JP5101115B2 - 毛髪化粧料 - Google Patents
毛髪化粧料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5101115B2 JP5101115B2 JP2007010081A JP2007010081A JP5101115B2 JP 5101115 B2 JP5101115 B2 JP 5101115B2 JP 2007010081 A JP2007010081 A JP 2007010081A JP 2007010081 A JP2007010081 A JP 2007010081A JP 5101115 B2 JP5101115 B2 JP 5101115B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hair
- oil
- mass
- component
- soluble
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003676 hair preparation Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 6
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Triacontane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940032094 squalane Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010019049 Hair texture abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMMXZLMYEUEJFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C DMMXZLMYEUEJFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008266 hair spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011929 mousse Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylundecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)C GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIVPNOBLHXUKDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CCOC(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C UIVPNOBLHXUKDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-1-piperidin-4-ylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CC(O)CN1C1CCNCC1 HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019489 Almond oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000195955 Equisetum hyemale Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061508 Eriobotrya japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009008 Eriobotrya japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutylhexyl Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)C SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWFGDXZQZYMSMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecansaeure-heptadecylester Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC GWFGDXZQZYMSMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000115721 Pennisetum typhoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007195 Pennisetum typhoides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001125046 Sardina pilchardus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008515 Setaria glauca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JBBRZDLNVILTDL-XNTGVSEISA-N [(3s,8s,9s,10r,13r,14s,17r)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2r)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] 16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)C[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]1CC=C1[C@]2(C)CC[C@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C)C1 JBBRZDLNVILTDL-XNTGVSEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFCGDEUVHLPRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethyl(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl]oxy-dimethyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C YFCGDEUVHLPRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008168 almond oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940089116 arnica extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012185 ceresin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940119217 chamomile extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020221 chamomile extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940073724 cholesteryl isostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940105039 coconut extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037308 hair color Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020721 horse chestnut extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isododecane Natural products CC(C)(C)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100554 isononyl isononanoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940119170 jojoba wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940059453 millet extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940078812 myristyl myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NKBWPOSQERPBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NKBWPOSQERPBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940092258 rosemary extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020748 rosemary extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001233 rosmarinus officinalis l. extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940112950 sage extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020752 sage extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940030961 sorghum extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001430 tilia cordata extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Description
(A) 以下の一般式(1)で表されるジメチルポリシロキサン
(B) 炭化水素油、エステル油又は動植物油であって融点が30℃以上の油剤
(C) 揮発性溶剤
表2に示す組成の毛髪化粧料を常法により調製し、得られた毛髪化粧料について、以下の方法で評価した。結果を表2に併せて示す。
(評価方法)
1)評価毛束
パーマ、ヘアカラー等の化学処理を行っていない日本人女性の毛髪を用いて、長さ25cm、重さ6gの毛束を作り、ブリーチ処理(花王社、プリティア ハッピーファンタジーブリーチ ハイブリーチ使用)を2回行い、評価毛束とした。
2)毛束の処理
評価毛束をシャンプー(花王社、ピュール地肌クレンジングシャンプー)し、タオルドライした後、処理剤0.2gを均一に塗布し、70℃の温風で3分間乾燥させた。
3)評価基準
専門パネラー5名により、表1に示す基準に従って官能評価を行い、評価点の平均値を求めた。得られた平均点に対応した以下の評価を表2に示した。
◎:平均点4以上5以下。
〇:平均点3以上4未満。
△:平均点2以上3未満。
×:平均点1以上2未満。
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007010081A JP5101115B2 (ja) | 2007-01-19 | 2007-01-19 | 毛髪化粧料 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007010081A JP5101115B2 (ja) | 2007-01-19 | 2007-01-19 | 毛髪化粧料 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008174496A JP2008174496A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
JP5101115B2 true JP5101115B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
Family
ID=39701787
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007010081A Active JP5101115B2 (ja) | 2007-01-19 | 2007-01-19 | 毛髪化粧料 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP5101115B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5763922B2 (ja) | 2009-01-30 | 2015-08-12 | 高級アルコール工業株式会社 | 油性毛髪化粧料 |
US8562957B2 (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2013-10-22 | Kokyu Alcohol Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Oily hair cosmetics |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3023183B2 (ja) * | 1990-12-26 | 2000-03-21 | 鐘紡株式会社 | 毛髪化粧料 |
JPH11286420A (ja) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-19 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 毛髪化粧料 |
JP2003212739A (ja) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-30 | Arimino Kagaku Kk | 整髪料組成物 |
JP4129377B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2008-08-06 | ホーユー株式会社 | 整髪剤組成物 |
JP2004143088A (ja) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-05-20 | Kose Corp | 毛髪化粧料 |
JP2005002037A (ja) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-06 | Mandom Corp | 非洗浄型透明毛髪処理剤 |
JP2005179337A (ja) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-07-07 | Kose Corp | 毛髪化粧料 |
JP4473589B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-20 | 2010-06-02 | 花王株式会社 | 毛髪化粧料 |
JP2006028112A (ja) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-02-02 | Kanebo Ltd | 毛髪化粧料 |
JP2006069981A (ja) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Kao Corp | 毛髪化粧料 |
-
2007
- 2007-01-19 JP JP2007010081A patent/JP5101115B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008174496A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106170319B (zh) | 包括含聚合物的颗粒的组合物和分散体 | |
JP5121316B2 (ja) | 整髪用油性化粧料 | |
JP7004601B2 (ja) | 油性毛髪化粧料 | |
BR112016026117B1 (pt) | método e aditivo para aumento da substantividade de uma composição, método de preparação de uma composição emulsificada e emulsificante para a preparação de uma emulsão estável | |
PT96352B (pt) | Processo para a preparacao de uma composicao aperfeicoada para tratamento capilar | |
JP5086019B2 (ja) | ヘアコンディショニング組成物 | |
JPH04108725A (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JP5783666B2 (ja) | 頭髪用化粧料 | |
CN109640943A (zh) | 含有玫瑰果油的头发造型组合物及其用途 | |
JP5101115B2 (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JP2006265205A (ja) | ヘアコンディショニング組成物 | |
JP5727855B2 (ja) | まつ毛化粧料 | |
JP2005239557A (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JP7335171B2 (ja) | 油性毛髪化粧料 | |
JP6913613B2 (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JPH01175923A (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JP6197394B2 (ja) | 速乾性ヘアオイル | |
JP7233168B2 (ja) | 皮膚用組成物、及び皮膚処理方法 | |
JP2006028153A (ja) | 乳化型整髪料組成物 | |
JP6717774B2 (ja) | 非水系毛髪化粧料および毛髪処理方法 | |
JP7553938B2 (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JP2003212739A (ja) | 整髪料組成物 | |
JP2008143869A (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 | |
JP7460107B2 (ja) | 多剤式毛髪化粧料、および毛髪処理方法 | |
JP7160336B2 (ja) | 毛髪化粧料 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20091207 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110922 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111018 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120717 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120829 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120918 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120926 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151005 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R151 | Written notification of patent or utility model registration |
Ref document number: 5101115 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151005 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |