JP5171614B2 - 抗ウイルス剤 - Google Patents
抗ウイルス剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5171614B2 JP5171614B2 JP2008502775A JP2008502775A JP5171614B2 JP 5171614 B2 JP5171614 B2 JP 5171614B2 JP 2008502775 A JP2008502775 A JP 2008502775A JP 2008502775 A JP2008502775 A JP 2008502775A JP 5171614 B2 JP5171614 B2 JP 5171614B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hop
- cold water
- water extract
- influenza virus
- infection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
分け、ふるいを通過しなかった粉砕物を回収すればよい。なお、乾燥ホップ毬花の粉砕物からルプリンの大きさ以下の粉砕物の少なくとも一部が除かれたものの冷水抽出物は、こうして選別された乾燥ホップ毬花の粉砕物を、上述した冷水で抽出する工程で記載した方法で抽出すればよい。
ホップ組織の冷水抽出物の抗ウイルス活性を調べるため、乾燥されたホップ毬花から製造された、ルプリンを豊富に含有するホップペレット(チェコ産ザーツ種:SSAタイプタイプ90)と、ホップペレットの製造過程で副産物として生じ、ルプリンの少なくとも一部が取り除かれた画分であるスペントホップからそれぞれ冷水抽出物(以下、それぞれ「ホップペレット冷水抽出物」及び「スペントホップ冷水抽出物」という)を調製した。まず、ホップを50℃で水分含量が8%になるまで乾燥させ、専用の粉砕機で粉砕し、目開き0.3mmのふるいを通過したホップ組織をホップペレットとし、このふるいを通過しなかった0.3mm以上の組織をスペントホップとした。すなわち、ホップペレットは、ホップ組織の微粉とルプリンを含有する画分であり、ホップ苞は、毬花を構成
する苞葉部分の0.3mm以上の粉砕物であって、ルプリンが取り除かれた画分である。
ホップペレット冷水抽出物及びスペントホップ冷水抽出物は、以下に示すフォーリンチオカルト法に従ってポリフェノール濃度を定量し、この濃度を基準にして、後述する鶏赤血球凝集価測定試験及びインフルエンザウイルスの動物細胞への感染阻害試験を行った。
インフルエンザウイルスは、赤血球凝集素(hemagglutinin;以下、HA)を持っており、このHAによりニワトリの赤血球を凝集させる作用を有している。このため、鶏赤血球凝集反応の有無を調べることにより、検体中のインフルエンザウイルスの有無を判定できる。一方、インフルエンザウイルスのヒト及び動物への感染及び増殖は、ウイルス表面のHAが宿主細胞表面のレセプターに結合することによって始まる。宿主細胞表面に吸着したインフルエンザウイルスはエンドサイトーシスにより細胞内に取り込まれ、細胞内で宿主細胞の翻訳系を利用して増殖し、他の細胞への感染を繰り返す。このため、HAを介したインフルエンザウイルスの動物細胞への結合を抑制すれば、インフルエンザウイルスのヒト及び動物への感染を防止できると考えられている。そこで、ホップ組
織の冷水抽出物に鶏赤血球凝集抑制作用があるかどうかについて、以下の鶏赤血球凝集価測定試験を行って調べた。
ホップペレット冷水抽出物及びスペントホップ冷水抽出物は、上述したように各組織から冷水抽出を行い、凍結乾燥後、所定のポリフェノール濃度となるように0.1%BSA・PBSで溶解して調製した。
図1は、鶏赤血球凝集価測定試験の手順を簡易的に示した図である。まず、96穴マイクロプレートの各ウェルに50μLのインフルエンザウイルス液と50μLの各濃度のホップペレット冷水抽出物、スペントホップ冷水抽出物又は0.1%BSA・PBSとを加えて混合し、室温で1時間反応させた。その後、マイクロピペットにより2倍段階希釈系列(21倍希釈〜215倍希釈)をそれぞれの群について作り、これらに50μLの0.5%(v/v)赤血球浮遊液をそれぞれ加えて室温で1晩静置し、赤血球凝集像の有無を観察した。
ホップ組織の冷水抽出物が、インフルエンザウイルスの動物細胞への感染を阻害するか否かについて、正常イヌ腎臓由来上皮細胞であるMDCK細胞(Madin−Darby canine kidney cells)を用いて調べた。MDCK細胞は、さまざまなウイルスの感染実験に適した細胞であり、インフルエンザウイルスの感染阻害作用の評価に一般的に用いられる細胞である。
MDCK細胞は、37℃、5%のCO2濃度下(CO2インキュベータ中)、5%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)を含有するMEM培地中で培養し、週2回の頻度で継代培養して維持した。インフルエンザウイルスの感染実験には、3×105細胞/mLに調製したMDCK細胞の細胞懸濁液を96ウェルプレートに200μLずつ添加し、3日又は4日間培養して使用した。
図3は、インフルエンザウイルスの動物細胞への感染阻害試験の手順を簡易的に示した図である。まず、25μLのインフルエンザウイルス希釈液(上記のインフルエンザウイルス液を5×104倍希釈)と各濃度のホップペレット冷水抽出物又はスペントホップ冷水抽出物とを96ウェルプレート中で混合し、室温で1時間反応させた(以下、この反応液をウイルス反応液と呼ぶ。)。その後、予め96ウェルプレートで3日間又は4日間培養した上記MDCK細胞からMEM培地を吸引除去し、そこに25μLの上記ウイルス反応液を添加し、37℃のCO2インキュベータ中でさらに1時間反応させた。反応後、各ウェルに200μLの維持培地(0.2%アルブミン、5μg/mLアセチルトリプシンを含むMEM培地)を添加して3日間培養し、この培養上清に鶏赤血球凝集作用があるか否かについて調べた。
