JP4796064B2 - 量子化した表示システムにおけるガンマ精度の向上 - Google Patents
量子化した表示システムにおけるガンマ精度の向上 Download PDFInfo
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Description
L*= E 1/Gamma
ここで、L*は知覚された明るさ、Eは放射エネルギーである。
1つの実施例は、ゼロあるいは実質的に平坦であるよりも大きい、望ましい勾配を持つように入力ガンマ曲線の始端を修正することで、たとえば約1あるいはそれより多い勾配についてスケーリングしたあと整数に変換する。sRGB規格は曲線の初めは常に直線的であるという同様の要求をしており、これによって入力ガンマ変換テーブルを修正する際に、入力画像量子化への適合と表示への適合との合成物となる。もちろん所望の勾配は、量子化効果あるいは同様のものについてシステムの所望の応答に応じて、1より大きいあるいは小さいどのような値でもよいことが理解されよう。さらに曲線のその他の部分も同様に直線化できることが理解される。
前記直線化処理を行った場合、あるいは直線化が不要であると判った場合でも、誤差はなお現れる。これらの誤差は異なる種類であり、反転ガンマ曲線を生成し、整数に切り捨てるやり方から発生する。出力ガンマ曲線上のすべての測定点を通る曲線を構成するのにカットマル・ロム3次式あるいはその他の適切な内挿技術を使うことができる。この曲線は内挿する標本がどのような数であっても入力ガンマ曲線を生成するのに、どのような割合ででもスケールし標本抽出できる。3次曲線はパラメトリックであるから、反転ガンマ曲線を生成するために別の軸上で標本抽出することができる。これら2つの数学的操作は、結果を浮動小数点の数として保存する場合、実質的に互いに反転したテーブルを生じるはずである。これらを整数に変換するために行った丸めと切り捨て操作は実効的にいつ曲線が次の整数値に移るかを決定する。注意しないと入力曲線について行うこの決定が出力曲線とは違う場所で起こり、またこれらの段階が互いにぶつかる可能性がある。
この丸め誤差を軽減するために多くの実施例が可能である。1つの可能な実施例は出力ガンマ曲線を手で調節するものである。図3Cを見ると、曲線の部分を1つだけ右か左(この場合左)に動かすと、曲線のこの部分に他の誤差を導入することなく図3Dの誤差が除去されることが容易に判る。他の実施例では出力ガンマ曲線を整数に丸めるやり方を変更する。単なる1つの例であるが、浮動小数点値を所望の値だけ(たとえば約0.5)丸めることは曲線の部分を1つだけ上に動かし、これは曲線の部分を左または右に移動するのと同じ効果を持つ。これは曲線の他の部分に誤差を作るかもしれないが、場合によりそこにある誤差を除去する。第3の実施例は出力ガンマ曲線を入力ガンマ曲線の整数の複製から作ることである。
あるパネルは、ピクセルあるいはサブピクセルに対する電気-光(EO)伝達関数が他の部分集合とは異なる、おそらくずれている、固定(たとえば動かない)パターンノイズを示す。この固定パターンノイズが補償されない場合、差が大きいと受け入れがたい画像を生じる。しかしこの大きな差も通常不十分なグレースケール深さに起因する偽輪郭のような量子化ノイズによる不自然さを低減するのに利用できる。
Claims (13)
- 表示システムのための時空間的ノイズを発生する方法であって、前記方法が、
白色ノイズを発生させる複数のランダム色を含み、前記複数のランダム色が実質的に一定の明度およびランダムな色度成分を含む、複数の第1の画像フレームを作ること、
複数の前記第1の画像フレームからフィルタされた画像データを含む、複数の第2の画像フレームを作ること、
前記第2画像フレームから前記第1画像フレームを減算することにより、複数の第3の画像フレームを作ること、を含み、
前記第3の画像フレームのデータが変換され、正の値として保存される方法。 - 前記一定の明度値が約50%である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ランダム色が、実質的に一定のL*と実質的にランダムなaおよびb値を持つL*ab空間で発生される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ランダム色がL*abから群の1つに変換され、前記群が、RGB空間、RGBW空間、RGBCW空間および多原色色空間を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記の複数の第2の画像フレームを作る段階が、さらに前記第1の画像フレームから画像データをローパスフィルタリングすることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 表示システムのための時空間的ノイズを発生する方法であって、前記方法が、
白色ノイズを発生させる複数のランダム色を含み、前記複数のランダム色が実質的に一定の明度およびランダムな色度成分を含む、複数の第1の画像フレームを作ること、
複数の前記第1の画像フレームからフィルタされた画像データを含む、複数の第2の画像フレームを作ること、
前記第1および第2の画像フレームの関数により、複数の第3の画像フレームを作ること、を含み、
前記の複数の第2の画像フレームを作る段階が、さらに前記第1の画像フレームから画像データをローパスフィルタリングすることを含み、
前記ローパスフィルタリングがさらに画像データの包み込みを伴うフィルタリングを含む方法。 - 前記ローパスフィルタリングが空間的フィルタリングである、請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記ローパスフィルタリングが時間的フィルタリングである、請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記ローパスフィルタリングが時空間的フィルタリングである、請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記ローパスフィルタリングがさらに画像データの包み込みを伴うフィルタリングを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記包み込みデータが1つの画像フレームを含む、請求項6または10に記載の方法。
- 前記包み込みデータが前記第1画像データフレームの最初のフレームおよび前記第1画像データフレームの最後のフレームからのデータを含む、請求項6または10に記載の方法。
- 表示システムのための時空間的ノイズを発生する方法であって、前記方法が、
複数のランダム色を含む、複数の第1の画像フレームを作ること、
複数の前記第1の画像フレームからフィルタされた画像データを含む、複数の第2の画像フレームを作ること、
前記第1および第2の画像フレームの関数を含み、前記第1の画像フレームが前記第2の画像フレームから減算される、複数の第3の画像フレームを作ること、を含み、
前記第3の画像フレームのデータを移動して、正の値として保存する方法。
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US10/866,447 | 2004-06-10 | ||
US10/866,447 US7590299B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2004-06-10 | Increasing gamma accuracy in quantized systems |
PCT/US2005/019693 WO2005124663A2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-06-03 | Increasing gamma accuracy in quantizied display systems |
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EP (3) | EP2148301B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4796064B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101041059B1 (ja) |
CN (4) | CN100495428C (ja) |
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EP2148300B1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
EP2148301B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
CN101533601A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
EP1754181A2 (en) | 2007-02-21 |
TWI284871B (en) | 2007-08-01 |
KR20070024577A (ko) | 2007-03-02 |
EP2148300A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
KR101041059B1 (ko) | 2011-06-13 |
CN100495428C (zh) | 2009-06-03 |
CN101533600B (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
CN101533599B (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
EP1754181A4 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
TW200606786A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
JP2008503185A (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
US7590299B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
WO2005124663A2 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
CN101533600A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
CN101533599A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
EP2148301A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
CN1965322A (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
US20050276502A1 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
WO2005124663A3 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
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