JP4995076B2 - Gsk−3阻害剤 - Google Patents
Gsk−3阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4995076B2 JP4995076B2 JP2007506716A JP2007506716A JP4995076B2 JP 4995076 B2 JP4995076 B2 JP 4995076B2 JP 2007506716 A JP2007506716 A JP 2007506716A JP 2007506716 A JP2007506716 A JP 2007506716A JP 4995076 B2 JP4995076 B2 JP 4995076B2
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- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000014621 translational initiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IHIXIJGXTJIKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium vanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O IHIXIJGXTJIKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、酵素阻害剤、より詳しくは、グリコーゲンシンターゼキナーゼ3β、GSK−3の複素環式阻害剤、このような化合物の製造方法、それらを含んでなる医薬組成物、およびアルツハイマー病または非インスリン依存性真性糖尿病などの、GSK−3が関与する疾病の治療および/または予防のためのそれらの使用に関する。
近年、新規な治療薬の探索は、標的とする疾病に関連する酵素およびその他の生体分子の構造の理解の深まりに大いに助けられてきた。包括的研究の対象となっている重要な酵素種の1つがタンパク質キナーゼである。多くの疾病が、タンパク質キナーゼが介在する事象によって誘発される異常な細胞応答に関連している。これらの疾病として、自己免疫疾患、炎症性疾患、神経疾患および神経変性性疾患、癌、心血管疾患、アレルギーおよび喘息、アルツハイマー病またはホルモン関連疾患がある。従って、治療薬として有効なタンパク質キナーゼ阻害剤を見出すべく、医化学分野で多大な努力がなされてきた。
本発明者らの分子モデリング結果と理論のいくつかを利用して、本発明者らは、グルタチオンやBSA(ウシ血清アルブミン)などのチオール含有生体分子に対して極めて安定な第二世代2,4−二置換チアジアゾリジノン(TDZD)をデザインおよび合成した。驚くことに、これらの化合物はまた、極めて好適な薬剤特性、特に経口バイオアベイラビリティと血液脳関門浸透性も備えたものであった。
R1は、CまたはOから選択される少なくとも8個の原子を有する有機基であって、この有機基は−C(O)−を介してNと直接結合しておらず、かつ、少なくとも1つの芳香環を含み、
Ra、Rb、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6は水素、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アルケニル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクリル、−COR7、−C(O)OR7、−C(O)NR7R8−C=NR7、−CN、−OR7、−OC(O)R7、−S(O)t−R7、−NR7R8、NR7C(O)R8、−NO2、−N=CR7R8またはハロゲンから独立に選択され、
tは0、1、2または3であり、
R7およびR8はそれぞれ独立に水素、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アルケニル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクリル、置換もしくは非置換アルコキシ、置換もしくは非置換アリールオキシ、ハロゲンから選択され、
ここで、RaおよびRbは一緒になって基=Oを形成することができ、RaR2、R2R3、R3R4、R4R5、R5R6、R6RbまたはR7R8のいずれかの対は一緒になって環状置換基を形成することができる]
で示される化合物、またはその医薬上許容される塩、プロドラッグもしくは溶媒和物を対象とする。
特定の実施形態では、R1がナフチル基である化合物が好ましく、R1がα−ナフチル基であれば最も好ましい。
もう1つの好ましい化合物種としては、TDZDの4位の置換基が非置換ベンジル基であるものである。
さらにもう1つの態様において、本発明は、適当なベンジルイソチオシアネートを式R1−N=C=Oのイソシアネートと反応させることによる、上記式Iの化合物の製造方法を対象とする。
本発明の典型的な化合物はGSK−3βを選択的に阻害し、PKA、PKC、CK−2およびCdK2などの他のタンパク質キナーゼを阻害せず、その影響をなくすことができる。さらにこれらの化合物は、グルタチオンやウシ血清アルブミンなどのモデルタンパク質と有意な結合をせず、このことは血漿中でのそれらの安定を十分に示すものである。これらの化合物はまた、実施例によって実証されるように、良好な吸収と血液脳関門浸透性を示す。
式(I)の化合物の上記定義において、次の用語は以下に示す意味を有する。
「アルコキシカルボニル」とは、式−C(O)ORa(ここで、Raは上記で定義したようなアルキル基である)の基を意味し、例えば、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、プロポキシカルボニルなどがある。
「アミノ」とは、式−NH2、−NHRaまたは−NRaRb(ここで、RaおよびRbは上記定義の通りである)の基を意味する。
「カルボキシ」とは、式−C(O)OHの基を意味する。
「縮合アリール」とは、別の環と縮合したアリール基、特にフェニルまたはヘテロアリール基を意味する。
「ハロアルキル」とは、上記定義にような1以上のハロ基によって置換されている上記定義のようなアルキル基を意味し、例えば、トリフルオロメチル、トリクロロメチル、2,2,2−トリフルオロエチル、1−フルオロメチル−2−フルオロエチルなどがある。
