JP5274250B2 - 高速低圧エミッタ - Google Patents
高速低圧エミッタ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5274250B2 JP5274250B2 JP2008517024A JP2008517024A JP5274250B2 JP 5274250 B2 JP5274250 B2 JP 5274250B2 JP 2008517024 A JP2008517024 A JP 2008517024A JP 2008517024 A JP2008517024 A JP 2008517024A JP 5274250 B2 JP5274250 B2 JP 5274250B2
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/60—Pipe-line systems wet, i.e. containing extinguishing material even when not in use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/64—Pipe-line systems pressurised
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
- B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
- B05B1/265—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being symmetrically deflected about the axis of the nozzle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
- B05B7/0853—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single gas jet and several jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Special Wing (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Description
液体をオリフィスから吐出する工程と、
気体を出口から吐出する工程と、
出口とデフレクタ面との間に第1衝撃領域を形成する工程と、
デフレクタ面に近接して第2衝撃領域を形成する工程と、
液体‐気体流をエミッタから放出する工程とを含む。
気体45は、約マッハ1.5でノズル出口16を出ると共に、デフレクタ面22に衝突する。同時に、水47は出口オリフィス52から吐出される。
Claims (36)
- 気体流に混入された液体を霧化すると共に吐出するエミッタであって、該エミッタは、前記液体の加圧源および前記気体の加圧源に対して連通状態で接続可能であり、
入口と断面円状の出口とを備え、かつ、これらの間を貫通する気体流を吐出可能なノズルと、該ノズルの入口は前記加圧気体源に対して連通状態で接続されることと、
前記エミッタ内においてノズルを包囲し、かつ、前記加圧液体源と連通する環状室と、
前記環状室から延在し、かつ、前記ノズルの出口に近接して配置された出口オリフィスを有するダクトと、
前記ノズルの出口に対向するように配置され、ノズルから吐出される気体流およびダクトから吐出される液体流と対向して直交するように配向され、さらに、ノズルの出口の直径と等しい最小直径を有する平坦面を含む第1の面、および該平坦面の端縁部において面取りされた傾斜面を含む第2の面を有するデフレクタ面とを備え、液体は、気体流に混入されると霧化されて前記デフレクタ面の第1の面に衝突すると共に該デフレクタ面から離れ外方かつ下方に流れる液体‐気体流を形成することとを特徴とするスプリンクラヘッド用エミッタ。 - 前記ノズルは先細ノズルである請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記出口は、3.18ミリメートル(1/8インチ)から25.4ミリメートル(1インチ)の直径を有する請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記オリフィスは、0.79ミリメートル(1/32インチ)から3.18ミリメートル(1/8インチ)の直径を有する請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記デフレクタ面は、2.54ミリメートル(1/10インチ)から19.05ミリメートル(3/4インチ)の距離だけ、前記ノズルの出口から離間されている請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記傾斜面は、前記平坦面から測定された時に、15度から45度の後退角を有する請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記出口オリフィスは、0.40ミリメートル(1/64インチ)から3.18ミリメートル(1/8インチ)の距離だけ、前記ノズルの出口から離間されている請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記ノズルは、199.948kPa(29psia)から413.686kPa(60psia)の気体圧範囲で作動するように構成される請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記ダクトは、6.89476kPa(1psig)から344.738kPa(50psig)の液圧範囲で作動するように構成される請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- さらに前記出口オリフィスを複数含む請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 前記デフレクタ面内に位置決めされ、前記平坦面によって包囲される閉鎖端空隙をさらに含む請求項1に記載のエミッタ。
- 気体流に混入された液体を霧化すると共に吐出するエミッタであって、該エミッタは、前記液体の加圧源および前記気体の加圧源に対して連通状態で接続可能であり、
入口と断面円状の出口とを備え、かつ、これらの間を貫通する気体流を吐出可能なノズルと、該ノズルの入口は前記加圧気体源に対して連通状態で接続されることと、
前記エミッタ内においてノズルを包囲し、かつ、前記加圧液体源と連通する環状室と、
前記環状室から延在し、かつ、前記ノズルの出口に近接して配置された出口オリフィスを有するダクトと、
前記ノズルの出口に対向するように配置され、ノズルから吐出される気体流およびダクトから吐出される液体流と対向して直交するように配向され、さらに、ノズルの出口の直径と等しい最小直径を有する平坦面を含む第1の面、および該平坦面の端縁部において湾曲面を含む第2の面を有するデフレクタ面とを備え、液体は、気体流に混入されると霧化されて前記デフレクタ面の第1の面に衝突すると共に該デフレクタ面から離れ外方かつ下方に流れる液体‐気体流を形成することとを特徴とするスプリンクラヘッド用エミッタ。 - 前記デフレクタ面内に位置決めされ、前記平坦面によって包囲される閉鎖端空隙をさらに含む請求項12に記載のエミッタ。
- 請求項1または12に記載のエミッタの作動方法であって、
前記液体流を前記オリフィスから吐出する工程と、
前記気体流を前記出口から超音速にて吐出する工程と、
前記出口と前記デフレクタ面との間における超音速から亜音速までの流動移行領域に第1衝撃領域を形成する工程と、
前記デフレクタ面に近接して気体流の第2衝撃領域を形成する工程と、
前記第1および第2衝撃領域の少なくとも一方において前記液体流を前記気体流に混入させて液体−気体流を形成する工程と、
