JP5542444B2 - 放射線増感剤を用いた放射線感受性腫瘍に対する方法 - Google Patents
放射線増感剤を用いた放射線感受性腫瘍に対する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5542444B2 JP5542444B2 JP2009538405A JP2009538405A JP5542444B2 JP 5542444 B2 JP5542444 B2 JP 5542444B2 JP 2009538405 A JP2009538405 A JP 2009538405A JP 2009538405 A JP2009538405 A JP 2009538405A JP 5542444 B2 JP5542444 B2 JP 5542444B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
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- A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
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Description
前記哺乳動物組織へイオン化放射線を適用する工程と、によって癌を治療する方法を提供するものである。
R1は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
R2は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであるか、
或いは、R1及びR2は、それらが結合する窒素元素とともに、ピロリル、ピロリジニル、ピペリジニル、モルフォリニル、チオモルフォリニル及びピペラジニルから選択されたヘテロシクリル基を形成するものであり、ここにおいて前記ヘテロシクリル基は任意にC1−4アルキルで置換されるものであり、
R3は、−C1−4アルキル−NR1R2、−C1−4アルキル−OR5、ピリジニル、−フェニル(CH2NR1R2)、及び−CH(R6)NH2から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R4は、−O−(C1−4アルキル)−NR1R2、−O−(C1−4アルキル)−OR5、及び−CH(R6)NH2から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R5は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
R6は、天然由来アミノ酸の側鎖である。
及び薬学的に許容可能な担体を有するものである。
R1は、H或いはC1−4アルキル、
R2は、H或いはC1−4アルキル、
或いは、R1及びR2は、それらが結合する窒素元素とともに、ピロリル、ピロリジニル、ピペリジニル、モルフォリニル、チオモルフォリニル及びピペラジニルから選択されたヘテロシクリル基を形成するものであり、ここにおいて前記ヘテロシクリル基は任意にC1−4アルキルで置換されるものであり、
R3は、−C1−4アルキル−NR1R2、−C1−4アルキル−OR5、ピリジニル、−フェニル(CH2NR1R2)、及び−CH(R6)NH2から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R4は、−O−(C1−4アルキル)−NR1R2、−O−(C1−4アルキル)−OR5、及び−CH(R6)NH2から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R5は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
R6は、天然由来アミノ酸の側鎖である。
R1は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
R2は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであるか、
或いは、R1及びR2は、それらが結合する窒素元素とともに、ピロリル、ピロリジニル、ピペリジニル、モルフォリニル、チオモルフォリニル及びピペラジニルから選択されたヘテロシクリル基を形成するものであり、ここにおいて前記ヘテロシクリル基は任意にC1−4アルキルで置換されるものである。
細胞の照射はチェックポイント停止を誘導し、これは、DNA障害の修復を促進する活性化PARPによる、細胞のDNA障害の修復を可能にする。仮定で、単一線量或いは分割放射線との組み合わせでのPARP阻害剤の投与は、DNA障害を修復するための照射細胞の能力を減少し、細胞殺傷を増加するであろう。従って、PARP阻害剤は、分割放射線と相乗的に作用し、腫瘍増殖遅延を増加しなくてはならない。実施例7/実施例6におけるこの仮説の初期テストは、ヌードマウスにおける放射線耐性U87MGヒト神経膠芽腫異種移植片で実行した。図3に示されたように、実施例7単独の投与、放射線単独、及び放射線(実施例6の100mg/kg用量当量、s.c.、放射線のqd2日前、及び3日間の7.5Gy放射線との組み合わせ)との組み合わせの実施例7は、確立された腫瘍を有するマウスにおいて実行した。単一剤として投与された実施例7は、腫瘍増殖に影響を及ぼさなかった。溶媒或いは実施例7で治療された腫瘍は、それぞれ10.0日或いは9.6日(コントロールに対して、p=0.798)で2000mm3の腫瘍容積に達した。放射線単独の投与は、2000mm3に達するための時間が16.1日と増加し、腫瘍増殖遅延(TGD)も6.1日(コントロールに対して、p=0.033)と増加した。対照的に、放射線療法との実施例7の投与は、2000mm3に達するための腫瘍に対する時間が24.8日と増加し、これは14.8日TGDに対応する。併用療法の効果の大きさは、実施例7単独(p=0.001)或いは放射線のみ(p=0.006)の比較計画によって見られたものより強く、これは、実施例7は真の放射線増感剤の特性を示すことを示している。有効性と関連したCmaxにおける実施例6の血漿レベル(100mg/kg実施例7での)は、23μMであり、これは化学−感作研究におけるこの用量で達成されるものに匹敵する。