1)LC−MSによる分析
スペントホップ冷水抽出物中に含まれるフラボノイド成分を調べるため、以下の条件下で、スペントホップ冷水抽出物のLC−MS分析を行った。
LC−MSの分析条件:
・溶離液:A液 0.05%TFA水溶液、B液 アセトニトリル
・グラジエント条件:0〜16min、B液10%〜50%
・流量:0.2mL/min
・カラム温度:40℃
・カラム:Waters Symmetry C18 2.1×150mm 3.5μm
・マススペクトル:(SIR;m/z197、m/z211、m/z287、m/z303)
まず、400μLのスペントホップ冷水抽出物(20mg/mL)に2mLの2N塩酸を加え、沸騰水浴中で30分間加熱して加水分解した。その後、SepPak C18(Waters社)カラムに吸着する画分を、2mLのメタノールで溶出し、得られたメタノール溶出物をHPLCで分析した。
HPLC分析条件:
・溶離液:A液 10mMリン酸水溶液、B液 アセトニトリル
・グラジエント条件:0〜20min、B液 20%−50%;20〜30min、B液 50%〜100%;30〜40min、B液 100%
・流量:0.2mL/min
・カラム温度:40℃
・カラム:Waters Symmetry C18 2.1×150mm 3.5μm
・検出:UV370nm
ホップ組織の冷水抽出物が、インフルエンザウイルスのマウスへの感染を阻害するか否かについて、BALB/cマウスとインフルエンザウイルスを使用したin vivoの感染実験で調べた。
Claims (4)
- 乾燥されたホップ苞の粉砕物の冷水抽出物を有効成分とする抗インフルエンザウイルス剤であって、前記冷水が0℃超10℃以下である抗インフルエンザウイルス剤。
- 前記乾燥されたホップ苞の粉砕物は、乾燥されたホップ毬花の粉砕物から、ルプリンの大きさ以下の粉砕物の少なくとも一部が除かれたものである、請求項1記載の抗インフルエンザウイルス剤。
- 前記乾燥されたホップ毬花の粉砕物は、乾燥されたホップ毬花の凍結物の粉砕物である、請求項2記載の抗インフルエンザウイルス剤。
- アストラガリン、アストラガリンマロニルグルコシド、イソケルシトリン、イソケルシトリンマロニルグルコシド、ケルセチンマロニルグルコシド、ケンフェロールルチノシド、ケンフェロールマロニルグルコシド、ルチン及びフロロアシルフェノン配糖体からなる群より選ばれるフラボノイド配糖体の少なくとも一つを含有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項記載の抗インフルエンザウイルス剤。
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PCT/JP2007/053538 WO2007099915A1 (ja) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-26 | 抗ウイルス剤 |
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JP2009173583A (ja) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-08-06 | Sapporo Breweries Ltd | IgE抗体産生抑制剤 |
JP2010094064A (ja) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-30 | Sapporo Breweries Ltd | 生地用添加剤及びこれを使用した方法 |
JP5731738B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-27 | 2015-06-10 | サッポロビール株式会社 | 脂肪細胞分化抑制剤 |
JP5456443B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-19 | 2014-03-26 | 株式会社大雄振興公社 | ホップ組成物及びその製造方法 |
WO2014103011A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-03 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 味の締まりが付与された、ノンアルコールのビールテイスト飲料 |
CN103145783A (zh) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-12 | 靖宇县金翔农林生物科技有限公司 | 用返魂草提取异槲皮苷、返魂草甙、返魂草多糖的方法 |
DE102015115876A1 (de) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-23 | Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Medizinische Fakultät | Substanz zur Prophylaxe und Behandlung von Infektionen durch Influenzaviren |
JP2023007737A (ja) | 2021-07-02 | 2023-01-19 | 東洋精糖株式会社 | ウイルスの細胞侵入阻害剤 |
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JPH03101623A (ja) * | 1989-09-14 | 1991-04-26 | Mitsui Norin Kk | インフルエンザウィルス感染予防剤 |
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