JP5385565B2 - 水性電解質を用いたリチウム電池 - Google Patents
水性電解質を用いたリチウム電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5385565B2 JP5385565B2 JP2008212689A JP2008212689A JP5385565B2 JP 5385565 B2 JP5385565 B2 JP 5385565B2 JP 2008212689 A JP2008212689 A JP 2008212689A JP 2008212689 A JP2008212689 A JP 2008212689A JP 5385565 B2 JP5385565 B2 JP 5385565B2
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- negative electrode
- lithium battery
- positive electrode
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/26—Selection of materials as electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0014—Alkaline electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
Description
・これらのpHの値に関する水素の過剰な放出
・高電位負極の必然的な使用、その結果としてセル出力時における低い発生電圧
という欠点に直面する。
・より多くの水素を放出する電池に特有な爆発リスクを抑える、作動中の水素の低い放出
・高いリチウム挿入電位を有する正極と、低いリチウム挿入電位を有する負極とを併用した結果として、各セルの出力時に得られるより高い電圧(少なくとも1.2V)
という利点を有する電池を得た。
LiFePO4を含む正極と、Li4Ti5O12を含む負極とを備えて、セル出力時に1.9Vの電圧を発生させるか、又は、
LiFePO4を含む正極と、TiO2を含む負極とを備えて、セル出力時に1.85Vの電圧を発生させることを含み得る。
正極及び負極が上記で与えられる定義に従う、正極と、セパレータと、負極とを含むスタックを作製する工程と、
上記で定められるように、上記セパレータを液体電解質で含浸させる工程と
を含む方法によって従来のように作製することができる。
LiFePO4を含む正極と、
Li4Ti5O12を含む負極と、
LiOHの4M水溶液からなる液体電解質と
を含むリチウム電池の作製を例示する。
a)電極を作製すること、
b)液体電解質を調製すること、
c)正極/電解質/負極スタックを作るようにスタックを作製すること
を含む。
電極を作製する試薬は、
正極についてはLiFePO4粉末、及び負極についてはLi4Ti5O12粉末、
Super Pカーボンブラック粉末(Timcal製)、
繊維(Toho Tenax GmbH製)、
CMC(カルボキシメチルセルロース、Aldrich製)の2%溶液、
NBR(ニトリルブタジエンゴム、PolymerLatex GmbH製)の41%溶液、
であり、当該試薬は、それぞれ92質量%、2質量%、2質量%、2質量%及び2質量%で存在する。
粉末及び繊維を秤量した後、これらを合わせてスパチュラで混合すること、
2%CMC溶液を秤量する共に添加し、スパチュラで混合した後、分散機を用いておよそ20〜30分間攪拌させること、
41%NBR溶液を秤量すると共に添加した後、分散機を用いて1〜2分間攪拌させること、
得られた混合物で細孔ニッケルフィルムをコーティングすること
であり、これは正極及び負極について同じである。
調製される溶液は、4Mリチウム溶液である。
167.84gのLiOHを、メスフラスコ内で蒸留水1L中に溶解する。この溶解は、磁気攪拌によって促される。
溶液のpHは14を超える。
正極、セパレータ及び負極を積層させることによって、充電式電池を作製する。セパレータはポリプロピレン繊維に基づくViledon(登録商標)(Freudenberg製)である。
その後、得られた組立体を、予め調製した電解質で真空含浸させる。
図2は、定電流(1mA)で充電式電池を充電する初めの2回のサイクルに関する曲線を示し、停止電圧は2.4Vである。
Claims (9)
- 正極と、負極と、リチウム塩の水溶液からなる電解質とを含むセルを備えたリチウム電池であって、該電解質が、少なくとも14のpHを有し且つソーダ溶液及び/又は炭酸カリウム溶液をさらに含み、該正極が、3.4Vを超えるリチウム挿入電位を有し、且つ該負極が、2.2V未満のリチウム挿入電位を有することを特徴とするリチウム電池。
- 前記正極が、オリビン構造及び一般式LiMPO4(式中、Mは、Fe、Mn、Ni、Co及びそれらの混合物から選択される)を有するリチウム酸化物から選択される材料を含む請求項1に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記正極がLiFePO4を含む請求項2に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記負極が、チタン酸リチウム、酸化チタン(TiO2)及びそれらの混合物から選択される材料を含む請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記負極がLi4Ti5O12を含む請求項4に記載のリチウム電池。
- LiFePO4を含む正極及びLi4Ti5O12を含む負極、又は、
LiFePO4を含む正極及びTiO2を含む負極
を含む請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム電池。 - 前記リチウム塩がLiOHである請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記電解質が、ポリマーフィルムによって保持される請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム電池。
- 前記ポリマーフィルムがポリオレフィン製である請求項8に記載のリチウム電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0757169A FR2920255B1 (fr) | 2007-08-24 | 2007-08-24 | Generateur electrochimique au lithium fonctionnant avec un electrolyte aqueux. |
| FR0757169 | 2007-08-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009110931A JP2009110931A (ja) | 2009-05-21 |
| JP5385565B2 true JP5385565B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008212689A Expired - Fee Related JP5385565B2 (ja) | 2007-08-24 | 2008-08-21 | 水性電解質を用いたリチウム電池 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8597828B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2034543B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5385565B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20090021096A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101373845A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE528810T1 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2373931T3 (ja) |
