JP5646859B2 - 無段変速機用潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
無段変速機用潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5646859B2 JP5646859B2 JP2010032866A JP2010032866A JP5646859B2 JP 5646859 B2 JP5646859 B2 JP 5646859B2 JP 2010032866 A JP2010032866 A JP 2010032866A JP 2010032866 A JP2010032866 A JP 2010032866A JP 5646859 B2 JP5646859 B2 JP 5646859B2
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- lubricating oil
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/045—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for continuous variable transmission [CVT]
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Description
例えば、変速機の省燃費化手段の一つとして、潤滑油の低粘度化が挙げられる。変速機の中でも自動車用の無段変速機はトルクコンバータ、湿式クラッチ、歯車軸受機構、オイルポンプ、油圧制御機構などを有しており、これらに使用される潤滑油をより低粘度化することにより、攪拌抵抗および摩擦抵抗が低減され、自動車の燃費の向上が可能となる。
しかしながら、低粘度化された潤滑油は、せん断安定性が低下して焼き付きの発生や、疲労寿命の低下等の問題を生じることがあった。
そこで、特許文献1には、変速特性等を長期間維持できる潤滑油組成物として、各種添加剤を配合し、最適化したものが報告されている。しかしながら、特許文献1に記載の発明は、省燃費化を目的としたものではないため、動粘度が高く、低粘度化した際の疲労寿命は検討されていない。
また、さらなる省燃費化を目指すにあたっては、低温始動性の観点から、高温側の粘度は維持しつつ、低温側の粘度を低下させる、いわゆる高粘度指数化が望まれる。
例えば、特許文献2に開示された潤滑油組成物は、粘度指数向上剤としてポリメタクリレート(PMA)を使用し、粘度指数を向上させている。また、特許文献3および特許文献4に開示された潤滑油組成物は高粘度合成油(ポリ−α−オレフィン:PAO)を用いて粘度特性を向上させ、さらに疲労寿命の向上に有効なオレフィンコポリマー(OCP)を配合している。
(1)無段変速機用潤滑油組成物であって、(A)硫黄分が0.03質量%以下であり、100℃における動粘度が1.5mm2/s以上3mm2/s以下の、鉱油およびポリ−α−オレフィンのうち少なくともいずれか1種を組成物全量基準で45質量%以上65質量%以下と、(B)硫黄分が0.03質量%以下であり、100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上8mm2/s以下の、鉱油およびポリ−α−オレフィンのうち少なくともいずれか1種を組成物全量基準で10質量%以上20質量%以下と、(C)100℃における動粘度が30mm2/s以上400mm2/s以下のポリ−α−オレフィンを組成物全量基準で5質量%以上12質量%以下と、(D)質量平均分子量が10000以上40000以下のポリメタクリレートを組成物全量基準で8質量%以上14質量%以下とを配合してなり、前記(C)成分と前記(D)成分との合計量が19質量%以上であって、100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上6.5mm2/s以下かつ−20℃における動粘度が680mm2/s以下であることを特徴とする無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。
本発明の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物は、(A)成分として、硫黄分が0.03質量%以下であり、100℃における動粘度が1.5mm2/s以上3mm2/s以下、好ましくは1.5mm2/s以上2.5mm2/s以下の鉱油およびポリ−α−オレフィン(以下、PAOとも言う)のうち少なくともいずれか1種を45質量%以上65質量%以下配合してなる。
100℃における動粘度が1.5mm2/sを下回ると、蒸発性が高くなり、3mm2/sを超えると、粘度指数が低下する。
(A)成分中の硫黄分が0.03質量%を超えると、酸化安定性が悪くなる。
また、配合量が45質量%より少ないと完成した潤滑油組成物の粘度が上昇し、無段変速機用として使用した際、摩擦損失が増大するという不都合が生じる場合があり、好ましくない。配合量が65質量%を超えると、粘度が低下し、無段変速機用として使用した際、機械部品の摩耗が増大する恐れがあるので、好ましくない。
また、PAOとしては、例えば、1−オクテンオリゴマー、1−デセンオリゴマーなどを用いることができる。
本発明の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物は、(B)成分として、硫黄分が0.03質量%以下であり、100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上8mm2/s以下、好ましくは5.5mm2/s以上7.5mm2/s以下の鉱油およびポリ−α−オレフィンのうち少なくともいずれか1種を組成物全量基準で10質量%以上20質量%以下配合してなる。
100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/sを下回ると、粘度指数が低下し、8mm2/sを超えると、低温における粘度が上昇し好ましくない。
(B)成分中の硫黄分が0.03質量%を超えると、酸化安定性が悪くなる。
また、配合量が10質量%より少ないと、粘度が低下し、無段変速機用として使用した際、機械部品の摩耗が増大する恐れがあるので、好ましくない。配合量が20質量%を超えると、完成した潤滑油組成物の粘度が上昇し、摩擦損失が増大するという不都合が生じる場合があり、好ましくない。
