JP4977474B2 - アルミニウムケイリン酸塩ガラス - Google Patents
アルミニウムケイリン酸塩ガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JP4977474B2 JP4977474B2 JP2006547578A JP2006547578A JP4977474B2 JP 4977474 B2 JP4977474 B2 JP 4977474B2 JP 2006547578 A JP2006547578 A JP 2006547578A JP 2006547578 A JP2006547578 A JP 2006547578A JP 4977474 B2 JP4977474 B2 JP 4977474B2
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- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003286 fusion draw glass process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 rare earth cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003283 slot draw process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005090 crystal field Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003280 down draw process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005816 glass manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/097—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12597—Noncrystalline silica or noncrystalline plural-oxide component [e.g., glass, etc.]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Claims (6)
- 酸化物基準のバッチから、質量パーセントで計算して、30〜75%のP2O5、2〜52%のSiO2、8〜35%のAl2O3 、を含みかつ1.3と4.0の間のP/Al原子比を有するアルカリ金属不含有の基礎組成を有し、
600℃より高い歪み点、および25から500℃の温度範囲に亘り25〜55×10 -7 /℃の線熱膨張係数を有するフラット・パネル・ディスプレイ装置用基板。 - 650℃以上の歪み点を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の基板。
- 700℃以上の歪み点を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の基板。
- 2.5g/cm未満の密度を有することを特徴とする請求項1から3いずれか1項記載の基板。
- 酸化物基準の質量パーセントで計算して、15%未満の改質酸化物を少なくとも一種類さらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1から4いずれか1項記載の基板。
- 前記改質酸化物が、合計で10質量%を超えない量で、CaO、La2O3、MgO、SrO、Sb2O5、BaO、Y2O3、ZrO2、およびB2O3からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項5記載の基板。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US53378403P | 2003-12-31 | 2003-12-31 | |
US60/533,784 | 2003-12-31 | ||
PCT/US2004/043967 WO2005066087A2 (en) | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-29 | Aluminum silicophosphate glasses |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007516933A JP2007516933A (ja) | 2007-06-28 |
JP4977474B2 true JP4977474B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
Family
ID=34748962
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006547578A Active JP4977474B2 (ja) | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-29 | アルミニウムケイリン酸塩ガラス |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7189672B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1730084B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4977474B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101043181B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1902139B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI298316B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005066087A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004106251A1 (ja) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-09 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | ディスプレイ基板用ガラス板 |
JP5327702B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-21 | 2013-10-30 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | ガラス基板の製造方法 |
US8187715B2 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2012-05-29 | Corning Incorporated | Rare-earth-containing glass material and substrate and device comprising such substrate |
US8713967B2 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2014-05-06 | Corning Incorporated | Stable glass sheet and method for making same |
US8497018B2 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2013-07-30 | Applied Thin Films, Inc. | High temperature stable amorphous silica-rich aluminosilicates |
WO2010131659A1 (ja) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-18 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 固体撮像素子パッケージ用カバーガラス |
US9240568B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2016-01-19 | Corning Incorporated | Opal glasses for light extraction |
US9527767B2 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2016-12-27 | Corning Incorporated | Alkali-free phosphoborosilicate glass |
CN111971257A (zh) | 2018-03-28 | 2020-11-20 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 具有低介电损耗的硼磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷 |
KR20210096140A (ko) | 2018-11-26 | 2021-08-04 | 오웬스 코닝 인텔렉츄얼 캐피탈 엘엘씨 | 향상된 탄성 계수를 갖는 고성능 섬유 유리 조성물 |
CA3117986A1 (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-04 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | High performance fiberglass composition with improved specific modulus |
CN111732336B (zh) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-08-02 | 东旭光电科技股份有限公司 | 玻璃用组合物、铝硅酸盐玻璃及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113248140A (zh) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-13 | 南通腾峰光学仪器有限公司 | 一种高折射率红外光学玻璃及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE461041A (ja) * | 1941-09-15 | |||
