JP4888821B2 - 両性高分子架橋体及び製造方法 - Google Patents
両性高分子架橋体及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4888821B2 JP4888821B2 JP2004002539A JP2004002539A JP4888821B2 JP 4888821 B2 JP4888821 B2 JP 4888821B2 JP 2004002539 A JP2004002539 A JP 2004002539A JP 2004002539 A JP2004002539 A JP 2004002539A JP 4888821 B2 JP4888821 B2 JP 4888821B2
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- Prior art keywords
- vinyl monomer
- containing vinyl
- water
- amphoteric polymer
- mol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 15
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- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/34—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F228/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur
- C08F228/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur by a bond to sulfur
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Description
1.塩基性ビニル単量体として三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体、酸性ビニル単量体としてカルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体及びスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体を必須成分として共重合せしめてなり、純水に対する吸収性能が50倍以上かつ1.0mol/LのCaCl2水溶液に対する吸収性能が10倍以上であり、かつ、三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体、カルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体及びスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体のそれぞれのモル数をA、B及びCモルとした時、以下の式を満足することを特徴とする両性高分子架橋体。
0.1≦B/(B+C)≦0.9
0.1≦C/(B+C)≦0.9
0.4≦(B+C)/(A+B+C)≦0.6
0.4≦A/(A+B+C)≦0.6
2.塩基性ビニル単量体として三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体、酸性ビニル単量体としてカルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体及びスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体を必須成分として、該単量体を予め混合、中和反応させた後に共重合せしめることを特徴とする1に記載の両性高分子架橋体の製造方法。
3.1記載の両性高分子架橋体を10〜90重量%含有することを特徴とする水膨潤シート。
4.1記載の両性高分子架橋体を5〜60重量%含有することを特徴とする水膨潤ゴム。
0.1≦B/(B+C)≦0.9
0.1≦C/(B+C)≦0.9
0.4≦(B+C)/(A+B+C)≦0.6
0.4≦A/(A+B+C)≦0.6
さらに好適にはC/(A+B+C)>0.05が採用される。
ここでB/(B+C)が0.1未満、C/(B+C)が0.9よりも多い場合あるいは、B/(B+C)が0.9よりも多く、C/(B+C)が0.1未満である場合は純水吸収性能、塩水吸収性能共に低くなる傾向にある。
(吸収倍率:倍)= (W2-W1)/W1
また1.0mol/LのCaCl2水溶液吸収倍率は、試料を浸漬する溶液を純水から1.0mol/LのCaCl2水溶液に変更した以外は純水吸収倍率の測定方法と同じである。
攪拌機、還流冷却管、温度計、窒素ガス導入管を付した1L反応槽に水を400g入れ300rpmで攪拌しながら70℃に昇温する。純水200gに三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体としてジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを129.4g(0.823mol)、カルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体としてアクリル酸を53.2g(0.738mol)、スルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体として2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を17.2g(0.084mol)入れて中和反応を行いフィード単量体水溶液とする。過硫酸アンモニウム1gを純水99gに溶解してフィード開始剤水溶液とする。ピロ亜硫酸ソーダ0.5gを純水99.5gに溶解してフィード還元剤水溶液とする。フィード単量体水溶液、フィード開始剤水溶液、フィード還元剤水溶液を各々送液ポンプを使用して2時間で70℃に保温している反応槽へフィードする。フィード完了時点からさらに1時間70℃で保温し重合反応を完了させ両性高分子水溶液を得た。両性高分子水溶液を20重量%に調整し、両性高分子重量に対して0.1重量%に相当する架橋剤:エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテルを溶解し、ポリエチレン製平板の上に広げて80℃乾燥し、両性高分子架橋体を得た。該両性高分子架橋体の純水、1.0mol/L
