JP4807478B2 - 膀胱排尿筋収縮および尿道括約筋弛緩作用を有する化合物 - Google Patents
膀胱排尿筋収縮および尿道括約筋弛緩作用を有する化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4807478B2 JP4807478B2 JP2011503274A JP2011503274A JP4807478B2 JP 4807478 B2 JP4807478 B2 JP 4807478B2 JP 2011503274 A JP2011503274 A JP 2011503274A JP 2011503274 A JP2011503274 A JP 2011503274A JP 4807478 B2 JP4807478 B2 JP 4807478B2
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- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium peroxymonosulfate Chemical compound [K+].OOS([O-])(=O)=O OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluenesulfonate group Chemical class C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)[O-])C LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006000 trichloroethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/26—Radicals substituted by sulfur atoms
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/426—1,3-Thiazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/40—Cyclodextrins; Derivatives thereof
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
- A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
- A61K47/6951—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/36—Sulfur atoms
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- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/56—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Medical Informatics (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Description
また、本発明化合物が、膀胱排尿筋および尿道括約筋に作用し、膀胱排尿筋の収縮力を高め、他方、尿道括約筋は弛緩させること、さらにこの両方の作用によって、膀胱収縮障害や尿道弛緩障害を改善しうること、またさらに、例えば、筋原性、薬剤性、加齢等による低活動膀胱に対して有効性を示すことは、何処にも記載も示唆もされていない。また、本発明化合物が、泌尿器系、循環器系および消化器系の副作用リスクが少なく、さらに経口吸収性、代謝安定性および薬効持続性等の薬物動態にも優れていることは記載も示唆もされていない。
1. 一般式(I)
等に関する。
(1) 2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、
(2) 2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、または
(3)2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4R)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸
が好ましい。中でも、実施例17に記載されている、2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸(化合物17)が好ましい。
ジアステレオマーとしては、例えば、以下の化合物
本発明化合物は、公知の方法、例えば、国際公開第2005/053707号パンフレット、国際公開第2006/129788号パンフレット、Synlett 2002, No.1, 239-242またはComprehensive Organic Transformations : A Guide to Functional Group Preparations, 2nd Edition (Richard C. Larock, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1999)に記載された方法、以下に示す方法、または実施例に示す方法等を適宜改良し、組み合わせて用いることで製造することができる。
で示される化合物と一般式(III)
(1)アルカリ加水分解による脱保護反応、
(2)酸性条件下における脱保護反応、
(3)加水素分解による脱保護反応、
(4)シリル基の脱保護反応、
(5)金属を用いた脱保護反応、
(6)金属錯体を用いた脱保護反応等が挙げられる。
(1)アルカリ加水分解による脱保護反応は、例えば、有機溶媒(例えば、メタノール、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等)中、アルカリ金属の水酸化物(例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウム等)、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物(例えば、水酸化バリウム、水酸化カルシウム等)または炭酸塩(例えば、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム等)あるいはその水溶液もしくはこれらの混合物を用いて、約0〜40℃の温度で行なわれる。
本発明化合物の副作用は非常に低いものであり、医薬として使用するために十分安全である。