次の放射線増感研究は、臨床的に関連した分割放射線療法スケジュール(2Gyを5日間)との組み合わせで実施例7(30及び100mg/kg、s.c.)を評価することである。実施例7は、5日間の放射線後に0.5時間投与し、放射線計画後16日間続けた実施例7の投与を完了した。この投与計画に対する論理的根拠は、放射線障害からのDNA修復が照射後10から12日で起こり、従って、実施例7の連続投与及びPARP活性の修飾は、分割放射線と相乗的に作用し放射線増感及び腫瘍増殖遅延を増加するであろう、細胞周期停止及びDNA修復時間に影響を及ぼしている、という事実に基づいていた。図1及び2に示されたように、放射線単独の投与(2Gyを5日間)は、溶媒処理腫瘍と比較して2.5日のTGDを生じた。実施例7の投与(CEP 30;30mg/kg s.c.)は、TGDを15日まで増加し、放射線単独と比較して4倍増加し(p≦0.05);実施例7単独と比較して6倍増加した(p≦0.001)。放射線増感効果と関連したCmaxでの実施例6の血漿レベルは、5.5μMであった。分割放射線療法との実施例7の投与(100mg/kg、s.c.)は、有意な抗腫瘍効果を生じたが、80%死亡率は11日目で達成された。100mg/kg、s.c.でのCmaxにおける血漿レベルは21μMであり、これは化学−感作研究及び上述の初期放射線増感研究におけるこの用量で達成された照射レベルと一致している。
本発明の化合物は、これに限定されるのもではないが以下に記載された方法を含む本分野の当業者にはよく知られた多くの方法において、或いは標準技術を適用することによるこれら方法を修飾した方法を介して調合した。本発明に関連して開示された全ての工程は、ミリグラム、グラム、マルチグラム、キログラム、マルチキログラム或いは商工業スケールを含むあらゆるスケールで実行されると考えられる。
アルキル化或いはアシル化剤でのGのさらなる処理によって、本発明のインドール−N−置換カルバゾール誘導体を得た。適切なプロドラッグ誘導体を選択及び調合するための従来の方法は、例えば、Prodrugs,Sloane,K.B.,Ed.;Marcel Dekker:New York,1992に記載されており、これはこの参照によってその全体が本明細書に組み込まれるものである。
U87MGヒト神経膠芽腫細胞は、1.5g/L炭酸水素ナトリウム、0.1nM非必須アミノ酸、10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)を含む1.0nMピルビン酸ナトリウムと共に、商業的に利用可能な基礎培地(MEM)において培養した。
対数増殖細胞を播種し、商業的に利用可能な無胸腺NCRヌードマウスの右脇腹へ注入した((2X106)細胞/マウス)。200から400mm3の腫瘍を有する動物をサイズに基づいて適切な治療群へランダム化した(n=10)。腫瘍は、ノギスを用いて3から4日毎に測定した。腫瘍容積は、以下の公式:
V(mm3)=0.5236x長さ(mm)x幅(mm)[長さ(mm)+幅(mm)/2]
を用いて計算した。
抗体:一次抗体は、リン酸ヒストンH2AX(Cell Signaling,#2577,1:1000)及びGAPDH(Abcam,#9484,1:5000)に対して使用した。二次抗体は、ヤギ抗マウスIRDye800(Rockland,#610−132−121)及びヤギ抗ウサギAlexa fluor 700(Molecular Probe,#A21038)であった。
U87MG細胞は、3Gy或いは5Gy放射線に照射し、次に照射後0.5時間で、実施例6(300nM及び1μM)で処理した。サンプルは、実施例6の添加後8、24及び48時間(或いは本分野の当業者によって決定されたあらゆる時間)で回収した。細胞は、4℃で一晩、100%エタノールにおいて固定させた。翌日細胞を、遮光、室温で1時間、細胞周期試薬(Guava Technologies#4500−0220)と共にインキュベーションした。染色された核はフローサイトメトリー(Guava EasyCyte;本分野の当業者に既知であるセッティングを用いる、例えば427X8;得られたデータ5,000イベント/サンプル)によって解析した。細胞周期の各相における細胞のパーセンテージは、細胞周期解析ソフトウェア(Guava Technologies)を用いて決定した。
7−メトキシ−5,11−(ビス−ジエチルアミノメチル)−1,2,3,11−テトラヒドロ−5,11−ジアザ−ベンゾ[a]トリンデン−4,6−ジオン(実施例8b)
PARP活性は、[32P]NAD+からヒストン或いはPARP自身などのタンパク質受容体への放射線標識ADP−リボースユニットの転移によってモニタリングした。前記アッセイ混合物は、最終容積100μLにおいて100mMトリス(pH8.0)、2mM DTT、10mM MgCl2、20μg/ml DNA(超音波処理によってニックを入れた)、20mg/mlヒストンH1、5ng組換えヒトPARP、及び阻害剤或いはDMSO(<2.5%(v/v))を含む。反応は、2μCi[32P]NAD+/mL1を補充した00μM NAD+の添加で開始し、室温で12時間維持した。アッセイは100μMの50%TCAの添加によって終了し、放射線標識沈殿物を96ウェルフィルタープレート(Millipore,MADP NOB50)上で回収し、25% TCAで洗浄した。ポリADP−リボシル化タンパク質と一致する、酸不溶性放射線活性の量は、Wallac MicroBetaシンチレーションカウンターで定量化した。
一点阻害データは、DMSOのみ存在する場合の活性に対して、阻害剤の存在下でPARP、VEGFR2或いはMLK3活性と比較することによって計算した。化合物に対する阻害曲線は、パーセント阻害に対して化合物の濃度のlog10をプロットすることによって作成した。IC50値は、以下のGraphPad PrismにおけるS状用量反応性(可変傾き)方程式:
y=ボトム+(トップ−ボトム)/(1+10(logIC 50 −x)*斜面(Hillslope))
