JP5555685B2 - 磁気スタックおよびメモリセル、ならびにセルを製造する方法 - Google Patents
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- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/324—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
- H01F10/3254—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the spacer being semiconducting or insulating, e.g. for spin tunnel junction [STJ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/324—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
- H01F10/329—Spin-exchange coupled multilayers wherein the magnetisation of the free layer is switched by a spin-polarised current, e.g. spin torque effect
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
- H01F41/30—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates for applying nanostructures, e.g. by molecular beam epitaxy [MBE]
- H01F41/302—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates for applying nanostructures, e.g. by molecular beam epitaxy [MBE] for applying spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F41/303—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates for applying nanostructures, e.g. by molecular beam epitaxy [MBE] for applying spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices with exchange coupling adjustment of magnetic film pairs, e.g. interface modifications by reduction, oxidation
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/324—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
- H01F10/3268—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the exchange coupling being asymmetric, e.g. by use of additional pinning, by using antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling interface, i.e. so-called spin-valve [SV] structure, e.g. NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn
- H01F10/3272—Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the exchange coupling being asymmetric, e.g. by use of additional pinning, by using antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling interface, i.e. so-called spin-valve [SV] structure, e.g. NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn by use of anti-parallel coupled [APC] ferromagnetic layers, e.g. artificial ferrimagnets [AFI], artificial [AAF] or synthetic [SAF] anti-ferromagnets
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Description
本発明のさまざまな実施形態は、概して、横方向磁気ピニング層を用いて構成される不揮発性メモリセルに向けられる。
本開示は、概して、スピントルクランダムアクセスメモリ(STRAM)セルのような、不揮発性メモリセルに関する。ソリッドステート不揮発性メモリは、フォームファクタを低減しつつ、信頼性のあるデータ記憶および高速データ転送を提供することを狙った、開発中の技術である。しかしながら、低い全体のデータ容量をもたらす大スイッチング電流、低動作マージン、および低面積密度のような、ソリッドステートセルに関連するいくつかの問題は、実際的な用途を抑制する。最近の試みにおいては、高揮発性は、セルのトンネル磁気抵抗(TMR)効果を低下させることによって、ソリッドステートセルをさらに苦しめ、それはセルの読出可能性(readability)および書込可能性(writeability)を低減させる。
Claims (15)
- 磁気スタックであって、
下から順番に積層される、下部電極と、合成反強磁性層(SAF)と、磁気トンネル接合と、磁気自由層と、上部電極とを備え、
前記磁気トンネル接合、前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極の横方向に配置されて、前記磁気トンネル接合を超えて横方向に伸延する前記SAFのピニング領域との接触を通じて、前記SAFの磁化を固定する反強磁性層(AFM)と、
前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極から、前記反強磁性層(AFM)を物理的かつ磁気的に分離するための非磁気スペーサ層とを備えた磁気スタック。 - トンネル磁気抵抗効果は、昇温および面内磁場の存在下における焼鈍を通して増加される、請求項1に記載の磁気スタック。
- 前記ピニング領域は、焼鈍中に、揮発性AFM原子の拡散を抑制する、請求項1に記載の磁気スタック。
- 前記磁気自由層は、第1の幅を有し、
前記磁気トンネル接合は、第2の幅を有し、
前記SAFは、第3の幅を有し、
前記ピニング領域は、前記第2の幅と前記第3の幅との差によって定められる、請求項1に記載の磁気スタック。 - 前記ピニング領域は、前記磁気自由層の横方向の両側に配置される、請求項1に記載の磁気スタック。
- 磁気スタックであって、
下から順番に積層される、下部電極と、単一の強磁性層と、磁気トンネル接合と、磁気自由層と、上部電極とを備え、
前記磁気トンネル接合、前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極の横方向に配置されて、前記磁気トンネル接合を超えて横方向に伸延する前記単一の強磁性層のピニング領域との接触を通じて、前記単一の強磁性層の磁化を固定する反強磁性層(AFM)と、
前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極から、前記反強磁性層(AFM)を物理的かつ磁気的に分離するための非磁気スペーサ層とを備えた磁気スタック。 - 前記AFMは、マンガン化合物である、請求項1に記載の磁気スタック。
- 前記マンガン化合物は、IrMnである、請求項7に記載の磁気スタック。
