JP5613206B2 - 新規なc−17−ヘテロアリールステロイドcyp17阻害剤/抗アンドロゲン:合成、インビトロ生物活性、薬物動態および抗腫瘍活性 - Google Patents
新規なc−17−ヘテロアリールステロイドcyp17阻害剤/抗アンドロゲン:合成、インビトロ生物活性、薬物動態および抗腫瘍活性 Download PDFInfo
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- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- YPQLFJODEKMJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyflutamide Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 YPQLFJODEKMJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GFIJNRVAKGFPGQ-LIJARHBVSA-N leuprolide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GFIJNRVAKGFPGQ-LIJARHBVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XMSZANIMCDLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl hypofluorite Chemical compound COF XMSZANIMCDLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VQSRKMNBWMHJKY-YTEVENLXSA-N n-[3-[(4ar,7as)-2-amino-6-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-4,4a,5,7-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-d][1,3]thiazin-7a-yl]-4-fluorophenyl]-5-methoxypyrazine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=NC(OC)=CN=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=C(F)C([C@@]23[C@@H](CN(C2)C=2N=CC(F)=CN=2)CSC(N)=N3)=C1 VQSRKMNBWMHJKY-YTEVENLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229960000249 pregnenolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000186 progesterone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003387 progesterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000003998 progesterone receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000468 progesterone receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000004240 prostatic hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- LEVHVSKATVECTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazin-3-ylstannane Chemical compound [SnH3]C1=CC=CN=N1 LEVHVSKATVECTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- IUGMRGSLLPVCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Rh].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IUGMRGSLLPVCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940037128 systemic glucocorticoids Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N triamcinolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@]([C@H](O)C4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTFFOOAJSDVASL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(pyrimidin-2-yl)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1=NC=CC=N1 WTFFOOAJSDVASL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRDQHTJNKPXXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(pyrimidin-5-yl)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1=CN=CN=C1 QRDQHTJNKPXXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J43/00—Normal steroids having a nitrogen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton
- C07J43/003—Normal steroids having a nitrogen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton not condensed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/08—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the prostate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J43/00—Normal steroids having a nitrogen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
ABC環構造は、任意に置換されてもよいステロイドまたはその類縁体のA,BおよびC環部分であり;
16,17位間の結合(実線と点線)は二重結合か、または化合物が17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−3−オンである時には単結合であり;そして
