JP5655165B2 - 新規な有機金属化合物及びそれを用いた有機発光素子 - Google Patents
新規な有機金属化合物及びそれを用いた有機発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5655165B2 JP5655165B2 JP2013556560A JP2013556560A JP5655165B2 JP 5655165 B2 JP5655165 B2 JP 5655165B2 JP 2013556560 A JP2013556560 A JP 2013556560A JP 2013556560 A JP2013556560 A JP 2013556560A JP 5655165 B2 JP5655165 B2 JP 5655165B2
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- organometallic compound
- light emitting
- organic light
- emitting device
- formula
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- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 51
- -1 dimethylphenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical group [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
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- AZFHXIBNMPIGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one iridium Chemical compound [Ir].CC(O)=CC(C)=O.CC(O)=CC(C)=O.CC(O)=CC(C)=O AZFHXIBNMPIGOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000006582 (C5-C6) heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021638 Iridium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002795 fluorescence method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+) Chemical compound [Ir+3] MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichloroiridium Chemical compound Cl[Ir](Cl)Cl DANYXEHCMQHDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- CJMAJZWTWKOSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-(6-phenylpyridin-3-yl)germane Chemical compound N1=CC([Ge](C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 CJMAJZWTWKOSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 2
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(N1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTEAMLUWLVUBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(3-methylphenyl)-4-phenylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CC=1C=C(C=CC1)C1=C(C=CC(C1)(N)N)C1=CC=CC=C1 BTEAMLUWLVUBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Butyllithium Substances [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000327 poly(triphenylamine) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IWZZBBJTIUYDPZ-DVACKJPTSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;iridium;2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound [Ir].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 IWZZBBJTIUYDPZ-DVACKJPTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMMYHFWPAAFOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 GMMYHFWPAAFOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWMRUAODTCVEQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1CC=CC1 Chemical compound CC1CC=CC1 FWMRUAODTCVEQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPRDEIDCAUHOJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pt].N1C(C=C2N=C(C=C3NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 Chemical compound [Pt].N1C(C=C2N=C(C=C3NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 NPRDEIDCAUHOJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011692 