を用いた非直線回帰によって計算し、ここにおいて、yは化合物の既知濃度での%活性であり、xは化合物の濃度の対数であり、ボトムはテストした最も低い化合物濃度での%阻害であり、トップは試験した最も高い化合物濃度での%阻害である。ボトム及びトップに対する値は、それぞれ0及び100で固定した。IC50値は、少なくとも3回の別々の決定の平均として報告した。
指数関数的に増殖した細胞は播種し、商業的に利用可能な胸腺欠損NCR nu/nuヌードマウスの右側腹部へ注入した(2x106細胞/マウス)。200から400mm3の腫瘍を有する動物は、適切な処理群へサイズに従ってランダム化した(n=4)。腫瘍は、ノギスを用いて3から4日毎に測定した。腫瘍容積は、以下の公式を用いて計算した:
V=a2b/2、ここにおいてa及びbはそれぞれ、短寸法及び長寸法である。
Claims (6)
- 癌細胞を放射線増感するための薬学的組成物であって、
化学式(I)の化合物、
Xは、−CH2NR1R2、−CH2OC(=O)R3、−CH2OP(=O)(OH)2、及び−C(=O)R4から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R1は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
R2は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
或いは、R1及びR2は、それらが結合する窒素元素とともに、ピロリル、ピロリジニル、ピペリジニル、モルフォリニル、チオモルフォリニル、及びピペラジニルから選択されるヘテロシクリル基を形成するものであり、前記ヘテロシクリル基は選択的にC1−4アルキルで置換されるものであり、
R3は、−C1−4アルキル−NR1R2、−C1−4アルキル−OR5、ピリジニル、及び−フェニル(CH2NR1R2 )から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R4は、−O−(C1−4アルキル)−NR1R2、及び−O−(C1−4アルキル)−OR 5 から成る群から選択されるものであり、
R5は、H或いはC1−4アルキルである、薬学的組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、
Xは、−CH2NR1R2であり、
R1は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
R2は、H或いはC1−4アルキルであり、
或いは、R1及びR2は、それらが結合する窒素元素とともに、ピロリル、ピロリジニル、ピペリジニル、モルフォリニル、チオモルフォリニル、及びピペラジニルから選択されるヘテロシクリル基を形成するものであり、前記ヘテロシクリル基は選択的にC1−4アルキルで置換されるものである、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、Xは、4−メチル−ピペラジン−1−イルメチル−、モルフォリン−4−イルメチル−、及び5−ジエチルアミノメチル−から選択されるものである、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物は、静脈内投与、皮下投与、経口投与、或いは腹腔内投与されるものである、組成物。
- 請求項1の組成物において、前記組成物は静脈内投与されるものである、組成物。
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TWI482621B (zh) | 2009-12-23 | 2015-05-01 | Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti | 青蒿素基藥物與其他化學治療劑的抗癌組合物 |
TWI573792B (zh) | 2012-02-01 | 2017-03-11 | 歐陸斯迪公司 | 新穎治療劑 |
WO2015121876A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Novel tricyclic compounds and preparation thereof |
US9771325B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2017-09-26 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Tricyclic compounds and preparation thereof |
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US10150772B2 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2018-12-11 | Cephalon, Inc. | Crystalline forms of PARP inhibitors |
CN104961798A (zh) * | 2015-06-28 | 2015-10-07 | 杨洋 | 作为parp抑制剂的化合物 |
AU2016426574B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 | 2023-07-13 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Hodgkin lymphoma therapy |
GB201709406D0 (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-07-26 | Euro-Cletique S A | Compounds for treating TNBC |