R1として使用可能な代表的置換基としては、次のものがある。
TDZDの4位の置換基に関しては、RaおよびRbがHであるのが好ましい。
これらの反応生成物は所望により、結晶化、クロマトグラフィーおよびトリチュレーションなどの常法によって精製してもよい。
本発明のもう1つの実施形態では、式(I)の化合物またはそれらの医薬組成物、例えば経口形は糖尿病の処置のために用いられる。
本発明のもう1つの実施形態では、式(I)の化合物またはそれらの医薬組成物、例えば経口形は脳損傷の処置のために用いられる。
好ましい実施形態では、これらの医薬組成物は経口形である。経口投与に好適な投与形は錠剤およびカプセル剤であってよく、結合剤、例えば、シロップ、アラビアガム、ゼラチン、ソルビトール、トラガカントガム、もしくはポリビニルピロリドン;増量剤、例えば、ラクトース、糖類、トウモロコシデンプン、リン酸カルシウム、ソルビトールもしくはグリシン;錠剤滑沢剤、例えば、ステアリン酸マグネシウム;崩壊剤、例えば、デンプン、ポリビニルピロリドン、グリコール酸ナトリウムデンプンもしくは微晶質セルロース;またはラウリル硫酸ナトリウムなどの医薬上許容される湿潤剤といった当技術分野で公知の通常の賦形剤を含み得る。
本発明の化合物または組成物の投与は、静脈注入、経口製剤ならびに腹腔内および静脈内投与などのいずれの好適な方法によるものでもよい。経口投与は患者および処置する多くの疾病の慢性特性にとって便宜なものである。
以下の実施例により本発明をさらに説明する。これらの実施例は請求項で定義された本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
一般実験法:
ヘキサン、エーテルまたはTHF中、ベンジルイソチオシアネートおよび各場合に示されているイソシアネートの溶液に、窒素下、好ましくは低温、好ましくは約5℃で攪拌しながら塩化スルフリルを滴下する。添加が終わったところで、その混合物を室温で20時間攪拌する。その後、得られた生成物を、吸引濾過または溶媒蒸発により単離し、次いで、再結晶または適当な溶出剤を用いるシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行う。さらに詳しいことは、Slomczynska, U.; Barany, G., “Efficient Synthesis of 1,2,4-Dithiazolidine-3,5-diones (Dithiasuccinoyl-amines) and observations on formation of 1,2,4-Thiadiazolodoine-3,5-dion by related Chemistry”, J. Heterocyclic Chem., 1984, 21, 241-246に見出すことができる。
2−フェネチル−4−ベンジル−(1,2,4)チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(1)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジル−イソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、フェネチルイソシアネート(6.5mmol、0.89mL)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.52mL)。単離:溶媒蒸発。精製:シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(AcOEt/ヘキサン、1:4)。
収量:1.5g(74%)、黄色油状物。
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 2.9 (t, 2H, CH2CH2Ph, J=7.2 Hz); 3.9 (t, 2H, CH2CH2Ph, J=7.2 Hz); 4.8 (s, 2H, CH2Ph); 7.2-7.4 (m, 10 H, 芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 34.9 (CH2CH2Ph); 4.9 (CH2CH2Ph); 46.2 (CH2Ph); 126.9; 128.5; 128.6; 136.6 (C 芳香族CH2Ph); 128.1; 128.6; 128.6; 135.0 (C 芳香族 CH2CH2Ph); 152.6 (3-C=O); 165.6 (5-C=O)。
分析(C17H16N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル−2−ナフタレン−1−イル−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(2)
試薬:ヘキサン(50mL)中、ベンジル−イソチオシアネート(13mmol、1.72mL)、1−ナフチル−イソシアネート(13mmol、1.9mL)およびSO2Cl2(13mmol、1.04mL)。単離:反応混合物の濾過。精製:EtOHからの再結晶化。
収量:3.8g(87%)、白色針状結晶。融点=150℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 4.9 (s, 2H, CH2Ph); 7.3-7.9 (m, 12H, 芳香族.)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 46.5 (CH2Ph); 128.3; 128.6; 129.0; 135.0 (C 芳香族, Ph); 122.0; 125.3; 126.8; 127.2; 127.5; 128.5; 130.8; 134.4 (C 芳香族, ナフチル); 152.2 (3-C=O); 165.9 (5-C=O)。
分析(C19H14N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