calcium ascorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZBNZZCHSNOXOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(trimethyl)germane Chemical compound C[Ge](C)(C)Cl ZZBNZZCHSNOXOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONQMBYVVEVFYRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(triphenyl)germane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Ge](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ONQMBYVVEVFYRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical group [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium;2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound [Ir].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M picolinate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2] HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HMTHFQINMAINFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-(6-phenylpyridin-3-yl)germane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C([Ge](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=N1 HMTHFQINMAINFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
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Description
前記工程1の溶液を基板の上に落として基板を回転させた後、乾燥して基板上に薄膜を形成させる工程(工程2)とを含む有機発光素子用薄膜形成方法を提供する。
R1ないしR4中で少なくとも一つは下記化学式2で表わされる置換体で;
R1ないしR4中で下記化学式2の置換体ではない場合、互いに独立して水素、重水素、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキル、C1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルコキシ、C6−C18アリール、C3−C18シクロアルキル、C4−C18ヘテロアリールまたは5員ないし6員のヘテロシクロアルキルで、ここで、前記アルキルまたはアルコキシは非置換またはハロゲンに置換されて、前記アリール、シクロアルキル、ヘテロアリールまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは非置換またはハロゲンまたはC1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキルに置換されて、前記ヘテロアリールまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは環内のN、O及びSから選択される一つ以上の原子を含み;
R5ないしR8は互いに独立して水素、重水素、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキル、C1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルコキシ、C6−C18アリール、C3−C18シクロアルキル、C4−C18ヘテロアリールまたは5員ないし6員のヘテロシクロアルキルで、ここで、前記アルキルまたはアルコキシは非置換またはハロゲンに置換されて、前記アリール、シクロアルキル、ヘテロアリールまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは非置換またはハロゲンまたはC1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキルに置換されて、前記ヘテロアリールまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは環内のN、O及びSから選択される一つ以上の原子を含み;
L1ないしL3は互いに独立して水素、重水素、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキル、C1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルコキシ、C6−C18アリール、C3−C18シクロアルキル、C4−C18ヘテロアリールまたは5員ないし6員のヘテロシクロアルキルで、ここで、前記アルキルまたはアルコキシは非置換またはハロゲンに置換されて、前記アリール、シクロアルキル、ヘテロアリールまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは非置換またはハロゲンまたはC1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキルに置換されて、前記ヘテロアリールまたはヘテロシクロアルキルは環内のN、O及びSから選択される一つ以上の原子を含む)。
本発明による新規な有機金属化合物の製造方法は、下記のスキーム1に示したように、化学式4のフェニルピリジン化合物を化学式5のゲルマニウム含有化合物及びリチウム塩と反応させて化学式6のゲルマニウム置換体が置換されたフェニルピリジン化合物を製造する工程(工程1)と、
前記工程1で製造された化学式6の化合物とイリジウム錯化合物をグリセロールに混合して還流させて、3個の化学式6の主リガンド化合物が配位された化学式1aの有機金属化合物を製造する工程(工程2)とを含む。
また、本発明による新規な有機金属化合物の製造方法は下記スキーム2に示したように、化学式4のフェニルピリジン化合物を化学式5のゲルマニウム含有化合物及びリチウム塩と反応させて化学式6のゲルマニウム置換体が置換されたフェニルピリジン化合物を製造する工程(工程A)と、