本発明化合物は、膀胱排尿筋と尿道括約筋という、低活動膀胱に関係する二つの平滑筋に対して作用し、膀胱排尿筋の収縮力を高め、他方、尿道括約筋は弛緩させるという特徴を有するものである。一般的に、平滑筋に作用する薬物は、収縮を促すものであれば何処の平滑筋に対しても収縮を、弛緩を促すものであれば何処の平滑筋に対しても弛緩を誘導するものであり、本発明化合物のように、ある平滑筋には収縮を促し、同時に別の平滑筋には弛緩を促すという薬物は類を見ない。
例えば、吸入用液剤の場合には、防腐剤(塩化ベンザルコニウム、パラベン等)、着色剤、緩衝化剤(リン酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム等)、等張化剤(塩化ナトリウム、濃グリセリン等)、増粘剤(カルボキシビニルポリマー等)、吸収促進剤等を必要に応じて適宜選択して調製される。
NMRの箇所に示されているカッコ内は測定に使用した溶媒を示す。
4,5,5−トリフルオロペント−4−エノイン酸(CAS No. 110003-22-0(5.0 g))の塩化メチレン(64 mL)溶液に、冷水浴中でN,O−ジメチルヒドロキシアミン塩酸塩(3.5 g)、1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(6.9 g)およびトリエチルアミン(9.2 mL)を加え、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液を濃縮し、酢酸エチルで希釈した。希釈液を1N塩酸、水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(6.4 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.50 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 2.51 - 2.77 (m, 4H), 3.19 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H)。
リチウム ヘキサメチルジシラジド/テトラヒドロフラン溶液(1 M、48 mL)に−78℃で酢酸エチル(4.8 mL)をゆっくりと滴下し、30分撹拌した。反応溶液に、化合物1(6.4 g)の無水テトラヒドロフラン(33 mL)溶液を同温度でゆっくりと滴下し、30分撹拌した。反応溶液に2N塩酸(30 mL)を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=20:1→15:1)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(4.94 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.63 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.29 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 2.50 - 2.71 (m, 2H), 2.83 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 4.21 (q, 2H)。
水素化ホウ素リチウム(1.4 g)に化合物2(4.71 g)のtert−ブチル メチル エーテル(52 mL)溶液を氷冷下でゆっくりと滴下し、室温で4時間撹拌した。反応溶液を氷冷下で飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(3.87 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.31 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=2:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.66 - 1.83 (m, 4H), 2.17 - 2.66 (m, 2H), 3.71 - 4.06 (m, 3H)。
化合物3(3.87 g)をトルエン(50 mL)および2N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(50 mL)に溶解し、テトラブチルアンモニウムブロミド(700 mg)およびトシルクロリド(4.10 g)を氷冷下で加え、30分撹拌した。反応溶液に1−フェニル−1H−テトラゾール−5−チオール(4.60 g)を加え、60℃で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液を水に注ぎ、tert−ブチル メチル エーテルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=4:1→7:3)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(5.43 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.37 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=2:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.64 - 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.88 - 2.02 (m, 2H), 2.31 - 2.61 (m, 2H), 3.34 - 3.88 (m, 3H), 7.46 - 7.69 (m, 5H)。
化合物4(2.18 g)のアセトニトリル(32 mL)溶液に、臭化カリウム(830 mg)、2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン 1−オキシル(199 mg)および次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液(10 %、6.1 mL)を氷冷下で加え、2時間撹拌した。同温度で反応溶液に飽和チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(2.17 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.50 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 2.48 - 2.77 (m, 4H), 3.14 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.57 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 7.54 (s, 5H)。