2−(1−アダマンチル)−4−ベンジル−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(3)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、1−アダマンチル−イソシアネート(6.5mmol、1.15g)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.52mL)。単離:溶媒蒸発。精製:シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(AcOEt/ヘキサン、1:4)。収量:0.89g(40%)、黄色結晶。融点=128.8℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 1.7 (m, 6H, アダマンチル); 2.2 (m, 3H, アダマンチル); 2,3 (m, 6H, アダマンチル); 4.8 (s, 2H, CH2Ph); 7.2-7.4 (m, 5H, 芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 29.9; 30.0; 35.9; 41.0; 60.0 (C アダマンチル); 45.3 (CH2Ph); 127.8; 128.5; 128.6; 135.4 (C 芳香族)。
分析(C19H22N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル−2−(4−メチル−ベンジル)−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(4)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、4−メチルベンジル−イソシアネート(6.5mmol、0.90mL)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.52mL)。単離:反応混合物の濾過。精製:MeOHからの再結晶化。
収量:0.95g(48%)、白色固体。融点=69.1℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 2.4 (s, 3H, CH3); 4.7 (s, 2H, CH2-Ph); 4.8 (2H, s, CH2-Ph); 7.2 (s, 4H, 芳香族); 7.2-7.5 (m, 5H, 芳香族)。
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 21.3 (CH3); 45.9 (CH2Ph); 48.5 (CH2Ph); 128.1; 128.6; 128.7; 135.0 (C 芳香族); 128.4; 129.5; 131.1; 138.6 (C 芳香族); 152.8 (3-C=O); 165.7 (5-C=O)。
分析(C17H16N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル2−((3,4−メチレンジオキシ)フェニル)−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(5)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、3,4−(メチレンジオキシ)フェニル−イソシアネート(6.5mmol、1.06mL)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.52mL)。単離:反応混合物の濾過。精製:MeOHからの再結晶化。
収量:1.4g(66%)、白色固体。融点=126.5℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 4.9 (s, 2H, CH2Ph); 6.0 (s, 2H, O-CH2-O); 6.7-7.0 (m, 3H, 芳香族); 7.3-7.5 (m, 5H, 芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 46.2 (CH2Ph); 128.2; 128.6; 129.0; 134.9 (C 芳香族); 101.8 (O-CH2-O); 106.4; 108.3; 118.2; 129.0; 148.1; 146.8 (C 芳香族); 151.2 (3-C=O); 164.9 (5-C=O)
分析(C16H12N2O4S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル−2−ジフェニルメチル−1,2,4−チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(6)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、ジフェニルメチル−イソシアネート(6.5mmol、1.23mL)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.52mL)。単離:反応混合物の濾過。精製:MeOHからの再結晶化。
収量:1.79g(80%)、白色固体。融点=111.5℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 4.85 (s, 2H,CH2Ph); 6.8 (s, 1H, Ph-CH-Ph); 7.2-7.4 (m, 15 H, 芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 45.9 (CH2Ph); 61.6 (Ph-CH-Ph); 128.0; 128.6; 128.7; 135.0 (C 芳香族); 128.1; 128.5; 128.5; 137.5 (2xPh); 152.6 (3-C=O); 165.8 (5-C=O)