前記液体‐気体流を前記エミッタから外方かつ下方に放出する工程とを含むこととを特徴とする方法。 - 前記液体‐気体流に複数の衝撃波光輝を形成する工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記ノズルから気体流を排出させた後で膨張気体流噴流を形成する工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 199.948kPa(29psia)から413.686kPa(60psia)の圧力で、気体を前記入口に供給する工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 6.89476kPa(1psig)から344.738kPa(50psig)の圧力で、液体を前記ダクトに供給する工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記第2衝撃領域に近接して、前記液体流を前記気体流に混入させる工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記第1衝撃領域に近接して、前記液体流を前記気体流に混入させる工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記液体‐気体流は前記デフレクタ面から離間しない請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記エミッタから気体噴流ノイズ以外の大きな音響エネルギを生じさせない工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記気体流に運動量を生じさせる工程をさらに含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記液体‐気体流は、前記エミッタから457.2ミリメートル(18インチ)の距離で、毎分360メートル(1,200フィート)の速度を有する請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記液体‐気体流は、前記エミッタから2.4メートル(8フィート)の距離で、毎分210メートル(700フィート)の速度を有する請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記デフレクタ面の傾斜部を設けることにより、前記エミッタから所定の先端角を有する流れパターンを形成する工程をさらに含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記気体流と大気との間の圧力差を用いて、該気体流に液体を吸い込む工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記液体を前記気体流に混入させると共に、該液体を直径が20μm未満の滴となるように霧化させる工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 酸素消耗煙層を前記ノズルの出口から吐出された気体流に吸い込むと共に、該煙層を前記エミッタの液体‐気体流に混入させる工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記出口から不活性気体を吐出する工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記出口から不活性気体および化学的活性気体の混合物を吐出する工程を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記気体混合物は空気を含む請求項31に記載の方法。
- 請求項1または12に記載のエミッタの作動方法であって、
前記液体流を出口オリフィスから吐出する工程と、
前記気体流を前記ノズル出口から超音速にて吐出して、前記ノズルから過膨張気体流噴流を形成する工程と、
前記過膨張気体流噴流を前記デフレクタ面の平坦面に衝突させる工程と、
前記液体流を前記過膨張気体流噴流に混入させて液体−気体流を形成する工程と、
前記液体‐気体流を前記エミッタから放出する工程とを含むこととを特徴とする方法。 - 前記出口と前記デフレクタ面との間における超音速から亜音速までの流動移行領域に第1衝撃領域を形成する工程と、
前記デフレクタ面に近接して気体流の第2衝撃領域を形成する工程と、
前記第1および第2衝撃領域の少なくとも一方において前記液体流を前記気体流に混入させて液体−気体流を形成する工程とをさらに含む請求項33に記載の方法。 - 前記エミッタからの前記液体‐気体流に、複数の衝撃波光輝を形成する工程をさらに含む請求項33に記載の方法。
- 酸素消耗煙層を前記ノズルの出口から吐出された気体流に吸い込むと共に、該煙層を前記エミッタの液体‐気体流に混入させる工程を含む請求項33に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US68986405P | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | |
US60/689,864 | 2005-06-13 | ||
US77640706P | 2006-02-24 | 2006-02-24 | |
US60/776,407 | 2006-02-24 | ||
PCT/US2006/023013 WO2006135890A2 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-13 | High velocity low pressure emitter |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008546524A JP2008546524A (ja) | 2008-12-25 |
JP2008546524A5 JP2008546524A5 (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
JP5274250B2 true JP5274250B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
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JP2008517025A Active JP4897805B2 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-13 | 高速低圧エミッタを用いる火災鎮圧システム |
JP2008517024A Active JP5274250B2 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-13 | 高速低圧エミッタ |
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JP2008517025A Active JP4897805B2 (ja) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-06-13 | 高速低圧エミッタを用いる火災鎮圧システム |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
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US (4) | US7726408B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1893305B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP4897805B2 (ja) |
KR (3) | KR101275515B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN101247859B (ja) |
AR (3) | AR057370A1 (ja) |
AU (2) | AU2006257832B2 (ja) |
BR (2) | BRPI0612038B1 (ja) |
CA (2) | CA2611987C (ja) |
ES (2) | ES2418147T3 (ja) |
HK (2) | HK1110250A1 (ja) |
IL (2) | IL187925A (ja) |
MX (2) | MX2007015843A (ja) |
MY (2) | MY146845A (ja) |
NO (2) | NO344063B1 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL1893305T3 (ja) |
SG (2) | SG128596A1 (ja) |
TW (2) | TWI341750B (ja) |
WO (2) | WO2006135890A2 (ja) |
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