化合物5(2.17 g)の無水テトラヒドロフラン(22 mL)の溶液に、メチルマグネシウムブロミド/ジエチルエーテル溶液(3.0 M、4.2 mL)を−78℃で加え、同温度で30分、氷冷下で30分撹拌した。反応溶液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を氷冷下で加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を、水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=7:3)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(1.88 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.39 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.29 (s, 3H), 1.69 - 1.92 (m, 2H), 1.99 - 2.19 (m, 2H), 2.30 - 2.59 (m, 2H), 3.33 - 3.67 (m, 2H), 7.42 - 7.70 (m, 5H)。
化合物6(1.84 g)のメタノール(26 mL)溶液に、七モリブデン酸六アンモニウム四水和物(318 mg)および過酸化水素水(30 %、1.8 mL)を氷冷下で加え、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液に氷冷下で飽和チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を、水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(2.0 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.41 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.30 (s, 3H), 1.69 - 1.86 (m, 2H), 2.06 - 2.24 (m, 2H), 2.30 - 2.57 (m, 2H), 3.80 - 4.00 (m, 2H), 7.51 - 7.78 (m, 5H)。
化合物7(2.0 g)のジメチルホルムアミド(11 mL)溶液に、イミダゾール(524 mg)およびトリメチルシリルクロリド(0.79 mL)を氷冷下で加え、室温で5時間撹拌した。反応溶液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=9:1)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(2.16 g)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.72 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 0.15 (s, 9H), 1.35 (s, 3H), 1.66 - 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.96 - 2.19 (m, 2H), 2.25 - 2.46 (m, 2H), 3.74 - 3.88 (m, 2H), 7.56 - 7.67 (m, 3H), 7.68 - 7.74 (m, 2H)。
エチル 2−({2−[(1R,2S,5S)−2−(アセチルオキシ)−5−(ヒドロキシメチル)シクロペンチル]エチル}チオ)−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボキシラート(国際公開第2006/129788号パンフレット記載の化合物7(500 mg))のジメチルスルホキシド(4.0 mL)/酢酸エチル(8.0 mL)溶液に、トリエチルアミン(3.7 mL)および三酸化硫黄・ピリジン錯体(1.7 g)を10℃で加え、室温で30分撹拌した。反応溶液に1N塩酸を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(497 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.27 (ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=2:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.32 - 1.49 (m, 3H) 1.78 - 2.15 (m, 9H) 2.35 - 2.51 (m, 1H) 2.69 - 2.84 (m, 1H) 3.10 - 3.31 (m, 2H) 4.32 - 4.48 (m, 2H) 5.29 - 5.37 (m, 1H) 8.02 (s, 1H) 9.67 (d, J=2.74 Hz, 1H)。
化合物8(1.13 g)の1,2−ジメトキシエタン(8.0 mL)溶液に、カリウム ヘキサメチルジシラジド/トルエン溶液(0.5 M、4.8 mL)を−78℃でゆっくり滴下した。同温度で30分撹拌後、反応溶液に化合物9(461 mg)の1,2−ジメトキシエタン(5.0 mL)溶液を同温度でゆっくり滴下した。同温度で30分撹拌後、0℃に昇温し、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えて、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=8:1)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(703 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.71 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:2);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 0.10 (s, 9H), 1.39 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.49 - 2.48 (m, 17H), 3.10 - 3.40 (m, 2H), 4.40 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 5.18 - 5.53 (m, 3H), 8.02 (s, 1H)。
