μmのWC粉:89重量%と、平均粒径1.5μmのTiCN粉:2重量%と、平均粒径1.5μmの(Ta,Nb)C粉:2重量%と、平均粒径1.5μmのCo粉:7重量%とからなる混合粉末を焼結してWC−(Ti,W,Ta,Nb)(C,N)−Co系超硬合金を得た。
*得られた被膜において、交互積層膜中のTiN膜が超硬合金基材と接し、前記交互積層膜中のTiCN膜が中間膜と接し、該中間膜は酸化アルミニウム膜と接し、該酸化アルミニウム膜の中間膜と接する面と反対側の面に、表面膜であるTiCN膜および/またはTiN膜がこの順に積層されている。
以上の化学蒸着法で得られた被覆切削工具試料表面(上部膜の下部膜と接する面と反対側の表面)の算術平均粗さRaを、Mitutoyo製の表面性状測定機(SURFPAK−SV)を用いて測定した。
切削試験として、1試料当たり2個のサンプルを用意し、直径120mm×長さ400mmの円柱状のS53C(硬さ:HB270)を被削材として使用して、下記の切削条件で端面切削を行った。
切削速度:200m/min、
切込み:2mm、
送り:0.3mm/rev、
切削雰囲気:湿式(水溶性エマルジョン使用)、
1回の切削時間:15min、
試験回数:2回
Claims (14)
- 超硬合金基材と、該基材の表面に化学蒸着法によって形成された被膜とを備える被覆切削工具であって、
前記被膜の平均膜厚は3〜20μmであり、該被膜は、前記基材の表面に形成された平均膜厚2〜15μmの下部膜と、該下部膜の前記基材と接する面とは反対側の表面に形成された平均膜厚1〜10μmの上部膜とから構成され、
前記下部膜は、平均膜厚10〜300nmのTiN膜と平均膜厚0.1〜0.5μmのTiCN膜とを交互に積層した交互積層膜を有し、
前記上部膜は酸化アルミニウム膜を有する被覆切削工具。 - 前記上部膜が、Tiの炭化物、Tiの炭酸化物、Tiの炭窒酸化物、TiとAlとを含む炭酸化物及びTiとAlとを含む炭窒酸化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属化合物からなる中間膜を備え、
該中間膜が前記下部膜に接している請求項1に記載の被覆切削工具。 - 前記交互積層膜の硬度が28GPa〜40GPaである請求項1または2に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記交互積層膜中のTiCN膜のX線回折測定のsin2Ψ法により測定した引張残留応力が400MPa以下である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記酸化アルミニウム膜がα型酸化アルミニウム膜である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記被覆切削工具において、前記上部膜の前記下部膜と接する面と反対側の表面の算術平均粗さRaが、0.03〜0.3μmである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記被膜の平均膜厚が3.5〜18μmである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記下部膜の平均膜厚が2〜13μmである請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記交互積層膜中のTiN膜の平均膜厚が10〜250nmである請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記交互積層膜中のTiCN膜の平均膜厚が0.15〜0.4μmである請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記交互積層膜の平均膜厚が2〜15μmである請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記交互積層膜におけるTiN膜及びTiCN膜の積層数が4〜120層である請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記中間膜の平均膜厚が0.1〜2μmである請求項2に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記中間膜が、TiC、TiCO、TiCNO、TiAlCO又はTiAlCNOからなる膜である請求項2又は13に記載の被覆切削工具。
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