JP5672508B2 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5672508B2 JP5672508B2 JP2012213034A JP2012213034A JP5672508B2 JP 5672508 B2 JP5672508 B2 JP 5672508B2 JP 2012213034 A JP2012213034 A JP 2012213034A JP 2012213034 A JP2012213034 A JP 2012213034A JP 5672508 B2 JP5672508 B2 JP 5672508B2
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- Prior art keywords
- film
- forming agent
- secondary battery
- coating
- electrolyte secondary
- Prior art date
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
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- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 3
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013187 LiBOSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUZTYKVNPUJFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-J [SiH4].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+] Chemical compound [SiH4].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+] MUZTYKVNPUJFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWGJFPJRAEKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-3-methyl-8-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carbonyl]-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(c2ccc3n[nH]nc3c2)C2(CCN(CC2)C(=O)c2cnc(NCc3cccc(OC(F)(F)F)c3)nc2)C1=O YIWGJFPJRAEKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGLIVJFAKNJZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1 OGLIVJFAKNJZRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEKOFIRRDATTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,5,8-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol Chemical compound C1CC(C)(C)OC2=C1C(C)=C(O)C=C2C MEKOFIRRDATTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010943 LiFOP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010941 LiFSI Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012225 LiPFO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020808 NaBF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-ylmethyl)-1-oxa-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-2-en-8-yl]-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]methanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CC1=NOC2(C1)CCN(CC2)C(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- MRDKYAYDMCRFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OC(=O)C(O)=O MRDKYAYDMCRFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007984 tetrahydrofuranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDZWKTKXYOWZML-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;difluoro oxalate;borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].FOC(=O)C(=O)OF NDZWKTKXYOWZML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Description
前記非水電解質は、2種以上の化合物である被膜形成剤を含み、
前記電池の充放電に伴い前記負極の表面の少なくとも一部に2層以上の被膜が形成され、
前記被膜形成剤は1種以上のオキサラート錯体のリチウム塩を含み、
前記2層以上の被膜のうちの1つ以上は前記オキサラート錯体由来のオキサラート錯体由来被膜であり、前記オキサラート錯体由来被膜のうちの最も内側にある被膜αは最外層ではなく且つその膜厚はそれより外側にある被膜の膜厚以上であり、
前記被膜形成剤には、前記1種以上のオキサラート錯体のうちの前記被膜αに取り込まれた化合物よりもLUMO値が大きい化合物である高LUMO値被膜形成剤を含む。
(被膜形成剤の検討)
・試験電池の製造
試験例1−1〜1−5及び2−1〜2−8の試験電池をそれぞれ作成した。各試験電池は、表1に示す構成要素を組み合わせて作成した。試験例1−1の試験電池を例として製造方法を説明するが、他の試験電池も同様に製造した。
・サイクル試験(耐久特性評価)
各試験電池についてコンディショニングを行った後、雰囲気温度60℃で、CC−CV充電(1C、3.6V)及びCC放電(1C、2.6Vまで)を1サイクルとして90サイクル充放電を行い、1回目の充電容量(初期容量)に対する容量維持率を算出した。容量維持率は試験例1−1の容量維持率を100としたときの相対値として算出した。結果を表1に示す。この値は高い方が耐久特性に優れている。
・出力特性試験
SOCを60%としたときに、放電レート1C、2C、3C、5C、及び10Cにて放電を行ったそれぞれの場合において放電開始前から10秒経過したときの電圧の傾きを求め、それらの値より内部抵抗を測定した。測定条件は雰囲気温度25℃とした。試験例1−1の内部抵抗を100としたときの相対値として算出した。結果を表1に示す。この値は小さい方が出力特性に優れている。
・正極を構成する材料の検討
試験例1−6〜1−8として、試験例2−2、試験例2−3に相当する電池であって、正極活物質の種類を変えたものを作成した(詳しくは表2参照)。正極活物質としてはLiMn2O4(LMO)、LiNi0.5Mn0.5O(LNMO)、及び、LiFePO4(LFPO)を用いた。
Claims (7)
- リチウムイオンの吸蔵・放出が可能な正負極と、非水電解質とを有し、
前記非水電解質は、2種以上の化合物である被膜形成剤を含み、
前記電池の充放電に伴い前記負極の表面の少なくとも一部に2層以上の被膜が形成され、
前記正極は鉄を含むオリビン構造を有し、
前記被膜形成剤は1種以上のオキサラート錯体のリチウム塩を含み、
前記2層以上の被膜のうちの1つ以上は前記オキサラート錯体由来のオキサラート錯体由来被膜であり、前記オキサラート錯体由来被膜のうちの最も内側にある被膜αは最外層ではなく且つその膜厚はそれより外側にある被膜の膜厚以上であり、
前記被膜形成剤には、前記1種以上のオキサラート錯体のうちの前記被膜αに取り込まれた化合物よりもLUMO値が大きい化合物である高LUMO値被膜形成剤を含む非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記非水電解質の注液後、4.0Vを上限とする充電条件である前記電池のコンディショニング工程に伴い前記負極の表面の少なくとも一部に2層以上の被膜が形成される請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記被膜αの膜厚は5nm以上20nm以下である請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記オキサラート錯体のリチウム塩は下記一般式(1)〜(4)で表される化合物からなる群から選択される1以上の化合物である請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
中、Mはホウ素(B)、リン(P)、又はケイ素(Si)。Mがホウ素又はケイ素の場合
にはR9及びR10は存在しない。] - 前記オキサラート錯体のリチウム塩の含有量は前記非水電解質全体の質量を基準として0.3%〜1.5%である請求項1〜4のうちの何れか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記被膜形成剤は下記一般式(5)〜(24)で表される化合物からなる群から選択される1以上の化合物を含む請求項1〜5のうちの何れか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記高LUMO値被膜形成剤を構成する化合物の含有量はそれぞれ前記非水電解質全体の質量を基準として0.3%以上である請求項1〜6のうちの何れか1項に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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US14/036,370 US20140087248A1 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2013-09-25 | Nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery |
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US20170338515A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-11-23 | Nec Energy Devices, Ltd. | Lithium-ion secondary battery |
JP6565323B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2019-08-28 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 非水系二次電池 |
CN107851832B (zh) * | 2015-07-09 | 2020-06-09 | 远景Aesc日本有限公司 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
JP6748052B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-08-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池、およびリチウムイオン二次電池用容量回復剤 |
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