化合物10(703 mg)のエタノール(6.0 mL)溶液に2N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(2.4 mL)を氷冷下で加え、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液に同温度で1N塩酸を加え、30分撹拌した。反応溶液に水を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(538 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.21 (酢酸エチル:メタノール=5:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.19 (s, 3H), 1.32 - 1.50 (m, 2H), 1.61 - 1.92 (m, 4H), 1.94 - 2.56 (m, 8H), 2.81 - 2.99 (m, 1H), 3.49 - 3.67 (m, 1H), 4.56 (m, 1H), 5.27 - 5.62 (m, 2H), 8.08 (s, 1H)。
化合物11(538 mg)のピリジン(6.0 mL)溶液に、無水酢酸(0.33 mL)を氷冷下で加え、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液を1N塩酸に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(589 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.27 (酢酸エチル:メタノール=5:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.16 - 1.21 (m, 3H), 1.34 - 2.54 (m, 17H), 3.10 - 3.53 (m, 2H), 5.33 - 5.61 (m, 3H), 8.11 (s, 1H)。
(10S,12E,13aR,16S,16aR)−10−メチル−8−オキソ−10−(3,4,4−トリフルオロ−3−ブテン−1−イル)−1,10,11,13a,14,15,16,16a−オクタヒドロ−2H,8H−7,4−(アゼノ)シクロペンタ[j][1,5,7]オキサジチアシクロペンタデシン−16−イル アセタート(低極性体:化合物13A)
(10R,12E,13aR,16S,16aR)−10−メチル−8−オキソ−10−(3,4,4−トリフルオロ−3−ブテン−1−イル)−1,10,11,13a,14,15,16,16a−オクタヒドロ−2H,8H−7,4−(アゼノ)シクロペンタ[j][1,5,7]オキサジチアシクロペンタデシン−16−イル アセタート(高極性体:化合物13B)
化合物12(589 mg)のトルエン(58 mL)溶液に、4,4−ジメチルアミノピリジン(567 mg)を室温で加えた。反応溶液を100℃に加熱してから2,4,6−トリクロロベンゾイルクロリド(0.37 mL)を加えて15分攪拌し、室温まで放冷した。反応溶液を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=15:1)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(化合物13A:200 mg、化合物13B:120 mg)を得た。
化合物13A:
TLC : Rf 0.49 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:4);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.32 - 2.22 (m, 14H), 2.27 - 2.50 (m, 3H), 2.55 - 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.78 - 3.00 (m, 2H), 3.22 - 3.40 (m, 1H), 5.26 - 5.35 (m, 1H), 5.37 - 5.50 (m, 1H), 5.55 - 5.71 (m, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H)。
化合物13B:
TLC : Rf 0.46 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:4);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.32 - 2.61 (m, 19H), 2.80 - 3.01 (m, 2H), 3.18 - 3.32 (m, 1H), 5.26 - 5.36 (m, 1H), 5.44 - 5.69 (m, 2H), 7.96 (s, 1H)。
化合物13A(200 mg)をメタノール(1.0 mL)およびテトラヒドロフラン(2.0 mL)に溶解し、2N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.62 mL)を加え、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液を1N塩酸に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を、水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(190 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.21 (酢酸エチル:メタノール=5:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.19 (s, 3H), 1.33 - 1.52 (m, 2H), 1.59 - 2.14 (m, 7H), 2.20 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 2.25 - 2.51 (m, 3H), 2.81 - 3.01 (m, 1H), 3.50 - 3.67 (m, 1H), 4.51 - 4.59 (m, 1H), 5.31 - 5.54 (m, 2H), 8.07 (s, 1H)。
化合物14(190 mg)のジメチルホルムアミド(2.1 mL)溶液に炭酸カリウム(340 mg)およびヨウ化メチル(0.09 mL)を加え、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応溶液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮して、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(196 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.36 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.18 (s, 3H), 1.29 - 1.49 (m, 2H), 1.53 - 1.88 (m, 4H), 1.91 - 2.11 (m, 3H), 2.19 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.27 - 2.52 (m, 3H), 2.82 - 2.97 (m, 1H), 3.50 - 3.68 (m, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 4.42 - 4.53 (m, 1H), 5.30 - 5.51 (m, 2H), 7.98 (s, 1H)。
化合物15(196 mg)のジメチルスルホキシド(1.4 mL)/酢酸エチル(2.8 mL)溶液にジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.43 mL)および三酸化硫黄・ピリジン錯体(196 mg)を氷冷下で加え、15分撹拌した。反応溶液に水を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を1N塩酸、水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。得られた残渣を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=3:2)で精製し、以下の物性値を有する標題化合物(152 mg)を得た。
TLC : Rf 0.45 (酢酸エチル:ヘキサン=1:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.16 (s, 3H), 1.46 - 2.63 (m, 14H), 3.37 - 3.49 (m, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 5.45 - 5.57 (m, 1H), 5.61 - 5.76 (m, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H)。
TLC : Rf 0.20 (酢酸エチル:メタノール=5:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.21 (s, 3H), 1.55 - 1.80 (m, 3H), 1.88 - 2.60 (m, 11H), 3.37 (t, J=7.50 Hz, 2H), 5.54 (dd, J=14.82, 7.68 Hz, 1H), 5.62 - 5.76 (m, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H)。
TLC : Rf 0.20 (酢酸エチル:メタノール=5:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.21 (s, 3H), 1.56 - 1.79 (m, 3H), 1.91 - 2.59 (m, 11H), 3.31 - 3.42 (m, 2H), 5.54 (dd, J=15.57, 8.04 Hz, 1H), 5.61 - 5.77 (m, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H)。
TLC : Rf 0.71 (酢酸エチル:メタノール:酢酸=8:1:1);
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.21 (s, 3H), 1.56 - 1.80 (m, 3H), 1.90 - 2.60 (m, 11H), 3.18 - 3.62 (m, 2H), 5.54 (dd, J=15.3, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 5.60 - 5.75 (m, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H)。
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 8.13 (s, 1H), 5.66 (dt, J = 15, 6 Hz, 1H), 5.40 (dd, J = 15, 9 Hz, 1H), 3.50 - 3.25 (m, 2H), 3.15 - 3.05 (m, 1H), 3.00 - 2.50 (m, 1H), 2.50 - 2.25 (m, 4H), 2.23 (d, J = 6 Hz, 2H), 2.20 - 2.00 (m, 3H), 2.00 - 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.85 - 1.60 (m, 3H), 1.21 (s, 3H)。
NMR (CDCl3) : δ 1.19 (s, 3H), 1.60 - 1.80 (m, 2H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 2.23 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.20 - 2.48 (m, 4H), 3.30 (m, 1H), 3.44 - 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 5.48 (dd, J = 15.0, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.84 (dt, J = 15.0, 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.17 (dd, J = 5.7, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (dd, J = 5.7, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H)。