Xは任意に置換されてもよいベンズイミダゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール、ピリミジノイミダゾール(プリン)、ピリミジノトリアゾールまたはジアジンであり、ベンズイミダゾール、ベンゾトリアゾールおよびピリミドイミダゾール基は5員環の窒素原子を介してステロイド残基へ結合しており、そしてジアジン基はジアジン環の炭素原子を介してステロイド残基へ結合している。
化合物2:3β−フルオロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物3:3β−クロロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物4:3β−ブロモ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物5:3β−ヨード−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物6:3β−アミノ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物7:17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−3,5,16−トリエン;
化合物8:17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−2,4,16−トリエン;
化合物9:17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)−3−メチレンアンドロスタ−5,16−トリエン;
化合物10:17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)−3−メチレンアンドロスタ−4,16−トリエン;
化合物11:3,3−ジフルオロ−17−(1H−イミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物12:3,3−ジフルオロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−4,16−ジエン;
化合物13:17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)−3−メチレンアンドロスタ−2,4,16−トリエン;
化合物14:17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)−3−メチレンアンドロスタ−2,4,5,16−テトラエン;
化合物15:3,3−ジフルオロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−2,4,16−トリエン;
化合物16:3,3−ジフルオロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−2,4,6,16−テトラエン;
化合物17:3−ヒドロキシイミノ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン;
化合物18:3−ヒドロキシイミノ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−4,16−ジエン;
化合物19:3−ヒドロキシイミノ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−2,4,16−トリエン;
化合物20:3−ヒドロキシイミノ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−2,4,6,16−テトラエン;
化合物21:3−ヒドロキシ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)エストラ−1,3,5(10),16−テトラエン;
化合物22:3−フルオロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)エストラ−1,3,5(10),16−テトラエン;
化合物23:3−クロロ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)エストラ−1,3,5(10),16−テトラエン;
化合物24:3−ブロモ−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)エストラ−1,3,5(10),16−トリエン;
化合物25:3−ヨード−17−(1H−ベンズイミダゾール−1−イル)エストラ−1,3,5(10),16−テトラエン
生物学的研究
CYP17阻害研究:CYP17阻害アッセイは我々の以前報告した操作に従って実施される。そこでは酵素源としてインタクトなチトクロームP450c17−発現E.coliが使用される(Grigoryev et al,“Cytochrome P450c17−expressing Escherichia coli as a first−step screening system for 17α−hydroxylase−C17,20−lyase inhibitors”,Anal.Biochem.1999,267,319−330;and“Effects of new 17α−hydroxylase/C17,20−lyase inhibitors on LNCaP prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and invivo”,Br.J.Cancer,1999,81,622−630)。化合物のIC50値は投与量応答曲線から決定され、そして表1にリストされている。ケトコナゾール、アビラテロン(臨床試験中のCYP17阻害剤(前出O’Donnell)チャート1)、および3β−ヒドロキシ−17−(1H−イミダゾール−1−イル)アンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン(VN/85−1,化合物16,チャート1,最も強力なCYP17阻害剤だと信じられている(Njar et al,Current Pharm.Design,1999,5,163−180))のIC50値も比較のため同じアッセイシステムにおいて決定される。新しい17−複素環化合物のいくつかはIC50値300−915nMでCYP17の強力な阻害を示す。ベンゾイミダゾール5および6は、ベンゾトリアゾール9および10よりも4ないし6倍強力である。この結果は17−複素環の電子的性格が阻害活性に影響することを示唆する。さらに△5−3β−オール官能を有する化合物5および9は、△4−3−オン官能を有する対応する類縁体6および10よりもそれぞれ少なくとも3倍強力である。これらの結果は簡単な17−アゾールCYP17阻害剤についての我々の以前の結果と対照的である。それらの阻害剤シリーズにおいては、△5−3β−オールアゾールと対応する△4−3−オンアゾールの間には阻害強度に目立った差はない(Njar et al,J.Med.Chem.1998,41,902−912,前出)。可能性ある説明は、よりバルキーなベンゾアゾールは酵素の活性部位に異なって結合し、3位における部分の相互作用が結合に対して重要になって来ることである。一部のP450チトクロームのヘム成分に対する基質または阻害リガンドの結合はUV−vis差分光分析(Jefcoat C.R.,“Measurement of substrate and inhibitor binding to microsomal cytochrome P450 by optical difference spetroscopy”,Methods Enzymol.1978,52,258−279)を用いて検討される。このアプローチは我々が以前発表した標準的操作に従って拡張される(Njar et al,Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett,1996,6,2777−2782;and J.Med.Chem,1998,41,902−912)。化合物5および9は各自タイプII差スペクトルを誘発し、低スピン鉄の生成を伴なってステロイドの窒素(ベンゾイミダゾールまたはベンゾトリアゾールのN−3)のCYP17のヘムへの配置を指示する。5および9(426nM)との酵素コンプレックスのソーレー最大のためのピーク位置はCYPシステムに対する窒素リガンドの結合についての利用できるデータと一致し、そして我々の他の17−アゾリルCYP17阻害剤でのデータとも一致する(Njar et al,Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.1996,6,2776−2782;and J.Med.Chem.1998,41,902−912)。ベンゾアゾール窒素とCYP17のヘム鉄との相互作用は、5および9の結合親和力が17−イミダゾール基を有するより小さい立体を要求する16と同じであるため17位におけるバルクトラランスを示唆する。