| FR (1) | FR2920255B1 (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL2034543T3 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10720667B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2020-07-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Secondary battery, battery pack, and vehicle |
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| US6358651B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2002-03-19 | Reveo, Inc. | Solid gel membrane separator in rechargeable electrochemical cells |
| JP2001102086A (ja) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-13 | Kansai Research Institute | 水系リチウムイオン電池 |
| JP2005071936A (ja) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-17 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 水系リチウム二次電池 |
| US7282295B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2007-10-16 | Polyplus Battery Company | Protected active metal electrode and battery cell structures with non-aqueous interlayer architecture |
| GB0408260D0 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2004-05-19 | Univ Southampton | Electrochemical cell |
| JP2006127848A (ja) * | 2004-10-27 | 2006-05-18 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 水系リチウム二次電池 |
| WO2006108302A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-19 | Avestor Limited Partnership | LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE CELL HAVING AN EXCESS OF LiFePO4 BASED CATHODE RELATIVE TO A Li4Ti5O12 BASED ANODE |
| CN101212048A (zh) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-07-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种锂离子二次电池的正极材料及含有该正极材料的电池 |
-
2007
- 2007-08-24 FR FR0757169A patent/FR2920255B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2008
- 2008-08-14 EP EP08162358A patent/EP2034543B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-08-14 PL PL08162358T patent/PL2034543T3/pl unknown
- 2008-08-14 ES ES08162358T patent/ES2373931T3/es active Active
- 2008-08-14 AT AT08162358T patent/ATE528810T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-08-19 CN CNA2008101355176A patent/CN101373845A/zh active Pending
- 2008-08-20 US US12/194,715 patent/US8597828B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-21 JP JP2008212689A patent/JP5385565B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-22 KR KR1020080082282A patent/KR20090021096A/ko not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10720667B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2020-07-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Secondary battery, battery pack, and vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090087742A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| FR2920255A1 (fr) | 2009-02-27 |
| CN101373845A (zh) | 2009-02-25 |
| EP2034543A1 (fr) | 2009-03-11 |
| ATE528810T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
| PL2034543T3 (pl) | 2012-02-29 |
| KR20090021096A (ko) | 2009-02-27 |
| JP2009110931A (ja) | 2009-05-21 |
| EP2034543B1 (fr) | 2011-10-12 |
| ES2373931T3 (es) | 2012-02-10 |
| US8597828B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 |
| FR2920255B1 (fr) | 2009-11-13 |
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