化合物17のナトリウム塩(8.12mg)とβ−シクロデキストリン(56.88mg)を秤量し、精製水(5mL)に溶解した。この溶液を30分静置した後、凍結乾燥した。室温で終夜減圧乾燥し、標題化合物(64.8mg)を得た。
NMR (D2O)
2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸ナトリウム由来ピーク:7.81 (s, 1 H), 5.57 - 5.40 (m, 2H), 3.26 - 3.19 (m, 2H), 2.49 (m, 1H), 2.35 - 1.98 (m, 9H), 1.83 (m, 1H), 1.64 (m, 1H), 1.55 - 1.46 (m, 2H), 1.01 (s, 3H)。
β−シクロデキストリン由来ピーク:4.91 (d, J=3.6 Hz, 1H), 3.81 - 3.63 (m, 4H), 3.51 - 3.41 (m, 2H)。
本発明化合物が、膀胱収縮作用と尿道弛緩作用を併せ持ち、かつ副作用が少なく、経口吸収性等の薬物動態が良好な化合物であることは、以下の実験により証明された。
ラットをペントバルビタールで麻酔し、腹部を切開して、膀胱および尿道を摘出した。膀胱は体部を縦方向に切断し、約10×3 mmの短冊状の標本を作製した。また、尿道についても約10×3 mmの標本を作製した。作製した標本は、95%O2、5%CO2混合ガスで通気したクレブス緩衝液(37℃、5 mL)中に懸垂した。標本の張力は、等尺性トランスデューサーおよびアンプを装備したマグヌス装置システムを用い、データ収集システムを介してコンピューター上に記録した。
標本を約0.5 gの負荷で懸垂し、1時間以上経過した後、塩化カリウム(100 mmol/L)を添加し、最大収縮反応を観察した。クレブス緩衝液で洗浄後、標本を約0.5gの負荷で懸垂し、安定化させた。その後に、塩化カリウム溶液(7.5 mmol/L)を添加し、収縮を惹起した。惹起反応が安定した後に、被検化合物を累積添加し、薬物処置前後の反応を測定した。
標本を約0.5gの負荷で懸垂し、1時間以上経過した後、塩化カリウム(100 mmol/L)を添加し、最大収縮反応を観察した。クレブス緩衝液で洗浄後、標本を約0.5gの負荷で懸垂し、安定化させた。その後に、フェニレフリン(100 μmol/L)を用い、収縮を惹起した。惹起反応が安定した後に、被検化合物を累積添加し、薬物処置前後の反応を測定した。
結果を表1および表2に示す。
低活動膀胱モデルは、以下の方法により作製した。雌性Wistarラット(8−9週齢)を、ソムノペンチル(40 mg/kg)の腹腔内投与により麻酔し、背部を除毛後、腹臥位に固定した。背部をグルコン酸クロルヘキシジン(5%ヒビテン液)にて消毒後、腰部を正中に沿って切開し脊椎を露出させた。第5腰椎棘突起の切除後、ミニドリルにてあけた穴より、第6腰椎方向へシリコンラバーを挿入した。感染症の回避を目的として、手術終了時にベンジルペニシリンカリウムを開創部に滴下(25000 U/0.25 mL/body)した。開創部の筋肉および皮膚を、絹製縫合糸を用いて縫合し、ヨードチンキを縫合部に塗布した。術後は、1日3回の手圧排尿による排尿メンテナンスを行い、感染を防ぐためペニシリンGカリウム(1.25万単位/body)を皮下投与した。シストメトリー評価の5日以上前に膀胱内圧測定用のカテーテルを膀胱内に留置した。ペントバルビタールナトリウム(40 mg/kg 腹腔内投与)で麻酔し、下腹部正中切開後、膀胱の頂部を切開した。生理食塩液で満たした膀胱内圧測定用カテーテルを頂部孔より膀胱内に挿入し、絹製縫合糸を用いて結紮固定した。カテーテルの他端は、背部皮下で固定し、さらに、腰背部および下腹部の切開部を絹製縫合糸で縫合した。ビクシリンS500(明治製菓、10 mg力価/0.1mL蒸留水/ラット)を、殿部の筋肉内に注入した。
モデル作製2週間後、ラットをエーテルで麻酔し、ボールマンケージに収容した。膀胱カテーテルの先端に三方活栓を介して圧トランスデューサーを接続し、ひずみ圧力用アンプ・レコーダを用いて膀胱内圧を記録した。三方活栓の他端は、インフュージョンポンプに装着した膀胱内注入用シリンジに接続し、もう一端は生理食塩液を満たした延長チューブと接続し、残尿の排出に使用した。処置を施したラットを麻酔から覚めるまで静置した。
注射用水(Vehicle群)および被検化合物(5 mg/kg)を経口投与し、1時間後に生理食塩液を2 mL/hの注入速度で膀胱内灌流して排尿パラメータ(膀胱容量および残尿量)を測定し、灌流開始1時間経過後の排尿直後に灌流を停止して膀胱内の残尿を除去した。それぞれのシストメトリー時の排尿パラメータを算出し、残尿量については、Vehicle群と被験化合物投与群の値を比較し、膀胱容量については、正常群と被検化合物投与群の値を比較した。
結果を図1および図2に示す。化合物17は低活動膀胱モデルにおいて残尿量を有意に減少させる用量(0.01 mg/kg)において、膀胱容量に影響を与えなかった。一方、比較化合物Aは、有効用量(0.01 mg/kg)において、有意に膀胱容量を減少させた。
正常レベルより膀胱容量が減少することは、尿が貯められないという蓄尿症状に繋がり、泌尿器系副作用である頻尿を誘発すると考えられる。
以上の結果から、本発明化合物は低活動膀胱の治療剤として有効であり、さらに、有効用量において泌尿器系副作用を誘発しない。
雌性Wistar系ラットを用いて、以下の方法で血圧および心拍数を測定した。測定日当日に血圧・心拍数測定用のカテーテル留置をエーテル麻酔下にて行った。頸背部を切開し、ヘパリン含有生理食塩液を満たした栄養カテーテル(アトムメディカル株式会社)を頸背部より導入し、総頸動脈にカテーテルを挿入後、術創を閉じた。測定はボールマンケージ内にて覚醒下で行い,各パラメータが安定したことを確認してから評価を開始した。等モルのNaOHを含有する注射用水を用いて調製した被検化合物は、5 mL/kgの容量を血圧および心拍数の安定を確認してから経口投与した。
頸背部より導出したカテーテルを圧トランスデューサー(DX-200,日本光電株式会社)に接続し、圧力測定用アンプ(Gould instrument)を介して血圧および心拍数を測定した。血圧および心拍数は、レコーダ(LINEARCORDER WR3320,GRAPHTEC)を用いて記録した。投与前、30、60、120、180分における平均血圧および心拍数の各個体毎の投与前値に対する増減の比率を算出し、被検化合物投与前後の血圧および心拍数の変動を評価した。
本発明化合物(0.3 mg/kg)および比較化合物(0.3 mg/kg)を投与した際の結果を図3および4に示す。
化合物17は、投与用量0.3 mg/kgの濃度において血圧に影響を与えなかった。さらに、化合物17は、投与用量1 mg/kgの濃度においても血圧に影響を与えなかった。一方、比較化合物Aは投与用量0.3 mg/kgの濃度において血圧を上昇させる傾向を示し、さらに1 mg/kgの濃度においては、約10%血圧を上昇させた。また、比較化合物B、比較化合物Cおよび比較化合物Dは、投与用量0.3 mg/kgの濃度において血圧を下降させる傾向を示した。
また、化合物17は、投与用量0.3 mg/kgの濃度において心拍数に影響を与えなかった。一方、比較化合物B、比較化合物Cおよび比較化合物Dは、投与用量0.3 mg/kgの濃度において、心拍数を約20%上昇させた。
以上のことから、比較化合物は、血圧および心拍数に影響を与えるおそれがある一方で、本発明化合物は血圧および心拍数にほとんど影響を与えなかったことが示された。
したがって、本発明化合物は、より循環系副作用リスクのない化合物である。
雄性自然発症高血圧ラットを使用し、以下の方法で血圧および心拍数を測定した。測定日当日に血圧・心拍数測定用および被験物質投与用のカテーテル留置をエーテル麻酔下にて行った。頸背部を切開し、ヘパリン含有生理食塩液を満たした栄養カテーテル(アトムメディカル株式会社)を頸背部より導入し、総頸動脈および内頚静脈にカテーテルを挿入後、術創を閉じた。測定はボールマンケージ内にて覚醒下で行い、各パラメータが安定したことを確認してから評価を開始した。被検化合物の投与は5 mL/kg/hの流速で血圧および心拍数の安定を確認してから30分間の静脈内持続投与を行った。
頸背部より導出したカテーテルを、圧トランスデューサー(DX-200,日本光電株式会社)に接続し、圧力測定用アンプ(Gould instrument)を介して血圧および心拍数を測定した。血圧および心拍数は、レコーダ(LINEARCORDER WR3320,GRAPHTEC)を用いて記録紙上に記録した。平均血圧および心拍数は、投与前、投与後2.5、5、10、15、30、45および60分ごとに記録紙上から数値に変換し、評価パラメータの各個体毎の投与前値(0分の値)に対する増減の比率を評価した。
結果を図5および図6に示す。
化合物17は、血圧に影響を与えなかった。一方、比較化合物Bは、100 ng/kg/minの投与量において約10%血圧を下降させた。さらに、300 ng/kg/min投与量で約25%程度血圧を下降させた。
以上の結果から、本発明化合物は、高血圧等の循環器系疾患を背景にもつ患者においても、循環器系の副作用リスクが低い。
6週齢の雄性ラットを用い、被検化合物を0.1 mg/kgの用量で4日間反復経口投与し、一般状態観察を実施した。対照群には媒体である注射用水を投与した。
化合物17を投与した群においては、軟便等の消化器症状は観察されなかった。一方、比較化合物Cを投与した群においては、投与1日目から軟便がみられた。
以上の通り、本発明化合物は消化器系副作用を誘発しない、安全な化合物である。
人工膜を用いた薬物膜透過性は、以下の条件においてParallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay(PAMPA)により測定した。測定にはPAMPA System(pION社製)を使用した。膜透過性は、3点のpHにおいて測定された膜透過係数の合計値(PAMPA(SUM)(cm/sec))によって評価した。
測定波長:190-498 nm
インキュベーション時間:4時間
インキュベーション温度:25℃
ドナー:5%DMSOを含有する緩衝液
pH:5.0, 6.2, 7.4の3点
化合物濃度:50 μmol/L
化合物17の膜透過係数は59.3 cm/secであり、非常に膜透過性が良好であった。一方、比較化合物Eの膜透過係数は0.6 cm/secであり、膜透過性が低いことがわかった。
以上のことから、本発明化合物は膜透過性が良好であり、経口吸収性に優れた化合物であることが示唆された。
各被検化合物に等モルの水酸化ナトリウムおよび注射用蒸留水を添加して1 mg/mL水溶液を調製し、さらに生理食塩液で0.001 mg/mLとなるよう希釈して投与液を調製し、0.001 mg/mL/kgの用量でカニクイザル橈側皮静脈静より急速投与した。投与後2、5、15および30分、1、2、4、6、8時間および24時間後に、血液を橈側皮静脈(非投与部位)よりヘパリン加シリンジを用いて採取した。遠心分離後、血漿を分取し、前処理を行うまで−80℃にて保存した。血漿の前処理はアセトニトリルに混合後、遠心分離による除蛋白を行い、LC/MS/MSを用いて測定した。血漿中濃度推移をWinNonlin4.0.1で解析し、全身クリアランスを求めた。
化合物17の全身クリアランスは3.6 mL/min/kgであり、体内からの薬物消失が遅く、持続的に薬効を発揮することが示唆された。一方、比較化合物Dの全身クリアランスは23.9 mL/min/kgであり、化合物17より顕著に全身クリアランスが大きく、化合物17と比較して、体内から非常に速く消失してしまうことが示された。
被検化合物(アセトニトリルまたはメタノール溶液、最終濃度1%以下)、融解したヒト凍結肝細胞(生細胞の最終濃度1×106 cells/mL)を含むKHEM5100培地を37℃でインキュベーションし、反応開始直後および経時的に一部採取した。
採取した試料中の被検化合物濃度をLC/MS/MSを用いて測定し、下式に従って開始直後に対する残存率を算出した。
結果を以下に示す。
以上の結果から、本発明化合物は、肝における代謝に対して非常に安定な化合物である。
