JP5145566B2 - 外熱式水素製造装置及びこれを用いた燃料電池発電システム - Google Patents
外熱式水素製造装置及びこれを用いた燃料電池発電システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5145566B2 JP5145566B2 JP2008128416A JP2008128416A JP5145566B2 JP 5145566 B2 JP5145566 B2 JP 5145566B2 JP 2008128416 A JP2008128416 A JP 2008128416A JP 2008128416 A JP2008128416 A JP 2008128416A JP 5145566 B2 JP5145566 B2 JP 5145566B2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 169
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
CH4+H2O=3H2+CO (1)
CH4=2H2+C (2)
Claims (8)
- 改質原料に水蒸気を混合した原料ガスを、外熱にて加熱される改質反応部とシフト反応部とCO酸化部を通過させ、この間の水蒸気改質反応とシフト反応により水素に改質する外熱式水素製造装置において、
改質反応部の上流側に予備改質部を設け、この予備改質部を二重の環状にすると共に、この予備改質部の間の環状の空間内に一端部を改質反応部の下流側に連通させた環状のシフト反応部を設け、
予備改質部の上流側に原料ガス流入管を接続し、シフト反応部の下流側をCO選択酸化部を介して改質ガス排出管に接続してなる
ことを特徴とする外熱式水素製造装置。 - 改質反応部、シフト反応部,CO選択酸化部のそれぞれに環状型のハニカム触媒を用いたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の外熱式水素製造装置。
- 予備改質部が原料ガス流入室からの原料ガスの流れ方向に順に充填した伝熱粒子と予備改質触媒からなり、シフト反応部が改質反応部からの改質ガスの流れ方向から順に装入した高温シフト触媒と低温シフト触媒からなることを特徴とする請求項1,2のいずれか1項記載の外熱式水素製造装置。
- 改質反応部の内側中心部に改質反応に必要な顕熱を供給するためのバーナ部を、改質反応部との間に伝熱粒子を介在させて設けたことを特徴とする請求項1,2,3のいずれか1項記載の外熱式水素製造装置。
- 改質反応部の周囲にバーナ部からの燃焼ガスが通る蒸発室を設け、この蒸発室内に蒸発器を内装し、この蒸発器にて発生した水蒸気を改質原料ガスに混合して原料ガスとすることを特徴とする請求項1,2,3,4のいずれか1項記載の外熱式水素製造装置。
- CO選択酸化触媒の上流側に酸化用ガスを流入するミキサを設けたことを特徴とする請求項1,2,3,4,5のいずれか1項記載の外熱式水素製造装置。
- 酸化用ガス流入用のミキサとCO選択酸化触媒の間に流水式の冷却器を設け、この冷却器の下流側を改質反応部の蒸発室内に設けた蒸発器の入口側に接続したことを特徴とする請求項6記載の外熱式水素製造装置。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか1項記載の外熱式水素製造装置の改質ガス出口管を燃料電池の燃料供給部に接続したことを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。
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JP2008128416A JP5145566B2 (ja) | 2008-05-15 | 2008-05-15 | 外熱式水素製造装置及びこれを用いた燃料電池発電システム |
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JP2009274919A JP2009274919A (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
JP5145566B2 true JP5145566B2 (ja) | 2013-02-20 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP6436693B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-16 | 2018-12-12 | 大日機械工業株式会社 | 水素ステーション用水素製造システム |
JP6944349B2 (ja) | 2017-11-09 | 2021-10-06 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | 水素発生装置 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2646101B2 (ja) * | 1988-01-12 | 1997-08-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料改質装置 |
JP2733308B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-01 | 1998-03-30 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 水素を主成分とする改質ガスを製造する装置および方法 |
DE19754013C2 (de) * | 1997-12-05 | 2000-10-26 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Wasserdampfreformierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs |
WO2002025762A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Dispositif de reformage de combustible destine a des piles a combustible a haut polymere solide |
JP4128804B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-05 | 2008-07-30 | 荏原バラード株式会社 | 燃料改質器 |
JP4520100B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-20 | 2010-08-04 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 水素製造装置および燃料電池システム |
JP4486832B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-20 | 2010-06-23 | 株式会社ティラド | 水蒸気改質システム |
JP2005239525A (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | T Rad Co Ltd | 水蒸気改質装置 |
JP2006096623A (ja) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 加熱脱硫器一体型一次改質器 |
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