本発明の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物は、(C)成分として、100℃における動粘度が30mm2/s以上400mm2/s以下のポリ−α−オレフィンを5質量%以上12質量%以下配合してなる。
100℃における動粘度が30mm2/sを下回ると、粘度指数が低下し、400mm2/sを超えると、せん断安定性が低下し好ましくない。
配合量が5質量%より少ないと、完成した潤滑油組成物の粘度が低下し、無段変速機用として使用した際、機械部品の摩耗が増大する恐れがあるので、好ましくない。配合量が12質量%を超えると、粘度が上昇し、摩擦損失が増大するという不都合が生じる場合があり、好ましくない。
本発明の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物は、(D)成分として、質量平均分子量が10000以上40000以下、好ましくは質量平均分子量が10000以上30000以下、より好ましくは質量平均分子量が15000以上30000以下のポリメタクリレート(以下、PMAとも言う)を8質量%以上14質量%以下配合してなる。
配合量は潤滑油組成物全量基準で8質量%より少ないと、潤滑油組成物の粘度が低下し、無段変速機用として用いた場合に機械部品の摩耗が増大する恐れがあり、好ましくない。配合量が12質量%を超えると、潤滑油組成物の粘度が上昇し、無段変速機用として用いた場合に摩擦損失が増大するという不都合が生じる場合がある。
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じてさらに他の添加剤、例えば、清浄剤、無灰系分散剤、摩耗防止剤、摩擦調整剤、防錆剤、金属不活性化剤、消泡剤、酸化防止剤、および着色剤等を配合してもよい。
無灰系分散剤としては、例えばコハク酸イミド類、ホウ素含有コハク酸イミド類、ベンジルアミン類、ホウ素含有ベンジルアミン類、コハク酸エステル類、脂肪酸あるいはコハク酸で代表される一価または二価のカルボン酸のアミド類などが挙げられる。無灰系分散剤の好ましい配合量は、組成物全量基準で、0.1質量%以上、20質量%以下程度である。
摩擦調整剤としては、例えば、ネオペンチルグリコールモノラウレート、トリメチロールプロパンモノラウレート、グリセリンモノオレエート(オレイン酸モノグリセライド)などの多価アルコール部分エステルなどが挙げられる。摩擦調整剤の好ましい配合量は、組成物基準で0.05質量%以上、4質量%以下程度である。
金属不活性化剤としては、例えばベンゾトリアゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール誘導体、トリアゾール、トリアゾール誘導体、イミダゾール、イミダゾール誘導体、チアジアゾールなど挙げられるが、単独もしくは2種以上を組み合わせて用いられる。金属不活性化剤の好ましい配合量は、組成物全量基準で0.01質量%以上、5質量%以下程度である。
酸化防止剤としては、ヒンダードフェノール系やアミン系のもの、あるいはアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛(ZnDTP)などが好ましく用いられる。フェノール系としては、特にビスフェノール系やエステル基含有フェノール系のものが好適である。アミン系としては、ジアルキルジフェニルアミン系やナフチルアミン系が好適である。酸化防止剤の好ましい配合量は、0.05質量%以上、7質量%以下程度である。
100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/sを下回ると無段変速機に用いた場合、機械部品の摩耗性が増大し、機械の信頼性および耐久性が低下する。100℃における動粘度が6.5mm2/sを超えると、摩擦損失が増大し、無段変速機に用いた場合、省燃費性が発揮できない。−20℃における動粘度が680mm2/sを超えると、低温域から常温域での摩擦損失が増大し、無段変速機に用いた場合、目標とする省燃費性が得られない。
表1に示す組成で無段変速機用組成物を調整し、調整した組成物の100℃および−20℃における動粘度、−40℃におけるBF粘度、せん断後粘度、ころがり4球疲労寿命を以下に示す方法で測定した。
尚、表1中に記載された成分は以下の通りである。
鉱油−1:硫黄分0.03質量%以下で100℃における動粘度が2.2mm2/s、40℃における動粘度が7.1mm2/sの鉱油
鉱油−2:硫黄分0.03質量%以下で100℃における動粘度が6.5mm2/s、40℃における動粘度が37mm2/sの鉱油
PAO−1:100℃における動粘度が1.8mm2/sのPAO
PAO−2:100℃における動粘度が3.9mm2/sのPAO
PAO−3:100℃における動粘度が9.8mm2/sのPAO
PAO−4:100℃における動粘度が100mm2/sのPAO
PMA−1:質量平均分子量20000のポリメタクリレート
PMA−2:質量平均分子量50000のポリメタクリレート
CVT油用添加剤:清浄剤(Caスルフォネート他),分散剤(コハク酸イミド他),極圧添加剤および摩耗防止剤(硫化物,リン酸化合物,硫化リン化合物,他),消泡剤,銅不活性化剤等を含むパッケージ。
JIS K2283に準拠して測定した。
〔粘度指数〕
JIS K2283に準拠して測定した。
JPI−5S−26−85に準拠して測定した。
JASO M−347に準拠した試験を30時間行い、試験前後の140℃における動粘度を測定した。
ころがり4球試験を用いて、ピッチングが発生する時間を測定した。測定条件は、SUJ−2製3/4インチのボールを使用し、荷重6.9GPa、回転数2200rpm、油温90℃である。
表1に示すように、本発明の潤滑油組成物を用いた実施例1〜4では、いずれも、市販品(比較例5)と比較して、100℃における動粘度が低く抑えられ、−20℃における動粘度が低くなっている。すなわち、低粘度であって、粘度変化の温度依存性が少なく、粘度指数が向上していると言える。また、−40℃におけるBF粘度は、軒並み市販品と比較して低く抑えられており、低温流動性が高いことがわかる。すなわち、本発明の潤滑油組成物は、低粘度かつ高粘度指数であり、かつ低温流動性が高いことから、無段変速機用として用いた場合、市販品と比較して、摩擦損失が少なく、低温始動性がよい、つまり、省燃費化できることを示している。
また、せん断後動粘度およびころがり4球疲労寿命試験においては、いずれも市販品相当の値を維持している。よって、本発明の潤滑油組成物は、低粘度かつ高粘度指数であって、せん断安定性が良好で、疲労寿命が長い。
Claims (4)
- 無段変速機用潤滑油組成物であって、