GB576205A (en) * | 1944-04-26 | 1946-03-22 | Arthur Abbey | Improved glass composition and method of producing same |
US3236662A (en) * | 1962-03-19 | 1966-02-22 | Corning Glass Works | Semicrystalline body and method of making it |
BE757057A (fr) * | 1969-10-06 | 1971-04-05 | Corning Glass Works | Procede et appareil de controle d'epaisseur d'une feuille de verre nouvellement etiree |
SU547403A1 (ru) * | 1975-10-07 | 1977-02-25 | Рижский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт | Стекло |
DE2754190C2 (de) * | 1977-12-06 | 1979-12-06 | Refratechnik Gmbh, 3400 Goettingen | Phosphatglas im System Al2 O3 -SiO2 -P2 O5, Verfahren und Gemenge zu seiner Herstellung sowie Verwendung des Glases und des Gemenges |
JPS5777045A (en) * | 1980-10-28 | 1982-05-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Glass containing phosphate |
JPS61215233A (ja) * | 1985-03-19 | 1986-09-25 | Hoya Corp | 珪燐酸塩レ−ザ−ガラス |
US4634683A (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1987-01-06 | Corning Glass Works | Barium and/or strontium aluminosilicate crystal-containing glasses for flat panel display devices |
US4634684A (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1987-01-06 | Corning Glass Works | Strontium aluminosilicate glass substrates for flat panel display devices |
DE4035362A1 (de) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-14 | Licentia Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen einer fluessigkristall-anzeigevorrichtung |
US5227343A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1993-07-13 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Near infrared screening filter glass |
US5374595A (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-12-20 | Corning Incorporated | High liquidus viscosity glasses for flat panel displays |
US5326730A (en) * | 1993-01-22 | 1994-07-05 | Corning Incorporated | Barium aluminosilicate glasses |
JP3034427B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-20 | 2000-04-17 | 株式会社オハラ | モールドプレス用低温軟化性光学ガラス |
US5607886A (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1997-03-04 | Kabushiki Kaisya Ohara | Optical glass for mold pressing having softening capability at low temperature |
US5968857A (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 1999-10-19 | Corning Incorporated | Glass-ceramics |
DE69915428T2 (de) * | 1998-10-27 | 2005-02-17 | Corning Inc. | Glaskeramiken mit niedriger Ausdehnung |
JP4547093B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-30 | 2010-09-22 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | フラットパネルディスプレイ用ガラス |
JP3941321B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-21 | 2007-07-04 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | ガラス組成物及びその混合体、並びにそれを用いたペースト、グリーンシート、絶縁体、誘電体、厚膜及びfpd |
DE19934072C2 (de) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-06-13 | Schott Glas | Alkalifreies Aluminoborosilicatglas, seine Verwendungen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US6555232B1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-04-29 | Corning, Incorporated | High strain point glasses |
CN1450010A (zh) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-22 | 碧悠国际光电股份有限公司 | 光学玻璃 |
-
2004
- 2004-12-29 EP EP04815955.2A patent/EP1730084B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-12-29 CN CN2004800391654A patent/CN1902139B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-29 WO PCT/US2004/043967 patent/WO2005066087A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-12-29 KR KR1020067015402A patent/KR101043181B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-12-29 JP JP2006547578A patent/JP4977474B2/ja active Active
- 2004-12-30 US US11/026,364 patent/US7189672B2/en active Active
- 2004-12-30 TW TW093141928A patent/TWI298316B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1730084B1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
US7189672B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 |
TWI298316B (en) | 2008-07-01 |
KR101043181B1 (ko) | 2011-06-20 |
EP1730084A2 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
TW200533624A (en) | 2005-10-16 |
JP2007516933A (ja) | 2007-06-28 |
CN1902139A (zh) | 2007-01-24 |
WO2005066087A3 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
WO2005066087A2 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
KR20060129347A (ko) | 2006-12-15 |
CN1902139B (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
US20050170199A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
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