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GB201709402D0 (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-07-26 | Euro Celtique Sa | Compounds for treating t-pll |
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US6635642B1 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2003-10-21 | Guilford Pharmaceuticals Inc. | PARP inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, and methods of using same |
US6197785B1 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2001-03-06 | Guilford Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Alkoxy-substituted compounds, methods, and compositions for inhibiting PARP activity |
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US20060276497A1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2006-12-07 | Cephalon, Inc. | Novel multicyclic compounds and the use thereof |
US7122679B2 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2006-10-17 | Cephalon, Inc. | Multicyclic compounds and the use thereof |
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US7728026B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2010-06-01 | Abbott Laboratories, Inc. | 2-substituted-1 h-benzimidazile-4-carboxamides are PARP inhibitors |
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- 2007-11-20 DE DE602007009717T patent/DE602007009717D1/de active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR063869A1 (es) | 2009-02-25 |
AU2007321987B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
TWI636795B (zh) | 2018-10-01 |
ES2352817T3 (es) | 2011-02-23 |
IL198519A0 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
EP2086525A1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
MX2009005292A (es) | 2009-08-13 |
TW200829276A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
CL2007003331A1 (es) | 2008-07-04 |
DE602007009717D1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
PT2086525E (pt) | 2010-12-09 |
NZ595522A (en) | 2013-04-26 |
CA2671517C (en) | 2015-01-27 |
US20080146556A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
CN101784268A (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
NZ576693A (en) | 2011-12-22 |
IL198519A (en) | 2014-07-31 |
JP2010510312A (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
EP2086525B1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
TWI519313B (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
ATE483456T1 (de) | 2010-10-15 |
CN101784268B (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
HK1137347A1 (en) | 2010-07-30 |
WO2008063644A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
AU2007321987A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
TW201601762A (zh) | 2016-01-16 |
CA2671517A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
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