前記工程Aで製造された化学式6の化合物を三塩化イリジウム(IrCl3)と溶媒に混合して還流温度で反応させて化学式7のジイリジウムダイマーを製造する工程(工程B)と、
前記工程Bで製造された化学式7のジイリジウムダイマー化合物と補助リガンド化合物(
前記化学式1の有機金属化合物を有機溶媒に溶解させて溶液を製造する工程(工程1)と、
前記工程1の溶液を基板の上に落として基板を回転させた後、乾燥して基板上に薄膜を形成させる工程(工程2)とを含む有機発光素子用薄膜形成方法を提供する。
2,5−ジブロモピリジン(8g、33.77mmol)、フェニルボロン酸(5.35g、43.9mmol)、テトラキストリフェニルパラジウム(0.97g、0.84mmol)を無水テトラヒドロフラン(100ml)に溶解させた。この溶液に炭酸ナトリウム(9.33g、67.54mmol)水溶液(33.7ml)を添加して、75℃で16時間反応させた。以後、減圧下で反応物を濃縮して、水(100ml)とジクロロメタン(50ml×3回)で抽出して有機層を分離した。得られた有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させて減圧濃縮した。ジクロロメタン/ヘキサン=1/1の展開液でシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーを通じて最終生成物を精製して白い固体の目的化合物(5.18g、収得率65%)を得た。
工程1:3−(トリフェニルゲルミル)−6−フェニルピリジンの製造
前記製造例1で製造された3−ブロモ−6−フェニルピリジン(0.86g、3.67mmol)を無水テトラヒドロフラン(20ml)に溶解して−78℃で撹拌した。この溶液にノルマル−ブチルリチウム(1.76ml、4.41mmol、2.5Mヘキサン溶液)を約20分にわたって一滴一滴滴下した。追加で1時間撹拌した後、トリフェニルゲルマニュウムクロライド(1.5mg,4.41mmol)を添加して常温で一晩中反応を進行した。以後、水(100ml)を加えて水層と有機層を分離した。追加でジエチルエーテル(80ml×2回)で有機層を抽出した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させて減圧濃縮した。ジエチルエーテル/ヘキサン=1/10の展開液でシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーを通じて最終生成物を精製して白い固体の目的化合物(0.52g、収得率31%)を得た。
前記工程1で製造された3−(トリフェニルゲルミル)−6−フェニルピリジン(1g、2.18mmol)とイリジウム(III)アセチルアセトネート(0.305g、0.623mmol)をグリセロール(30ml)に溶解して、230℃で25時間撹拌した。常温に冷却させた後、1Nの塩酸を加えて、沈殿物をろ過した。ろ過液を水(50ml)とジクロロメタン(40ml×3回)で抽出して有機層を分離した。得られた有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させて減圧濃縮した。ジクロロメタン/ヘキサン=1/1の展開液でシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーを通じて最終生成物を精製して黄色固体の目的化合物(0.238g、収得率24%)を得た。
工程1:3−(トリメチルゲルミル)−6−フェニルピリジンの合成
前記製造例1で製造された3−ブロモ−6−フェニルピリジン(3.48g、14.88mmol)を無水テトラヒドロフラン(50ml)に溶解して−78℃で撹拌した。この溶液にノルマル−ブチルリチウム(7.14ml、17.86mmol、2.5Mヘキサン溶液)を約20分にわたって一滴一滴滴下した。追加で1時間撹拌後、クロロトリメチルゲルマニュウム(2.19g、17.86mmol)を添加して常温で一晩中反応を進行した。以後、水(100ml)を加えて水層と有機層を分離した。追加でジエチルエーテル(80ml×2回)で有機層を抽出した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させて減圧濃縮した。ジエチルエーテル/ヘキサン=1/10の展開液でシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーを通じて最終生成物を精製して黄色液体の目的化合物(1.24g、収得率42%)を得た。
前記工程1で製造された3−(トリメチルゲルミル)−6−フェニルピリジン(2.49g、9.16mmol)とイリジウム(III)アセチルアセトネート(1.28g、2.61mmol)をグリセロール(60ml)に溶解して、230℃で25時間撹拌させた。常温に冷却させた後、1Nの塩酸を加えて、沈殿物をろ過した。ろ過液を水(50ml)とジクロロメタン(40ml×3回)で抽出して有機層を分離した。得られた有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させて減圧濃縮した。ジクロロメタン/ヘキサン=1/1の展開液でシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーを通じて最終生成物を精製して黄色固体の目的化合物(0.47g、収得率18%)を得た。
工程A:3−(トリメチルゲルミル)−6−フェニルピリジンの製造
前記実施例2の工程1と同一の方法で行なった。
前記工程Aで製造された3−(トリメチルゲルミル)−6−フェニルピリジン(1.61g、5.91mmol)とイリジウム(III)アセチルアセトネート(0.53g、1.77mmol)を2−エトキシエタノール(30ml)と水(10ml)に溶解して、125℃で12時間撹拌した。常温に冷却した後、過糧の水を加えて、沈殿物をろ過してシクロメタル化したIr(III)μ−クロロブリッジされたダイマーを得た(0.60g、収得率44%)(工程B)。
パターンされたITO基板をアセトンとイソプロパノールでそれぞれ10分ずつ超音波洗浄した後、窒素を吹き付けて乾燥させ、追加で紫外線オゾン洗浄装置で20分間乾式洗浄を進行した。このように洗浄したITO基板上にPEDOT:PSS(CLEVIOSTM P VP AI4083)を4200rpmで30秒間スピンコーティングして、120℃の真空オーブンで1時間乾燥して40nmの薄膜を形成した。PVK(Sigma-Aldrichカタログ番号368350)、TPD(Sigma-Aldrichカタログ番号443263)、PBD(Sigma-Aldrichカタログ番号B8378)及び前記実施例1で合成したIr(PhGe−ppy)3を50:10:31:9(質量比)の割合で混合して、総固形分濃度が1.3質量%になるように1,2−ジクロロエタンを添加して有機発光層組成物を準備した。このように調製した有機発光層組成物溶液を前記PEDOT:PSSがコーティングされたITO基板上に1500rpmで30秒間スピンコーティングして、55℃熱板で乾燥して80nmの薄膜を形成した。有機発光層組成物溶液のスピンコーティング及び乾燥は、すべて窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックスで進行した。PEDOT:PSS及び有機発光層組成物がコーティングされたITO基板を金属真空蒸着チャンバーに移して10−7トール真空下でフッ化セシウムとアルミニウムをそれぞれ1nmと120nm真空熱蒸着した。完成した有機発光素子をグローブボックス中でガラスカバーとエポキシシーラントで封止した後、PR−650スペクトルカラーリミッターとケースレー2400ソース測定ユニットを用いて有機発光素子の特性を評価した。
前記実施例4で有機発光層組成物溶液の成分中のIr(PhGe−ppy)3の代わりに、前記実施例2で合成したIr(MeGe−ppy)3を使用したことを除き同一の方法で有機発光素子を製作してその特性を評価した。
前記実施例4で有機発光層組成物溶液の成分中のIr(PhGe−ppy)3の代わりに、従来の有機発光体に用いるIr(ppy)3(Lumtecカタログ番号LT-E504)を使用したことを除き同一の方法で有機発光素子を製作してその特性を評価した。
前記実施例4と同一な過程でITO基板洗浄及びPEDOT:PSS膜を成膜した後、その上にポリ(トリフェニルアミン)溶液(0.12質量%、溶媒:クロロベンゼン)を1500rpmで30秒間スピンコーティングして100℃熱板で乾燥して10nmの正孔輸送層薄膜を形成した。PVK(Sigma-Aldrichカタログ番号368350)、TPD(Sigma-Aldrichカタログ番号443263)、PBD(Sigma-Aldrichカタログ番号B8378)及び前記実施例2で合成したIr(MeGe−ppy)3を73:10:10:7(質量比)の割合で混合して、総固形分濃度が0.64質量%になるように1,2−ジクロロエタンを添加して有機発光層組成物を準備した。このように調製された有機発光層組成物溶液を前記PEDOT:PSSとポリ(トリフェニルアミン)がコーティングされたITO基板上に1800rpmで30秒間スピンコーティングして、55℃の熱板で乾燥して50nmの有機発光層薄膜を形成した。正孔輸送層及び有機発光層組成物溶液のスピンコーティング及び乾燥は、すべて窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックスで進行した。このようにPEDOT:PSS、正孔輸送層及び有機発光層組成物がコーティングされたITO基板を真空蒸着チャンバーに移して、10−7トールの真空下でTPBi(1,3,5−トリ(1−フェニル−1H−ベンゾ[d]イミダゾール−2−イル)フェニル,Lumtecカタログ番号LT-E302)を57nmの真空熱蒸着して電子輸送層を形成し、その上に再び10−7トールの真空下でフッ化セシウムとアルミニウムをそれぞれ1nmと120nm真空熱蒸着した。完成した有機発光素子をグローブボックス中でガラスカバーとエポキシシーラントで封止した後、PR−650スペクトルカラーリミッターとケースレー2400ソース測定ユニットを用いて有機発光素子の特性を評価した。
図7及び図8に示したように、本発明によるゲルマニウムが置換されたIr(MeGe−ppy)3を用いて製造された多層有機発光素子は、優れた特性を示していることを確認した。
Claims (11)
- 下記の化学式1で表わされる有機金属化合物:
R1ないしR4中で少なくとも一つは下記化学式2で表わされる置換体で;
R1ないしR4中で下記化学式2の置換体ではない場合、互いに独立して水素、C 1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキル、C 6−C18アリール、C3−C18シクロアルキルで、ここで、前記アリールまたはシクロアルキルは非置換またはC 1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキルに置換されて;
R5ないしR8は互いに独立して水素、C 1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキル、C 6−C18アリール、C3−C18シクロアルキルで、ここで、前記アリールまたはシクロアルキルは非置換またはC 1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキルに置換されて;
mは、2または3である)。
L1ないしL3は互いに独立してC 1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキル、C 6−C18アリール、C3−C18シクロアルキルで、ここで、前記アリールまたはシクロアルキルは非置換またはC 1−C18直鎖または側鎖アルキルに置換されている)。 - 前記L1ないしL3は互いに独立してメチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、シクロヘキシルまたはフェニルであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の有機金属化合物。
- 前記R5ないしR8が、互いに独立して水素、メチル、フェニル、メチルフェニルまたはジメチルフェニルであることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機金属化合物。
- 前記A及びBが、それぞれ独立してN(窒素)、O(酸素)、S(硫黄)、P(リン)及びC(炭素)からなる群から選択される1種であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機金属化合物。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機金属化合物を含む有機発光素子。
- 前記有機金属化合物が、発光層のドーパント物質に用いられることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機発光素子。
- 第1電極と、
第2電極と、
前記第1電極及び第2電極の間に介在する1層以上の有機物層とからなる有機発光素子において、
前記有機物層が、請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機金属化合物を一つ以上含むことを特徴とする有機発光素子。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の有機金属化合物を有機溶媒に溶解させて溶液を調整する工程(工程1)と、
前記工程1の溶液を基板の上に落として基板を回転させた後、乾燥して基板上に薄膜を形成させる工程(工程2)とを含む有機発光素子用薄膜形成方法。
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