化合物5および6についての雄性SCIDマウス中の薬物動態学的性質が他の阻害剤についての最近記載された操作に従って研究される(Nnane et al,“Pharmacokinetic profile of 3β−hydroxy −17−(1H−1,2,3−triazol−1−yl)androsta−5,16−diene(VN/87−1),a potent androgen synthesis inhibitor in mice”,J.Steroid Biochem.Molec.Biol.2001,71,145−152;and Handratta et al,“Potent CYP17 inhibitors:improved syntheses,pharmacokinetics and anti−tumor activity in the LNCaP human prostate cancer model”,J.Steroid Biochem.Molec.Biol.2004,92,155−165)。結果は表2および図3−5に要約されている。逆相HPLCにおいて5(保留時間=21.6min)は内部標準(16,rt=11.5min)、代謝産物(rt=17.3min)およびマウス血漿中の他の内因性化合物から良く解像される(図3)。5に対する較正曲線は直線で、そしてその検出限界は100ng/mlである。HPLCアッセイがバリデートされ、そしてマウス血漿中の5のモニターのために使用される。
データは、△16ステロイドのC17置換基をCYP17の強力な阻害剤および強力なARアンタゴニストを製造するために修飾する我々の以前の着想を補強する。17−ベンズイミダゾール5および6はCYP17のヘム鉄に配位することを示し、これはそれらの酵素阻害活性、ARアンタゴニズム、および前立腺癌細胞成長に一部責任ある性質である。驚くべきことに、これら化合物はそれらの抗腫瘍活性において非常に異なっており、5はLAPC4腫瘍キセノグラフトの成長において著しく抑制を生ぜしめ、対照的に6(0.15mmol/kg 1日2回)は腫瘍成長を促進する。本研究は、5はヒト前立腺成長の強力な阻害剤であり、そして去勢よりも著しく効果的である説得力ある証拠を提供する。これは前立腺癌腫瘍に対して去勢よりももっと効果的であるという点においてインビボ抗腫瘍効果を示すCYP17阻害剤/抗アンドロゲン剤の最初の例である。これらの印象的な生物学的活性は5をしてヒトの前立腺癌の処置のための可能性ある薬物としてさらなる開発のための強力な候補にならしめる。ベンズイミダゾール基を含んでいる化合物5のすぐれた抗腫瘍活性はベンズイミダゾールをして好ましい基とならしめる。しかしながら、上に議論した5の類縁体は関連した活性を持つことが予期され、そして本発明に含まれる。
化学:一般的操作およびテクニックは以前の報告と同じである(Njar et al.J.Med.Chem.1998,41,902−912)。赤外スペクトルはCHCl3溶液を使用してパーキンエルマー1600FTIR分光光度計で記録される。高解像度質量スペクトル(HRMS)は3−テルサフィネガンFTMS−2000FF質量分析計、EIモード(Ohio State University,Department of Chemistry)で測定される。キー標的化合物の純度基準として、我々は化合物均質性を指示するHPLCクロマトグラフィーを伴った高解像度質量スペクトルデータを提供した。低解像度質量スペクトル(LRMS)はフィネガンLCR−MSで測定される。融点はFischer Johns融点装置で測定され、そして補正されない。デヒドロエピアンドロステロンおよびデヒドロエピアンドロステロンアセテートはAldrich Milwaukee,WIから購入した。トリブチルスタニルピリミジンおよび2−トリブチルスタニルピラジンはFrontier Scientific,Inc.,Logan,UTから購入した。
乾燥ベンゾニトリル(10ml)中の3β−アセトキシ−17−(1H−イミダゾール−1−イル)−16−ホルミルアンドロスタ−5,16−ジエン(3,2.04g,4.45mmol)の溶液を活性炭上の10%パラジウム(1.02g,3の50重量%)の存在下5時間還流した。室温へ冷却後、触媒をセライトパッドで濾過して除いた。濾液を蒸発し、残渣をFCC(石油エーテル/EtOA/Et3N=7.5:3:0.5)によって精製した。純粋な化合物4を1.41g(73.8%)を与えた。
HPLC分析:ステロイドおよび適切な内部標準のクロマトグラフィー分離および定量は、以前記載されたように、ペリクルC18で包装されたWatersガードカートリッジによって保護されたWaters Novapak C18カラム(3.9×150mm)上のWaters Novapak C18カラム上の逆相HPLC法によって達成される。概略すると、この研究に使用されるHPLCシステムは、Waters溶媒送達システム、Waters717plusオートサンプラーおよび242.7nmで作動するWaters996発光ダイオード列デテクターと組合せたWatersコントローラー(Milford,MA)よりなる。移動相組成は水/MeOH/CH3CN(35:35:30 v/v/v+Et3N 200mlおよび移動相1000mlあたりNH4OAc 0.77g)であり、流速は1.0ml/minである。HPLC分析は環境温度で実施され、そしてデータ取得およびマネージメントはWatersミレニアムクロマトグラフィーマネージャーで達成される。
b IC50は酵素活性を50%阻害するのに要する阻害剤の濃度,CYP17については各自2系列、5α−レダクターゼおよびAR結合については3系列。
c IC50はアンドロゲン受容体から〔3H〕R1881を50%移動させるのに要する化合物の濃度。
d タイプ1酵素を発現する前立腺腫瘍細胞株(DV−145);基質:(5nM〔1β3H〕アンドロステンジオン。
e BPH組織からの酵素(タイプ2酵素),タンパク125μg,基質:20nM〔1β,2β−3H〕テストステロン。
f ni=10μMまで阻害なし、−=測定せず
Claims (4)
- 野生タイプおよび変異株アンドロゲンレセプタ−の両方の阻害によるアンドロゲン依存性腫瘍の処置に使用するための、式1(化1)の化合物:
- 経口投与のために処方された請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物が錠剤又はカプセル剤であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 式1(化1)の化合物又はその薬学的に許容し得る塩が任意の他の活性成分と組み合わせられることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1つに記載の医薬組成物。
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