JP4787916B2 - 多成分冷却剤を使用した極低温冷却のための圧縮システム - Google Patents
多成分冷却剤を使用した極低温冷却のための圧縮システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4787916B2 JP4787916B2 JP2006301575A JP2006301575A JP4787916B2 JP 4787916 B2 JP4787916 B2 JP 4787916B2 JP 2006301575 A JP2006301575 A JP 2006301575A JP 2006301575 A JP2006301575 A JP 2006301575A JP 4787916 B2 JP4787916 B2 JP 4787916B2
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- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- component
- oil
- cooling
- polyalphaolefin
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 title claims description 121
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- RIQRGMUSBYGDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RIQRGMUSBYGDBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSRRYOGYBQJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F BSRRYOGYBQJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVSXSBBVEDNGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NVSXSBBVEDNGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJHMHZVVRVXKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentafluoro-6-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)benzene Chemical class FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F QJHMHZVVRVXKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRPRTPSUFGKAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(fluoromethoxy)butane Chemical compound CCCCOCF BRPRTPSUFGKAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)C(F)(F)F BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWHUDJUDKHKRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC.ClC(F)Cl Chemical compound CC.ClC(F)Cl JWHUDJUDKHKRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QYSGYZVSCZSLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004692 perflenapent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004624 perflexane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KAVGMUDTWQVPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N perflubutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KAVGMUDTWQVPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950003332 perflubutane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZJIJAJXFLBMLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZJIJAJXFLBMLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJCBUSHGCBERSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoropentane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NJCBUSHGCBERSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004065 perflutren Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/0097—Others, e.g. F-, Cl-, HF-, HClF-, HCl-hydrocarbons etc. or mixtures thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
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- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
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Description
(A)冷却用の流体として多成分の冷却剤を使用すること;
(B)ポリアルファオレフィン(polyalphaolefin)ベースの(または、ポリアルファオレフィンを基剤とする)オイルを使用して潤滑されたコンプレッサーを使用して多成分冷却剤を圧縮すること;及び、
(C)220K以下の温度で冷却を提供すること。
(A)オイルで潤滑されたコンプレッサー、オイル分離システム、多成分冷却剤をコンプ
レッサーからオイル分離システムへ送るための手段、及び、潤滑油をオイル分離システムからコンプレッサーへ送るための手段;
(B)膨張装置、熱交換器、多成分冷却剤をオイル分離システムから膨張装置へ、膨張装置から熱交換器へ、さらに、熱交換器からコンプレッサーへ送るための手段;及び、
(C)熱交換器に冷却受容体を備え、それにより、多成分冷却剤から冷却受容体に冷却を与えるための手段。
2 冷却剤−オイル流体のストリーム
3、4 オイルのストリーム
5、6 冷却剤のストリーム
7−9 オイルのストリーム
10 コンプレッサー
11、12 冷却剤のストリーム
20 バルクオイル分離器
25、26 凝集フィルター
30 後置冷却器
31、32 冷却剤のストリーム
40、41 蒸気液体分離器
45 ジュール−トムソン膨張弁
46 サージタンク
50 熱交換器
51 冷却受容体のストリーム
52 冷却剤のストリーム
Claims (12)
- 冷却剤流体を圧縮すること、圧縮した冷却剤流体を冷却器で冷却すること、前記冷却剤流体を冷却するために前記冷却材流体を膨張すること、及び、前記冷却剤流体を温めることによって冷却受容体を冷却することを含む冷却受容体を冷却するための方法であって:
(A)前記冷却剤流体として、多成分冷却剤を使用すること;
(B)前記冷却剤流体の圧縮のためにポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルによって潤滑されたコンプレッサーを使用すること;及び、
(C)前記冷却剤流体を220Kより低い温度に冷却することをさらに含み、
前記ポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイル中の前記多成分冷却剤の濃度が1%未満となるように前記ポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルと前記多成分冷却剤が低い可溶性を有し、
