JP5248510B2 - 神経伝達物質の鼻腔投与のための徐放性送達システム - Google Patents
神経伝達物質の鼻腔投与のための徐放性送達システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5248510B2 JP5248510B2 JP2009530783A JP2009530783A JP5248510B2 JP 5248510 B2 JP5248510 B2 JP 5248510B2 JP 2009530783 A JP2009530783 A JP 2009530783A JP 2009530783 A JP2009530783 A JP 2009530783A JP 5248510 B2 JP5248510 B2 JP 5248510B2
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Description
(a)少なくとも1種類の活性な神経伝達作用薬と、
(b)少なくとも1種類の親油性またはある程度親油性の担体と、
(c)表面張力低下活性を有する化合物または化合物の混合物と、
を、前記製剤が水と接触する際にエマルションをその場生成するのに有効な量で含む、
製剤が含まれる。
本発明の組成物は、神経伝達物質を含む。定義上、神経伝達物質は、迅速で、短時間の、劇的反応を生じさせる。神経伝達物質は急速に分解し易く、その結果、静止膜電位が回復する。多くの神経伝達物質に共通しているのは、カテコール部分である:
本発明の担体は、本発明のさまざまな構成成分を乳化するか、あるいは支持する働きをする。そのため、担体は、親油性の性質または特徴を有する。好適な油群としては、脂肪酸および鉱物油及び植物油などの油が挙げられる。特に、野菜ストックに由来する脂肪酸および油は、殊のほか有用である。直鎖および分岐鎖の酸および油はいずれも有用であり、これらの酸および油には、さまざまなレベルの飽和度および置換度を有するものが含まれる。中でも、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸、カプロン酸、エナント酸、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸のおよびステアリン酸を含む鎖長のものはすべて、有用な油および酸の部分を示すものである。
本発明の表面活性剤または界面活性剤は、本発明の組成物の表面張力を低下させる働きをする。界面活性剤は、一般に、親水性および親油性の両方の特徴を有する組成物とみなされている。界面活性剤の親油性の特徴は、あったとしてもわずかであろう荷電を有する、ぶら下がり部分の形態をとることが多い。言い換えれば、界面活性剤の親水性の特徴は、荷電される傾向にあり、また、界面活性剤が分類される種類に影響を与える。例えば、本発明に有用な界面活性剤として、非イオン性界面活性剤、陰イオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、および陽イオン性界面活性剤が挙げられる。
「粘性調節剤」という用語は、増粘剤またはゲル化剤を意味するものとする。例としては、限定はしないが、セルロースおよびそれらの誘導体、多糖類、カルボマー、ポリビニル・アルコール、ポビドン、コロイド状二酸化ケイ素、セチルアルコール、ステアリン酸、蜜ろう、ペトロラタム、トリグリセリド、ラノリンなどが挙げられる。好ましい粘性調節剤は、コロイド状二酸化ケイ素である(Degussa 社から市販されるACROSIL 200(登録商標)など)。
一般に、本発明に係る生薬製剤は、以下の従来法によって非常に容易に調製することができる。
本発明のドーパミン(DA)ゲル製剤をラットに経鼻投与し、有効な「強制水泳試験」に用いた。図1に示すように、ドーパミン投与の結果、抗うつに似た効果を示した。図2に示すように、本発明のドーパミン製剤の鼻腔投与後、新線条体および腹側線条体(側坐核)には、強いドーパミン作用が見られる。
Claims (11)
- 鼻腔投与のための製剤であって、
a)ドーパミンと、
b)ヒマシ油、大豆油、ゴマ油、ピーナツ油、オレイン酸エチル、オレイン酸オレイル、ミリスチン酸イソプロピル、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド、脂肪酸のグリセロール・エステル、ポリエチレングリコール、リン脂質、白色軟パラフィン、硬化ヒマシ油、およびそれらの混合物よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの親油性の担体と、
c)該製剤が水と接触する際にエマルションをその場生成するのに有効な量の、レシチン、多価アルコールの脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタンの脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンの脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンの脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖の脂肪酸エステルおよびポリグリセロールの脂肪酸エステルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類の界面活性剤、および/または、ソルビトール、グリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール、マクロゴールグリセロール脂肪酸エステルおよびそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類の湿潤剤を含む、表面張力低下活性を有する化合物または化合物の混合物と、さらに
d)粘性調節剤と、を含むことを特徴とする製剤。 - 前記親油性の担体が油を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
- 前記油が植物油であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の製剤。
- 前記油がヒマシ油であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の製剤。
- 前記成分b)が、製剤の30〜98重量%の量で含まれることを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
- 前記成分c)が、オレオイル・マクロゴールグリセリドまたはオレオイル・マクロゴールグリセリドの混合物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
- 前記成分c)が、該製剤中に、1〜20重量%の量で含まれることを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
- 前記粘性調節剤が、セルロースおよびセルロース誘導体、多糖、カルボマー、ポリビニル・アルコール、ポビドン、コロイド状二酸化ケイ素、セチルアルコール、ステアリン酸、蜜ろう、ペトロラタム、トリグリセリド、ラノリン、およびそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される、増粘剤またはゲル化剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
- 前記粘性調節剤が、コロイド状二酸化ケイ素を含むことを特徴とする請求項8記載の製剤。
- 前記粘性調節剤が、該製剤中に、0.5〜10重量%の量で含まれることを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
- ドーパミンが、該製剤中に、0.2〜6重量%の量で含まれることを特徴とする請求項1記載の製剤。
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