JP4921968B2 - 凹凸構造を有する電解質シート - Google Patents
凹凸構造を有する電解質シート Download PDFInfo
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- JP4921968B2 JP4921968B2 JP2006518615A JP2006518615A JP4921968B2 JP 4921968 B2 JP4921968 B2 JP 4921968B2 JP 2006518615 A JP2006518615 A JP 2006518615A JP 2006518615 A JP2006518615 A JP 2006518615A JP 4921968 B2 JP4921968 B2 JP 4921968B2
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Description
(i)3マイクロメートル乃至30マイクロメートルの間の平均厚さと少なくとも2マイクロメートルの厚さ斑とを有している厚さが非均一の薄い電解質シートと、
(ii)該電解質シートの第1の表面上に配置された少なくとも1つのカソードと、
(iii)該カソードとは反対側の該電解質シートの第2の表面上に配置された少なくとも1つのアノードと、を含む。
上記したこれらの薄くて凹凸構造を有する電解質シートは、固体酸化物燃料電池の製造において、有効に使用され得る。従って、本発明のある実施例によれば、燃料電池の固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ50は、(a)3マイクロメートル乃至30マイクロメートルの間の平均厚さを有する、厚さが非均一の薄いセラミック電解質シート10と、(b)電解質シート10の第1の表面20の上に配置された少なくとも1つのカソード52と、(c)電解質シート10の第2の表面22の上でカソード52とは反対側に配置された少なくとも1つのアノード54と、を含み、電解質シート10は少なくとも2マイクロメートルの厚さ変化を有する。かかるアセンブリは、図5A及び図5Bに示されている。
実施例1‐セラミックスリップの準備
セラミックスリップは、次の表1に示された成分を用いて100gのジルコニア粉を含めて作製される。
本発明は、以下の実施例によって更に明確にされる。
図9Aは、本発明の電解質シートのある実施例を示している。図9Bは、図9Aの電解質シートの断面図である。当該実施例の電解質シート10は、凹凸構造を有する2つの表面20,22を備えている。かかる電解質シートは、以下のようにして作製された。
出願人は、正味の機械的特性を改善するために、パターンの形状により電解質の厚さを調整することが望ましいということも発見した。まず、厚さが均一な電解質の場合について考慮する。電極小片(strips)間の空間(すなわち、バイアギャラリー55)において(バイア群および/又はバイアパッド群に対応する)印刷された材料が少ない場合、該バイアギャラリーは電極領域に比べて比較的「強度」が小さくなる。該装置が屈曲した場合において、該バイアギャラリー領域は、該電極領域に比べて相対的に屈曲自在でありかつ相対的に短い曲率半径を有することから、応力集中を受け易い。この場合において、バイア群(すなわちスルーホール群)を含む電極間の領域における応力集中を回避したい故、該電解質シートの全体においてより均一な可撓性が望まれている。したがって、バイアギャラリー領域における厚さをより大とすることは、該電解質シートに対してより均一な屈曲性を提供するという点で、有利になる。
図12は、凹凸構造を有する表面20を備えた電解質シート10の他の実施例を示している。表面20は、複数の直線形の凹部または溝を含む。これらの特徴は、幅3マイクロメートルおよび深さ3マイクロメートルであり、3マイクロメートルだけ離されている。電解質シート10の非溝部分は、厚さ15マイクロメートルである。該溝は、電解質の平均厚さを1.5マイクロメートル(10%)だけ低減させ、凹凸構造を有する領域において表面積を2倍(100%)に増加させる。
75ミクロン厚のマイラー(登録商標)基板キャリアが、離型剤として1マイクロメートル未満の薄いメチルセルロースの層で被覆され、65℃で1/2時間よりも長時間にわたって乾燥された。その後、12.5マイクロメートル若しくは25マイクロメートルのクリアランスのドクターブレードを用いて、該メチルセルロース層の上に、アクリル樹脂層が設けられ、65℃で1/2時間よりも長時間にわたって乾燥された。鋭利な刃(エグザクトナイフ(exacto knife)若しくはレーザーブレード等)を用いて、図14Aに示されたものと同様のパターンが該アクリル層に作製された。最終的な電解質シートの厚い領域と一致するパターンの領域は、該アクリルの層が慎重に剥された該マイラー(登録商標)基板上の領域であった。第2のメチルセルロース層が、パターンが形成された該アクリル層および該基板キャリアに設けられて乾燥された。12.5マイクロメートル若しくは25マイクロメートルの隙間のテープ成形ドクターブレードを用いて、セラミックスリップが、未焼成のプレセラミックシートを形成するために、該基板キャリア上のパターン形成されたアクリル樹脂を覆うように供給された。未焼成のプレセラミック層が乾燥された後、第2のアクリル層(オーバーコート)が該未焼成のプレセラミックシートを覆うように供給された。オーバーコートを乾燥した後、アクリル樹脂のオーバーコートを有する未焼成のプレセラミックシートがマイラー(登録商標)基板キャリアから除去された。(該第2のアクリル樹脂層は、該メチルセルロース層から分離する(引き剥がす)ことができるように、未焼成シートの支持体となる。)薄い若しくは厚い部分を有する未焼成のプレセラミックシートは、1430℃の雰囲気で2時間にわたって焼結されて、薄い部分と厚い部分とを有する密度が高い可撓性のセラミックシート10が得られた。かかるセラミックシートの表面プロファイルはSEMおよび表面プロファイルモーター(profilimoter)を用いて測定され、薄い領域は厚い領域に比べて数マイクロメートルから10マイクロメートルほど薄くなっていることが観察された。図14Bに示されたものと同様の電解質シートパターンが使用されても良い。
濾過されて空気が「清浄な」環境において、テープが平坦なガラス基板の上に配置された。25マイクロメートル厚のテフロン(登録商標)基板キャリアが、ガラス基板の上に配置されて、しわが形成されることを回避するために平坦にされた。50ミクロンの隙間のテープ成形「ドクター」ブレードを使用して、セラミック/ポリマー(ジルコニア‐3モル%イットリア粉)の40インチ(101.6cm)x6インチ(15.24cm)のシートが該テフロン(登録商標)基板キャリアの上に供給された。該セラミック層は、該セラミックシートの6インチ(15.24cm)端部において略2mmの隙間を有するものの長手端部において隙間がないプラスチックカバーの下で、室温で1/2時間にわたって乾燥された。第2に、それが、60℃のオーブンで1時間にわたって乾燥された。上記した組成のアクリル樹脂層が乾燥後のセラミックの上部に7インチ(4.46cm)幅で25マイクロメートルの隙間のブレードを用いて作製された。該アクリル樹脂が室温で1/2時間乾燥され、その後60℃で1時間乾燥され、アクリル樹脂でオーバーコートされた該未焼成セラミックがテフロン(登録商標)キャリアから除去された。薄い及び厚い領域を有する該未焼成セラミックシートが1430℃で2時間にわたって焼結された。焼結後、薄い及び厚い層は、焼結シートの透明度によって、容易に観察された。SEM観察によって、厚い領域の厚さが26ミクロンであり、薄い領域の厚さが15ミクロンであることが判った。