分析(C22H18N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル−2−(4−メトキシベンジル)−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(7)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、p−メトキシベンジル−イソシアネート(6.5mmol、0.92mL)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.52mL)。単離:溶媒蒸発。精製:シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(AcOEt/ヘキサン、1:4)。収量:1.30g(61%)、黄色がかった固体。融点=86.4℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 3.8 (s, 3H, CH3); 4.7 (s, 2H, CH2-Ph-OMe); 4.8(s, 2H, CH2-Ph); 7.2-7.4 (m, 5H, 芳香族); 6.8 (d, 2H, J=8.6 Hz); 7.2 (d, 2H, J=8.6 Hz)(芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 45.9 (CH2-Ph); 48.2 (CH2-Ph-OMe); 55.2 (O-CH3); 128.0; 129.8; 128.4; 135.0 (C 芳香族-Ph); 126.2; 128.5; 114.2; 159.7 (C 芳香族 Ph-OMe); 152.7 (3-C=O); 165.6 (5-C=O)。
分析(C17H13N2O3S), C, H, N, S
4−ベンジル−2−(2−tert−ブチル−6−メチル−フェニル)−(1,2,4)チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(8)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(15mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(3.5mmol、0.45mL)、2−tert−ブチル−6−メチルイソシアネート(3.5mmol、662.5mg)およびSO2Cl2(3.5mmol、0.25mL)。単離:溶媒蒸発。精製:シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(AcOEt/ヘキサン、1:10)。収量:0.17g(14%)、褐色固体。融点=89.8℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 1.4 (s, 9H, C(CH3)3); 2.1 (s, 3H, CH3); 4.9 (2d, 2H, CH2-Ph, J= 6.3 Hz); 7.1-7.5 (m, 8H, 芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 17.8 (CH3); 31.9 (C(CH3)); 35.9 (C(CH3)); 46.2 (CH2-Ph); 126.1; 128.6; 128.5; 135.1 (C 芳香族-Bn); 131.5; 150.4; 139.4; 128.1; 129.5; 129.9 (C 芳香族-Ph); 152.4 (3-C=O); 165.7 (5-C=O)
分析(C20H22N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル−2−(2−ベンジル−フェニル)−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(9)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(25mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(6.5mmol、0.85mL)、2−ベンジルフェニル−イソシアネート(6.5mmol、0.82mL)およびSO2Cl2(6.5mmol、0.5mL)。単離:反応混合物の濾過。精製:EtOHからの再結晶化。
収量:1.50g(62%)、白色固体。融点=154.9℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 3.9 (s, 2H, Ph-CH2-Ph); 4.86 (s, 2H, CH2Ph); 6.9-7.5 (m, 14 H,
芳香族) 13C-RMN (CDCl3): 38.1 (Ph-CH2-Ph); 46.1(CN2-Ph); 135.1; 128.5; 128.6; 129.2 (C-Bn); 138.9; 129.9; 131.6; 128.4; 127.9; 133.1 (Ph-CH2-Ph); 140.9; 128.7; 128.6; 126.4 (Ph-CH2-Ph); 151.2 (3-C=O); 166.0 (5-C=O)
分析(C22H18N2O2S), C, H, N, S。
4−ベンジル−2−(4−フェノキシフェニル)−[1,2,4]チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(10)
試薬:ジエチルエーテル(50mL)中、ベンジルイソチオシアネート(13mmol、1.6mL)、4−フェノキシフェニル−イソシアネート(13mmol、2.3mL)およびSO2Cl2(13mmol、1mL)。単離:反応混合物の濾過。精製:EtOHからの再結晶化。
収量:4.12g(84%)、白色固体。融点=88.8℃
1H-RMN (CDCl3): 4.92 (s, 2H, CH2Ph); 7.0-7.6 (m, 14 H, 芳香族)
13C-RMN (CDCl3): 46.1 (CH2Ph); 134.9; 128.7; 129.1; 128.3 (CH2-Ph); 130.1; 125.7; 119.2; 156.3 (Ph-O-Ph); 156.3; 119.1; 129.8; 123.8 ( Ph-O-Ph); 151.1 (3-C=O); 165.0 (5-C=O)
分析(C21H16N2O3S), C, H, N, S。
実施例11
GSK−3βの阻害
GSK−3β活性は、対応する試験化合物の存在下および不在下で組換えヒトGSK−3酵素、リン酸基供給源およびGSK−3基質の混合物をインキュベートし、この混合物のGSK−3活性を測定することにより求めた。
IC50(50%の酵素阻害を示す濃度)値を表1にまとめる。
GSHおよびBSAとの結合
サンプル調製
これらの化合物(検量線用溶液1mM)を室温にて30分間、当モル濃度(1mM)のグルタチオン(Sigma)およびウシ血清アルブミン(画分V)(Sigma)とともにインキュベートした。その後、この溶液を濾過し、HPLC−UV/MSで分析した。
HPLCは、分析的分離のため、ならびにUVおよび質量測定のために用いる2996フォトダイオードアレイおよびZQ2000質量分析計を備えたWaters Alliance 2695を用い、シンメトリーC18(2.1×150mm、3.5μm)で行った。溶出に用いた勾配は次の通りであった。