(A)硫黄分が0.03質量%以下であり、100℃における動粘度が1.5mm2/s以上3mm2/s以下の、鉱油およびポリ−α−オレフィンのうち少なくともいずれか1種を組成物全量基準で45質量%以上65質量%以下と、
(B)硫黄分が0.03質量%以下であり、100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上8mm2/s以下の、鉱油およびポリ−α−オレフィンのうち少なくともいずれか1種を組成物全量基準で10質量%以上20質量%以下と、
(C)100℃における動粘度が30mm2/s以上400mm2/s以下のポリ−α−オレフィンを組成物全量基準で5質量%以上12質量%以下と、
(D)質量平均分子量が10000以上40000以下のポリメタクリレートを組成物全量基準で8質量%以上14質量%以下とを配合してなり、
前記(C)成分と前記(D)成分との合計量が19質量%以上であって、
100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上6.5mm2/s以下かつ−20℃における動粘度が680mm2/s以下である
ことを特徴とする無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物において、
前記(A)成分の100℃における動粘度が1.5mm2/s以上2.5mm2/s以下であり、
前記(B)成分の100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上7.5mm2/s以下であり、
前記(D)成分の質量平均分子量が10000以上30000以下であって、
100℃における動粘度が5.8mm2/s以上6.5mm2/s以下である
ことを特徴とする無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項2に記載の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物であって、
前記(B)成分の100℃における動粘度が5.5mm2/s以上7.0mm2/s以下であり、
前記(D)成分の質量平均分子量が15000以上30000以下であり、
−20℃における動粘度が660mm2/s以下である
ことを特徴とする無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。 - 請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の無段変速機用潤滑油組成物において、ベルト式無段変速機に用いられる
ことを特徴とする無段変速機用潤滑油組成物。
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US13/579,636 US9725672B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2010-11-24 | Method for lubricating a continuously variable transmission, and a continuously variable transmission |
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JP5965131B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-16 | 2016-08-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP5965139B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-06 | 2016-08-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP5941530B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-28 | 2016-06-29 | Jxエネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP5897418B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-03-30 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物及びそれを用いた自動車用変速機油 |
JP6159107B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-07-05 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
US20150051129A1 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-19 | Infineum International Limited | Transmission Fluid Compositions for Improved Energy Efficiency |
JP6235864B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2017-11-22 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
CN103725385B (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-04-22 | 华南理工大学 | 一种全合成无级变速器传动液及其制备方法和应用 |
JP6693033B2 (ja) | 2015-03-31 | 2020-05-13 | 出光興産株式会社 | 電気自動車又はハイブリッド車用潤滑油組成物 |
JP6789615B2 (ja) | 2015-03-31 | 2020-11-25 | 出光興産株式会社 | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP6907461B2 (ja) | 2016-02-29 | 2021-07-21 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物、潤滑方法、及び変速機 |
JP6810657B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-30 | 2021-01-06 | シェルルブリカンツジャパン株式会社 | 自動変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