- 前記磁気スタックは不揮発性であり、スピン偏極電流を用いて前記磁気自由層に論理状態がプログラムされる、請求項1に記載の磁気スタック。
- 下から順番に積層される、下部電極と、合成反強磁性層(SAF)と、磁気トンネル接合と、磁気自由層と、上部電極とを提供するステップと、
前記磁気トンネル接合、前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極の横方向に反強磁性層(AFM)を提供するステップと、
前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極から、前記反強磁性層(AFM)を物理的かつ磁気的に分離するための非磁気スペーサ層を提供するステップと、
前記AFMを用いて、前記磁気トンネル接合を超えて横方向に伸延する前記SAFのピニング領域との接触を通じて、前記SAFの磁化を固定するステップとを備える、方法。 - 前記AFMは、交換バイアス場を用いて前記SAFを固定する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記SAFは、前記磁気自由層の幅の少なくとも2倍の長さの幅を有する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記ピニング領域は、前記磁気トンネル接合の側面部を除去することによって形成される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- メモリセルであって、
下から順番に積層される、下部電極と、合成反強磁性層(SAF)と、磁気トンネル接合と、磁気自由層と、上部電極とを備え、前記磁気自由層は、第1の幅を有し、前記磁気トンネル接合は、前記第1の幅よりも大きい第2の幅を有し、前記合成反強磁性層(SAF)は、少なくとも前記第1の幅の2倍である第3の幅を有し、
前記磁気トンネル接合、前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極の横方向に配置されて、前記磁気トンネル接合を超えて横方向に伸延する前記SAFのピニング領域との接触を通じて、前記SAFの磁化を固定する反強磁性層(AFM)と、
前記磁気自由層および前記上部電極から、前記反強磁性層(AFM)を物理的かつ磁気的に分離するための非磁気スペーサ層とを備え、
前記ピニング領域は、昇温および面内磁場の存在下における焼鈍中に、AFM原子の拡散を抑制する、メモリセル。 - 前記AFM原子の拡散の抑制は、前記SAFの磁気安定性を増加し、
前記焼鈍は、前記メモリセルについてのトンネル磁気抵抗を増加する、請求項14に記載のメモリセル。
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US12/973,536 US8541247B2 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Non-volatile memory cell with lateral pinning |
US12/973,536 | 2010-12-20 |
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JP2012134495A JP2012134495A (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
JP2012134495A5 JP2012134495A5 (ja) | 2012-09-13 |
JP5555685B2 true JP5555685B2 (ja) | 2014-07-23 |
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US8455117B2 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2013-06-04 | Seagate Technology Llc | Bit-patterned stack with antiferromagnetic shell |
US9203017B2 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2015-12-01 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and system for providing magnetic junctions including a package structure usable in spin transfer torque memories |
US9196825B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2015-11-24 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Reversed stack MTJ |
US9230630B2 (en) | 2013-09-09 | 2016-01-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Physically unclonable function based on the initial logical state of magnetoresistive random-access memory |
US9214172B2 (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-12-15 | Western Digital (Fremont), Llc | Method of manufacturing a magnetic read head |
KR102214507B1 (ko) | 2014-09-15 | 2021-02-09 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 자기 메모리 장치 |
US9559294B2 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-01-31 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Self-aligned magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) structure for process damage minimization |
CN104659202A (zh) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-27 | 西南应用磁学研究所 | 提高隧道结薄膜磁电阻效应的制备方法 |
CN110970550B (zh) * | 2018-09-28 | 2023-06-23 | 联华电子股份有限公司 | 磁阻元件及其制作方法 |
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JP4352659B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-25 | 2009-10-28 | ソニー株式会社 | 磁気抵抗効果素子の製造方法 |
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US8541247B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 |
US20120153413A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
KR101361568B1 (ko) | 2014-02-12 |
JP2012134495A (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
CN102544352A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
KR20120069577A (ko) | 2012-06-28 |
CN102544352B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
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