CaCl2の吸収倍率を測定した結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを122.9g(0.782mol)、アクリル酸を44.9g(0.623mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を32.2g(0.156mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを111.2g(0.707mol)、アクリル酸を30.5g(0.423mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を58.3g(0.283mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを101.5g(0.646mol)、アクリル酸を18.5g(0.257mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を80.0g(0.388mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを93.5g(0.595mol)、アクリル酸を8.5g(0.118mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を98.0g(0.475mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを89.9g(0.572mol)、アクリル酸を4.1g(0.057mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を106.0g(0.514mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを116.0g(0.738mol)、アクリル酸を21.7g(0.301mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を62.3g(0.302mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを96.1g(0.611mol)、アクリル酸を26.9g(0.373mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を77.0g(0.373mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを138.0g(0.878mol)、アクリル酸を62.0g(0.860mol)、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を0gに変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを86.6g(0.551mol)、アクリル酸を0g、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を113.4g(0.550mol)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
CaCl2の吸収倍率を図2に示す。図1から本発明が推奨する0.1≦C/(B+C)≦0.9の範囲では純水吸水性能は飛躍的に向上している。また図2から1.0mol/L
CaCl2の吸収倍率も純水と同様に本発明が推奨する範囲では飛躍的に性能が向上することが分かる。
実施例1のうちジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートを0g、アクリル酸を200g、2−アクリルアミド―2―メチルプロパンスルホン酸を0gに変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例3で得られた両性高分子水溶液を20重量%に調整し、両性高分子重量に対して0.5重量%に相当する架橋剤:エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテルを溶解した処理液を作成した。基材となる不織布を本処理液中に浸漬後、引き上げて絞った後に重量を測定すると基材不織布重量に対して11.7倍重量の処理液が付着していた。その後、本試料を50℃で乾燥することで水分除去と架橋反応を行い水膨潤シートを得た。使用した基材不織布は構成:ポリエステル5.5dtex100%、目付:150[g/m2]、厚み:3.5mm、製造方法:ニードルパンチ品を使用した。該水膨潤シートの純水、1.0mol/L CaCl2の吸収倍率を測定した結果を表2に示す。
実施例9のうち基材を親水性発泡ウレタンシート(目付:130[g/m2]、厚み:10mm)に変更した以外は実施例9と同様の操作をしたときの結果を表1に示す。
実施例3で得られた両性高分子水溶液を20重量%に調整し、両性高分子重量に対して0.5重量%に相当する架橋剤:エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテルを溶解したものを卓上スプレードライヤーにて噴霧乾燥することで2〜30μmの両性高分子架橋体粒子を得た。該両性高分子架橋体粒子の純水、1.0mol/L
CaCl2の吸収倍率を測定した結果を表2に示す。
実施例11で得られた両性高分子架橋体粒子を生ゴム重量に対して30重量%添加、ニーダーで混合した後、加硫操作を行い水膨潤性ゴムを得た。該水膨潤ゴムの純水、1.0mol/L
CaCl2の吸収倍率を測定した結果を表2に示す。
CaCl2吸収性能を併せ持つことが分かる。実施例6は純水吸収性能が若干低いがそれでも高い純水吸収性能と高い1.0mol/L
CaCl2吸収性能を併せ持っている。特に従来の両性高分子架橋体である比較例1、2と比較すると酸性ビニル単量体をカルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体とスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体併用に切り替えることで純水吸水性能は飛躍的に向上し、1.0mol/L
CaCl2吸収性能もある程度向上していることがわかる。またアニオン系吸水性ポリマーである比較例3は純水吸水性能は非常に高いが、従来の吸水性ポリマーの課題である塩水吸収性能が殆ど発現されていない。
CaCl2吸収性能を併せ持つ粒子、シート、ゴムが製造可能であることを示している。
Claims (4)
- 塩基性ビニル単量体として三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体、酸性ビニル単量体としてカルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体及びスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体を必須成分として共重合せしめてなり、純水に対する吸収性能が50倍以上かつ1.0mol/LのCaCl2水溶液に対する吸収性能が10倍以上であり、かつ、三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体、カルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体及びスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体のそれぞれのモル数をA、B及びCモルとした時、以下の式を満足することを特徴とする両性高分子架橋体。
0.1≦B/(B+C)≦0.9
0.1≦C/(B+C)≦0.9
0.4≦(B+C)/(A+B+C)≦0.6
0.4≦A/(A+B+C)≦0.6 - 塩基性ビニル単量体として三級アミノ基含有ビニル単量体、酸性ビニル単量体としてカルボキシル基含有ビニル単量体及びスルホン酸基含有ビニル単量体を必須成分として、該単量体を予め混合、中和反応させた後に共重合せしめることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の両性高分子架橋体の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載の両性高分子架橋体を10〜90重量%含有することを特徴とする水膨潤シート。
- 請求項1記載の両性高分子架橋体を5〜60重量%含有することを特徴とする水膨潤ゴム。
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