カニクイザルをペントバルビタールで麻酔(導入:20-30 mg/kg、静脈内投与、維持:4-5 mg/kg/hr、静脈内持続投与)した後、気管チューブを挿管し、人工呼吸下(新鮮空気+純酸素ガス、換気量:10-15 mL/kg、換気回数:10-15回/分)で実験を行った。右横臥位に左胸部を第4−5肋骨間で開胸した。冠状動脈(左前下行枝あるいは回旋枝起始部)および上行性大動脈起始部を剥離し、それぞれに血流測定用トランスデューサーを装着した。血流量は、電磁血流量計あるいは超音波血流量計を用いて測定した。血圧は、右大腿動脈にカテーテルを、また左心室内圧はカテーテルを左頸動脈から左心室内に挿入し、圧トランスデューサーを介して測定した。心電図は、針電極を右腋部および左胸部に設置して測定した。投与用カテーテルは左右の橈側皮静脈および大腿静脈内に挿入し、被検化合物、ペントバルビタール(麻酔維持)あるいは輸液(1.2% NaHCO3を含むソリターT3号)を投与した。被検化合物は持続注入装置により静脈内に30分間の持続注入により投与した。血圧、左心室内圧、冠状動脈血流量、大動脈血流量および心電図は同時にPowerLabシステム(LabChart6,AD instruments)に取り込ませ、平均血圧、心拍数、冠状動脈平均血流量、心拍出量、一回拍出量(心拍出量/心拍数)、左室内圧一次微分最大値、総末梢血管抵抗(平均血圧/心拍出量)、心仕事量(平均血圧×心拍出量)および心筋酸素消費の指標となるダブルプロダクト(収縮期血圧×心拍数)を測定/算出した。
いずれの評価項目も投与開始前、投与開始後10、20および30分のそれぞれ1分間の平均値を求め、投与前値を100%とした変化率を算出した。
心仕事量およびダブルプロダクトの測定結果を、それぞれ図7および図8に示した。
化合物17は、30 ng/kg/minおよび100 ng/kg/minの投与量において、心仕事量およびダブルプロダクトに影響を与えなかった。また、冠動脈血流量等のその他の心機能パラメータに対する影響も見られなかった。一方、比較化合物Bは、心機能に対して抑制作用を示した。
以上のことから、本発明化合物は、心機能に影響を与えない安全な化合物である。
尿排出障害モデルは、以下の方法により作製した。カニクイザルを麻酔し、恥骨上部から腹部にかけて剃毛し、仰臥位に固定した。剃毛部を消毒し、四足を固定した。電気メスで恥骨上部から臍部にかけて皮膚を切開し、続いて腹膜を切開した。さらに電気メスを用いて骨盤神経を損傷し、子宮を摘出した。手術終了時にビクシリン含有生理食塩液を開創部に滴下した。開創部の腹膜及び皮膚を絹糸で縫合し、消毒した。術後当日から7日間ビクシリンを投与した。また、周術期の疼痛管理を目的として、1日1回メロキシカムを7日間投与した。
モンキーチェアにカニクイザルを座らせ、紐を用いて両手両足を保定した。注射用水を経口投与したのち、生理食塩液および被験化合物(60 ng/kg/h)を静脈内持続投与し、自然排尿させた。尿重量測定センサーを設置し、最大尿流率を測定した。
化合物17は、尿排出障害モデルにおける最大尿流率を、Vehicle群に対して61%改善させた。一方、比較化合物Bおよび比較化合物Dは、それぞれ27%および36%しか改善させなかった。
以上の結果から、本発明化合物は非常に排尿促進効果の高い化合物であることが示された。
上記の生物学的実施例(1)〜(10)の結果より、本発明化合物は、膀胱収縮作用および尿道弛緩作用を有し、強い排尿促進効果を有することが示された。さらに、本発明化合物は、先行技術に記載されている何れの化合物でも成し得なかった、泌尿器系、循環器系および消化器系副作用リスクの全てを回避した安全性に優れた化合物であり、経口吸収性、代謝安定性等の薬物動態にも優れている。
化合物17(5.0 g)、カルボキシメチルセルロース カルシウム(20 g)、ステアリン酸マグネシウム(10 g)および微結晶セルロース(920 g)を常法により混合したのち、打錠して、1錠中に0.5 mgの活性成分を含有する錠剤1万錠を得た。
化合物17(2.0 g)、マンニット(500 g)および蒸留水(10 L)を常法により混合したのち、溶液を常法により滅菌し、1 mLずつバイアルに充填し、常法により凍結乾燥し、1バイアル中0.2 mgの活性成分を含有するバイアル1万本を得た。
Claims (12)
- 一般式(I)
で示される化合物、その塩、その溶媒和物または一般式(I)で示される化合物のC1−4アルキルエステルであるそれらのプロドラッグ、または、そのジアステレオマーとの任意の割合の混合物、またはそのシクロデキストリン包接化合物。 - 一般式(I)で示される化合物が、(1)2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、(2)2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、または(3)2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4R)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸である請求項1記載の化合物。
- 一般式(I)で示される化合物が2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸であり、ジアステレオマーが2−[(2−{(1S,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸である請求項1記載の任意の割合の混合物。
- 一般式(I)
で示される化合物、その塩、その溶媒和物または一般式(I)で示される化合物のC1−4アルキルエステルであるそれらのプロドラッグ、または、そのジアステレオマーとの任意の割合の混合物、またはそのシクロデキストリン包接化合物を有効成分として含有する医薬組成物。 - 膀胱排尿筋収縮および尿道括約筋弛緩剤である請求項4記載の医薬組成物。
- 膀胱収縮障害および/または尿道弛緩障害の予防、治療および/または症状改善剤である請求項5記載の医薬組成物。
- 膀胱収縮障害および/または尿道弛緩障害が、低活動膀胱である請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 一般式(I)
- 一般式(I−a)
- 2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、その塩、またはそのシクロデキストリン包接化合物。
- 2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4S)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、その塩、またはそのシクロデキストリン包接化合物。
- 2−[(2−{(1R,5R)−2−オキソ−5−[(1E,4R)−7,8,8−トリフルオロ−4−ヒドロキシ−4−メチル−1,7−オクタジエン−1−イル]シクロペンチル}エチル)チオ]−1,3−チアゾール−4−カルボン酸、その塩、またはそのシクロデキストリン包接化合物。
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