1=ベンゾイルを有する化合物はアッセイ中に分解され、従って、式Iの化合物よりもはるかに性能が悪かった。
経口投与および静脈投与後の脳浸透性
この試験はスペインのCIDA S.A.L., Sta Perpetua de Mogola (Barcelona)で行った。
本試験の目的は化合物2(R1=α−ナフチル)の薬物動態挙動と経口投与および静脈投与双方の後の脳組織におけるその蓄積を調べることであった。
本試験にはスペインのCharles River研究室から入手したC57/BL6マウス(15〜30g)を用いた。総てのマウスに乾燥ペレット状の標準マウス食を自由に摂らせた。水も自由に摂ることができた。処置前4時間は動物を絶食させたが、水は自由摂取とした。投与2時間後に餌を与えた。
試験結果の要約を表3に示す。
Claims (33)
- 一般式(I)
R1は、
Ra、Rb、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6は水素、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アルケニル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクリル、−COR7、−C(O)OR7、−C(O)NR7R8−C=NR7、−CN、−OR7、−OC(O)R7、−S(O)t−R7、−NR7R8、NR7C(O)R8、−NO2、−N=CR7R8またはハロゲンから独立に選択され、
ここで、RaおよびRbは一緒になって基=Oを形成することができ、RaR2、R2R3、R3R4、R4R5、R5R6、R6RbまたはR7R8のいずれかの対は一緒になって環状置換基を形成することができ、
tは0、1または2であり、
R7およびR8はそれぞれ独立に水素、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、置換もしくは非置換シクロアルキル、置換もしくは非置換アルケニル、置換もしくは非置換アリール、置換もしくは非置換ヘテロシクリル、置換もしくは非置換アルコキシ、置換もしくは非置換アリールオキシ、およびハロゲンから選択される]
で示される化合物、またはその医薬上許容される塩、もしくは溶媒和物。 - RaおよびRbが双方ともHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2、R3、R4、R5、およびR6が水素、置換もしくは非置換アルキル、COR7、−C(O)OR7、−OR7、−NR7R8またはハロゲンから独立に選択される(ここで、R7およびR8は請求項1で定義された通りである)、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2、R3、R4、R5、およびR6がHである、請求項3に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物、またはその医薬上許容される塩、もしくは溶媒和物と医薬上許容される担体、アジュバントまたはビヒクルを含んでなる、医薬組成物。
- 経口投与用の、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- 薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項で定義された化合物の使用。
- 薬剤がGSK−3介在疾病または症状の治療を目的としたものである、請求項18に記載の使用。
- 疾病または症状が糖尿病、糖尿病関連症状;慢性神経変性症状;神経外傷性疾患;癲癇;気分障害;脳卒中後の機能回復の促進;孤立性脳アミロイドアンギオパチーによる脳出血;脱毛症;肥満症;アテローム性動脈硬化症性心血管疾患;高血圧症;多嚢胞性卵巣症候群;X症候群;虚血;脳損傷;白血病;ダウン症候群;レビー小体病;炎症;癌および過剰増殖性疾患;および免疫不全である、請求項19に記載の使用。
- 慢性神経変性症状が痴呆、筋萎縮性側索硬化症および多発性硬化症からなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 痴呆がアルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、進行性核上麻痺、亜急性硬化性汎脳炎性パーキンソン症候群、脳炎後パーキンソン症候群、拳闘脳炎、グアムパーキンソン症候群‐痴呆合併症、ピック病、皮質基底変性症、前頭側頭性痴呆、ハンチントン病およびAIDS関連痴呆から選択される、請求項21に記載の使用。
- 神経外傷性疾患が急性脳卒中である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 気分障害が鬱病、精神分裂症および双極性障害から選択される、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 脳損傷が外傷性脳損傷である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 炎症が慢性炎症性疾患である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 過剰増殖性疾患が過形成である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 疾病がアルツハイマー病である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 疾病がII型糖尿病である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 疾病が鬱病である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 疾病が脳損傷である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 疾病が進行性核上麻痺である、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項で定義された式(I)の化合物を含んでなる、GSK−3阻害剤。
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