圧縮された前記多成分冷却剤が膨張させられる前に前記多成分冷却剤から前記ポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルのほとんど全てが分離され、前記多成分冷却剤とは別個に前記コンプレッサーに戻される前記冷却受容体が熱交換器において冷却される方法。 - 前記冷却剤流体を温めることによって前記冷却受容体を冷却する前記工程が、膨張させる前の、圧縮された前記多成分冷却剤を冷却するためにも利用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多成分冷却剤がフルオロカーボン、ヒドロフルオロカーボン、ヒドロクロロフルオロカーボン、フルオロエーテル、ヒドロフルオロエーテル、大気ガス、及び炭化水素から成るグループからの、少なくとも2つの成分を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多成分冷却剤がフルオロカーボンだけから成る、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記多成分冷却剤がヒドロフルオロエーテルだけから成る、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記多成分冷却剤が少なくとも1つの大気ガスを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 冷却するための装置であって:
(A)オイルで潤滑されたコンプレッサー、オイル分離システム、多成分冷却剤を前記コンプレッサーから前記オイル分離システムへ送るための手段、及び、前記オイルを前記オイル分離システムから前記コンプレッサーへ送るための手段;
(B)前記コンプレッサからの多成分冷却剤を冷却する冷却器、前記多成分冷却剤を220Kより低い温度に冷却する膨張装置、熱交換器、前記多成分冷却剤を前記オイル分離システムから前記膨張装置へ、前記膨張装置から前記熱交換器へ、さらに、前記熱交換器から前記コンプレッサーへ送るための手段;及び、
(C)冷却受容体を前記熱交換器に供給し、前記220Kより低い温度の前記多成分冷却剤との熱交換によって前記冷却受容体を冷却するための手段を備え、
前記オイルがポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルであり、
前記ポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイル中の前記多成分冷却剤の濃度が1%未満となるように前記ポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルと前記多成分冷却剤が低い可溶性を有し、
前記オイル分離システムで前記ポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルのほとんど全てが前記多成分冷却剤から分離され、前記多成分冷却剤とは別個に前記コンプレッサーに戻される装置。 - 前記オイル分離システムがバルクオイル分離器及び、少なくとも1つの凝集フィルターを備える、請求項7に記載の装置。
- 圧縮された多成分冷却剤を膨張させる以前に、該多成分冷却剤からポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルを分離させるに際してポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイル濃度が5ppb未満に減少される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 圧縮された多成分冷却剤を膨張させる以前に、該多成分冷却剤からポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイルを分離させるに際してポリアルファオレフィンベースのオイル濃度が5ppb未満に減少される請求項7に記載の装置。
- 多成分冷却剤の泡立ち点と露点との間の温度差が少なくとも50℃である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 多成分冷却剤の泡立ち点と露点との間の温度差が少なくとも50℃である請求項7に記載の装置。
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2000
- 2000-06-29 US US09/606,088 patent/US6330811B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2001
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- 2001-06-27 HU HU0102633A patent/HUP0102633A3/hu unknown
- 2001-06-28 AT AT01115815T patent/ATE290677T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-28 PL PL01348346A patent/PL348346A1/xx unknown
- 2001-06-28 AU AU54134/01A patent/AU775902B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-06-28 EP EP01115815A patent/EP1167903B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-28 JP JP2001196107A patent/JP2002061971A/ja active Pending
- 2001-06-28 NO NO20013246A patent/NO20013246L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-06-28 CN CN011218835A patent/CN1218153C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-28 BR BR0102616-0A patent/BR0102616A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5413401A (en) | 2002-01-03 |
PL348346A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
AR028767A1 (es) | 2003-05-21 |
MXPA01006677A (es) | 2004-07-30 |
DE60109234D1 (de) | 2005-04-14 |
JP2002061971A (ja) | 2002-02-28 |
TW505771B (en) | 2002-10-11 |
HU0102633D0 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
NO20013246L (no) | 2001-12-31 |
JP2007078343A (ja) | 2007-03-29 |
AU775902B2 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
CA2351851A1 (en) | 2001-12-29 |
HUP0102633A3 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
HUP0102633A2 (hu) | 2002-01-28 |
EP1167903A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
DE60109234T2 (de) | 2006-02-09 |
NO20013246D0 (no) | 2001-06-28 |
CN1218153C (zh) | 2005-09-07 |
CN1330253A (zh) | 2002-01-09 |
US6330811B1 (en) | 2001-12-18 |
BR0102616A (pt) | 2002-02-13 |
CA2351851C (en) | 2004-08-31 |
ATE290677T1 (de) | 2005-03-15 |
EP1167903B1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
KR20020002275A (ko) | 2002-01-09 |
ZA200105360B (en) | 2002-06-28 |
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