JP5122651B2 - 鉛電池の充電状態の見積方法 - Google Patents
鉛電池の充電状態の見積方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5122651B2 JP5122651B2 JP2010528493A JP2010528493A JP5122651B2 JP 5122651 B2 JP5122651 B2 JP 5122651B2 JP 2010528493 A JP2010528493 A JP 2010528493A JP 2010528493 A JP2010528493 A JP 2010528493A JP 5122651 B2 JP5122651 B2 JP 5122651B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003556 H2 SO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
- G01R31/379—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator for lead-acid batteries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Rは、一般気体定数:R=8.314472JK−1mol−1であり、
Tは、ケルビン温度であり、
Fは、ファラデー定数であり、
aH2SO4とaH2Oとは、それぞれH2SO4とH2Oとの化学活量(chemical activity)を示す。
aHSO4− cellとaHSO4- REとは、それぞれ、鉛電池中と、基準電極中と、のHSO4−の化学活量であり、
ΔE0は、負極の標準化学ポテンシャル(standard electrochemical potential)と、基準電極と、の間の差であり、
Ejは、例えば、基準電極と電池電極との間の液間ポテンシャルであるといった、接合ポテンシャル(junction potential)である。
Claims (11)
- 一体型液間基準電極(5)を備える鉛電池(1)の充電状態の見積方法であって、少なくとも1つのカットオフ期間の間、前記基準電極(5)と電池負端子(2)との間の開路電圧差(V−)を測定することを備える見積方法において、
カットオフに先立って前記電池を流れる電流(I)の符号を判定すること、及び、前記符号に応じて充電校正曲線又は放電校正曲線(C1、C2、D1、D2)における前記開路電圧差(V−)に基づいて、充電状態(SOC)を見積もることをさらに備え、
前記充電校正曲線又は放電校正曲線は、校正手続によりあらかじめ決定されている、
ことを特徴とする見積方法。 - 前記符号の判定は、前記電池負端子(2)にシリーズに接続されたシャント(R)の電圧(VR)の前記符号を測定することを備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記カットオフ期間は、少なくとも5分の期間を持つことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記基準電極は、Ag/Ag2SO4、Hg/Hg2SO4、又は、Cu/CuSO4の基準電極であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記校正手続は、前記負端子(2)の複数の温度のそれぞれについての充電校正曲線及び放電校正曲線のペア(C、D)を決定することを備え、さらに、前記方法は、前記負端子の温度を測定することを備え、前記見積は、測定された前記温度と関連する前記充電校正曲線及び放電校正曲線のペアに基づいて行われることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記校正手続は、それぞれ、高、中、低の充電状態である少なくとも3つの校正ポイントと、二次方程式である前記校正曲線の係数を計算することと、を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記高、中、低の充電状態は、それぞれ、80から85%、43から47%、5から10%である充電状態に対応することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- 測定された前記開路電圧差の絶対値(|V−|)が、100%の充電状態を示す前記充電校正曲線の対応する電圧差の絶対値を超えた場合、水分損失(WL)を見積もることを備え、前記水分損失は、前記絶対値の差の関数であることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記絶対値の差の1mV増加は、4.2%の相対的水分損失、又は、0.0098の電解質の比重の増加、と等しいことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 放電及び充電のそれぞれの終止時における第1及び第2の充電状態の値(SOCappch、SOCappdsch)を決定することを備え、前記第1の充電状態の値と前記第2の充電状態の値との間の差は、見積もられた前記電池の健康状態(SOH)を示すことを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の充電状態の値(SOCappch、SOCappdsch)は、1から3日以内、又は、1から3充電/放電サイクル以内に、測定されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2007/004169 WO2009047581A1 (en) | 2007-10-10 | 2007-10-10 | Method of estimation of the state of charge of a lead-acid battery |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2011501120A JP2011501120A (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
JP5122651B2 true JP5122651B2 (ja) | 2013-01-16 |
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JP2010528493A Expired - Fee Related JP5122651B2 (ja) | 2007-10-10 | 2007-10-10 | 鉛電池の充電状態の見積方法 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7795874B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2198474B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5122651B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101362488B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101821896B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2007359887B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0722159A2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2391992T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2198474T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009047581A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201001947B (ja) |
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JP6260812B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-05 | 2018-01-17 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電池残存容量推定装置、電池残存容量判定方法及び電池残存容量判定プログラム |
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2007
- 2007-10-10 JP JP2010528493A patent/JP5122651B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-10-10 BR BRPI0722159-2A patent/BRPI0722159A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-10-10 CN CN2007801010649A patent/CN101821896B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-10-10 PL PL07859234T patent/PL2198474T3/pl unknown
- 2007-10-10 WO PCT/IB2007/004169 patent/WO2009047581A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-10-10 US US12/679,446 patent/US7795874B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-10-10 AU AU2007359887A patent/AU2007359887B2/en not_active Ceased
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KR20100071060A (ko) | 2010-06-28 |
AU2007359887B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
PL2198474T3 (pl) | 2012-12-31 |
US7795874B1 (en) | 2010-09-14 |
EP2198474B1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
ZA201001947B (en) | 2010-12-29 |
US20100213946A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
AU2007359887A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
WO2009047581A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
EP2198474A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
KR101362488B1 (ko) | 2014-02-13 |
ES2391992T3 (es) | 2012-12-03 |
CN101821896A (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
JP2011501120A (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
CN101821896B (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
BRPI0722159A2 (pt) | 2014-03-18 |
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