US10774287B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 | 2020-09-15 | Valvoline Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc | Traction fluid composition |
CN110699155B (zh) * | 2018-07-10 | 2022-04-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种低粘度8at自动变速箱专用油组合物 |
JP7482851B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-20 | 2024-05-14 | Eneos株式会社 | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
RS63573B1 (sr) | 2019-03-13 | 2022-10-31 | Valvoline Licensing & Intellectual Property LLC | Pogonski fluid sa poboljšanim osobinama na niskim temperaturama |
AU2021339526A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2023-01-19 | Materials Engineering and Technical Support Services Corp. | Lubricating compositions comprising a non-silicone anti-foaming agent |
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JP2001262176A (ja) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
WO2004069967A1 (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-19 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP3921178B2 (ja) | 2003-02-21 | 2007-05-30 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
WO2004074414A1 (ja) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-02 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
WO2006043709A1 (ja) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-04-27 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP2006117852A (ja) * | 2004-10-22 | 2006-05-11 | Nippon Oil Corp | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
US8535514B2 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2013-09-17 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | High viscosity metallocene catalyst PAO novel base stock lubricant blends |
JP5324748B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2013-10-23 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP5551330B2 (ja) | 2007-02-26 | 2014-07-16 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP5715321B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-09 | 2015-05-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP5638256B2 (ja) | 2010-02-09 | 2014-12-10 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
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EP2537914A4 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
CN102770516A (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
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JP2011168677A (ja) | 2011-09-01 |
EP2537914A1 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
CN102770516B (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
US20120316092A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
EP2537914B1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
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WO2011102037A1 (ja) | 2011-08-25 |
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