JP5606192B2 - Alめっき鋼線を用いたワイヤボンディング構造 - Google Patents
Alめっき鋼線を用いたワイヤボンディング構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5606192B2 JP5606192B2 JP2010157363A JP2010157363A JP5606192B2 JP 5606192 B2 JP5606192 B2 JP 5606192B2 JP 2010157363 A JP2010157363 A JP 2010157363A JP 2010157363 A JP2010157363 A JP 2010157363A JP 5606192 B2 JP5606192 B2 JP 5606192B2
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Description
溶融Alめっき層は、例えばSi:0〜12質量%、残部Alおよび不純物からなるものが採用される。
前記導電体表面の一方を、半導体チップの表面に形成された電極パッドとすることができる。
Alめっき鋼線は、長手方向に垂直な断面において、鋼芯線とAlめっき層の間に介在するFe−Al系合金反応層の平均厚さが0〜10μmであることが好ましい。
本発明に適用するAlめっき鋼線は、鋼芯線の周囲を溶融Alめっき層で被覆したものである。「溶融Alめっき層」は、後述するように溶融Alめっき浴に浸漬することにより形成されるめっき層である。溶融Alめっきは後述するように、いわゆる純Alめっきの他、Siを12質量%以下の範囲で含有するAl−Si合金めっきが好適な対象となる。
鋼芯線の面積率が上記範囲より大きい場合は、同等の線径を有するアルミニウム線と比べ導電性が著しく低下する。また、強度が過剰となり製造性を損なう要因となる。さらに、相対的にAlめっき層の被覆量が少なくなるので、超音波接合等において良好な接合強度を安定して得るための条件範囲が狭くなる。
[反応層の平均厚さh]=S1/(πD)
ここで、分母のπDは鋼芯線の円周長さに相当する。反応層は概念的にその円周より外側に存在するので、数学的な正確さからは、反応層の平均厚さhは上式により定まる値よりも僅かに小さい値となる。しかし、hはπDに比べ十分に小さいので、本願では上式により近似したhの値を反応層の平均厚さとして採用することができる。なお、上記のDおよびS1は例えば断面の観察画像(例えばSEM画像)を画像処理することにより求めることができる。
本発明のワイヤボンディング構造において、Alめっき鋼線の接合相手材となる電子回路基板上の導電体表面としては、従来、アルミニウム線によるボンディング構造に適用されていた種々のものがそのまま適用できる。例えば、導電体表面はAl、Al合金またはNiで構成されていることが望ましい。Niは、例えば銅系材料やアルミニウム系材料の表面に形成されたNiめっき層が例示できる。
Alめっき鋼線と導電体表面の接合には、超音波接合が適している。基本的には従来のアルミニウム線を用いたワイヤボンディングと同様の手法で超音波接合を行えばよい。ただし、同じ線径でAlめっき鋼線とアルミニウム線の超音波接合条件を比較すると、Alめっき鋼線の場合はアルミニウム線の場合よりも超音波出力を増大させ、かつ接合時に付与する荷重(接合荷重)を増大させることが望ましい。従来、鋼線によるワイヤボンディングは、良好な超音波接合条件を見出すことが困難であるために、工業的には実現されていなかった。しかし、Alめっき鋼線を適用すると、良好な超音波接合条件の範囲を比較的容易に見出せることがわかった。すなわち、鋼線であってもAlめっきを施すことによってワイヤボンディングが可能となる。
このうち、Alめっき鋼線は、質量%でC:0.24〜0.31%、Si:0.15〜0.35%、Mn:0.3〜0.6%、P:0.030%以下、S:0.030%以下、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物の範囲内にある鋼線に、純Alめっき浴(前述)を用いた溶融Alめっきを施し、その後、伸線加工を施して外径0.3mmとしたものである。伸線加工後の断面における鋼芯線とAlめっき層の間に介在するFe−Al系合金反応層の平均厚さは、いずれも5μm以下であることが確認された。
アルミニウム線は、従来からワイヤボンディング用に使用されている外径0.3mmの高純度アルミニウム線である。表1中の「破断荷重」は、外径0.3mmの線材を引張試験に供した際の破断荷重を概略値として示したもの(アルミニウム線は製品のカタログ値)である。
一方、電子回路基板上の導電体表面を模擬して、板厚1mmのアルミニウム板(A1015相当品)を用意した。
(1)アルミニウム線を用いたワイヤボンディング構造では、図6のxと表示した部位(接合部71より引張り方向位置のくびれ72部分)で線材が破断した。また、超音波接合部での離脱は生じなかった。すなわち、破断の原因は、線材自体の強度が低いことに起因するものであった。
(2)Alめっき鋼線を用いたワイヤボンディング構造では、超音波接合部において、「アルミニウム板と接合しているAlめっき層」と、鋼芯線との界面で、Alめっき層が剥離することにより破断することがわかった。図6のxと表示した部位での線材の破断は起こらず、また超音波接合部でAlめっき層とアルミニウム板との接合が外れることもなかった。すなわち、鋼芯線とAlめっき層の界面で剥離が生じるものの、その破断強度はアルミニウム線自体の破断強度をはるかに上回るものであるから、めっき密着性は十分であると言える。また、そのように高い破断強度においてもAlめっき層とアルミニウム板との接合状態は維持されることから、Alめっき鋼線を使用した場合の超音波接合性は良好であると評価される。
2 半導体チップ
3、4、4a〜4d 導電体
5、5A、5B ボンディングワイヤ
6 緩衝材
7 ヒートシンク
10 セラミックス板
12 はんだ層
20 導電層
30 溶融Alめっき浴
31 浴面
32 メニスカス
33 浴面
34、35 メニスカス
40 気相空間
50 溶融Alめっき鋼線
51 鋼線
52 Alめっき層
60 浴面窪み
61 ノズル
62 気体
70 アルミニウム板
71 接合部
72 くびれ
Claims (3)
- 鋼芯線の周囲を溶融Alめっき層で被覆した、外径0.08〜0.6mm、長手方向に垂直な断面に占める鋼芯線の面積率が25〜98%であるAlめっき鋼線によって、超音波接合により電子回路基板上の導電体表面同士を接続してなるワイヤボンディング構造。
- 前記導電体表面は、Al、Al合金またはNiである請求項1に記載のワイヤボンディング構造。
- 前記導電体表面の一方が半導体チップの表面に形成されたものである請求項1または2に記載のワイヤボンディング構造。
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