燃料電池に使用される場合、電解質シートは、一般的に、燃料流に比べて非常に速い空気流を用いて動作される。これによって、空気から燃料電池アセンブリへと十分な量の酸素が供給される。該空気流は、電解質シートの中間領域により大きな応力を発生させる。
Claims (11)
- モノリシックな電解質シートと、
前記電解質シートの両面に配置されていてかつ少なくとも1つのセルを形成する少なくとも1つのアノード及び少なくとも1つのカソードと、を含み、
前記電解質シートは、(i)複数の凹部及び凸部を備えた凹凸構造を有する表面を含んでいて前記電解質シートの最も薄い部分が前記電解質シートの最も厚い部分に比べて少なくとも0.5マイクロメートル厚くなっている厚さが非均一な非孔質の物体を有し、かつ(ii)0.5オーム/cm2以下のオーム抵抗を有する、ことを特徴とする固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ。 - 前記シートの最も厚い部分が前記シートの最も薄い部分に比べて少なくとも2マイクロメートル厚いことを特徴とする請求項1記載の固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ。
- 前記電解質シートは5マイクロメートルよりも大でありかつ100マイクロメートル未満の平均厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ。
- 前記平均厚さが45マイクロメートルであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1つに記載の固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ。
- 前記凹凸構造を有する表面が周期的に配置された凹部を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1つに記載の固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ。
- 前記電解質は少なくとも2マイクロメートルの厚さ変化を有し、前記固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリは600℃‐800℃の温度範囲内で動作することができて、前記固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリは、更に
前記電解質シートの第1の表面に配置された複数のカソードと、
前記電解質シートの前記カソードとは反対側の第2の表面に配置された複数のアノードと、を含み、前記カソード及び前記アノードが複数のセルを形成する、ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の固体酸化物電極電解質アセンブリ。 - 前記電解質シートは、Y,Ce,Ca,Mg,Sc,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu,In,Ti,Sn,Nb,Ta,Mo,Wおよびこれらの混合物の酸化物からなる群から選択されたドーパントが添加されている、部分安定化ジルコニア若しくは安定化ジルコニアからなる群から選択される多結晶セラミックからなるセラミックシートであり、前記平均電解質シート厚さが3乃至30マイクロメートルの間にあることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至6のいずれか1つに記載の電極電解質アセンブリ。
- 少なくとも1つの前記セルは0.32W/cm2を越える電力密度を有し、前記温度範囲で動作された場合に少なくとも1つの前記セルは0.32W/cm2を越える電力密度を提供することを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載の電極電解質アセンブリ。
- (a)少なくとも0.5マイクロメートルの厚さ変化を有する凹凸構造を有する未焼成のプレセラミックシートを作製する工程と、
(b)複数の凹部及び凸部を備えた凹凸構造を有する表面を含む非孔質のモノリシックな電解質シートが形成されるように、前記凹凸構造を有する未焼成プレセラミックシートを焼成する工程と、を含み、
前記電解質シートの最も厚い部分が前記電解質シートの最も薄い部分に比べて少なくとも0.5マイクロメートル厚いことを特徴とする電解質シートの製造方法。 - 前記未焼成シートおよび作製された電解質シートは少なくとも2マイクロメートルの厚さ変化を有することを特徴とする請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記凹凸構造を有する未焼成のプレセラミックシートを作製する工程は少なくとも一方が凹凸構造を有するローラーを用いて前記未焼成のプレセラミックシートに凹凸構造を設ける工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
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EP1645007A2 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
US20040265664A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
EP1645007B1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
US20070273070A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
CA2530572A1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
US7531261B2 (en) | 2009-05-12 |
US20040265663A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
CN1816937A (zh) | 2006-08-09 |
WO2005006464A2 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
US7947213B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 |
WO2005006464A3 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
JP2007519176A (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
CN1816937B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
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