CN1330253A - 采用多组分致冷剂的低温致冷压缩系统 - Google Patents

采用多组分致冷剂的低温致冷压缩系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1330253A
CN1330253A CN01121883A CN01121883A CN1330253A CN 1330253 A CN1330253 A CN 1330253A CN 01121883 A CN01121883 A CN 01121883A CN 01121883 A CN01121883 A CN 01121883A CN 1330253 A CN1330253 A CN 1330253A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
refrigerant
multicomponent refrigerant
compressor
fluorine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN01121883A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1218153C (zh
Inventor
B·阿曼
D·P·博纳奎斯特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Edwards Vacuum LLC
Original Assignee
Praxair Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Praxair Technology Inc filed Critical Praxair Technology Inc
Publication of CN1330253A publication Critical patent/CN1330253A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1218153C publication Critical patent/CN1218153C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0097—Others, e.g. F-, Cl-, HF-, HClF-, HCl-hydrocarbons etc. or mixtures thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/132—Components containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/16—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/18—Ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
    • C10M2211/042—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

一种致冷系统,其中在采用聚α烯烃－基润滑油润滑的压缩机中压缩多组分致冷剂、从被压缩的致冷剂中除去润滑油、使被压缩的致冷剂在低温下膨胀以产生致冷、向冷接受体供冷。

Description

采用多组分致冷剂的低温致冷压缩系统
本发明一般地涉及提供致冷，更具体而言，涉及在低温下提供致冷。
在典型的致冷系统中，将致冷剂流体如R-12、R-134a或其它氟里昂类型的致冷剂压缩，使致冷剂膨胀产生致冷，接着使冷从致冷剂进入冷接受体而使致冷剂变热。然后使已变热的致冷剂返回压缩机，并重复致冷循环。
在致冷循环中所采用的压缩机，一般是使用润滑油润滑的，这种润滑剂的一部分随被压缩的致冷剂离开压缩机。在实践中使用润滑油，例如多元醇酯-基润滑油一般是良好的，多元醇酯-基润滑油是致冷剂是非常易溶的。这样，随被压缩的致冷剂离开压缩机的所有润滑油，基本上都随着循环的已变热的致冷剂返回到压缩机中。如果离开压缩机的大量润滑油仍保留在致冷回路中，而未返回压缩机，可能因压缩机中润滑油不够而引起压缩机效率的下降，也许甚至还会造成压缩机不能运行。
非常低的温度或低温致冷，已变得越来越重要了，例如在能量生产、能量传送和电子学领域中已经得到应用。所以在致冷系统中，对提高在低温下致冷和供冷能力的任何改进都是非常需要的。
因此本发明的目的是提供在低温下致冷和供冷的改进系统。
对本领域的技术人员而言，在阅读了本申请的公开内容以后，上述和其它目的是显而易见的，上述和其它目的可通过本发明实现，本发明的一个方面是：
在一种供冷方法中，压缩其中的致冷剂流体，使其膨胀产生致冷，然后向冷接受体供冷而变热，其改进包括：
(A)采用多组分致冷剂作为致冷剂流体；
(B)采用压缩机压缩多组分致冷剂，压缩机采用聚α烯烃-基润滑油润滑；和
(C)在温度低于220K下供冷。
   本发明的另一个方面是：
供冷设备，其中包括：
(A)润滑油润滑的压缩机、润滑油分离系统、使多组分致冷剂从压缩机进入润滑油分离系统的装置、和使润滑油从润滑油分离系统进入压缩机的装置；
(B)膨胀装置、热交换器、使多组分致冷剂从润滑油分离系统进入膨胀装置、从膨胀装置进入热交换器、和从热交换器进入压缩机的装置；和
(C)向热交换器提供冷接受体的装置，从而从多组分致冷剂向致冷接受体供冷。
本申请所用的术语“间接热交换”，系指二种流体发生热交换关系，但这二种流体没有任何物理接触和流体间的相互混合。
本申请所用的术语“膨胀”，系指减压效应。
本申请所用的术语“可变负载的致冷剂”，系指多组分致冷剂，即二种或多种组分的混合物，其比例能使这些组分的液相在混合物的始沸点和露点之间连续地发生升温变化。混合物的始沸点，是在给定压力下，混合物全部为液相，但加热后，便开始生成与液相平衡的蒸气相的温度。混合物的露点，是在给定压力下，混合物全部是蒸气相，但抽取热量后，便开始生成与蒸气相平衡的液相的温度。因此，混合物始沸点和露点之间的温度区域，是液体和蒸气相平衡共存的区域。在本发明的实践中，多组分致冷剂液体的始沸点和露点之间的温度差，一般为至少10℃，优选至少20℃，最优选至少50℃。
本申请所用的术语“大气气体”，系指下列气体中的一种：氮(N2)、氩(Ar)、氪(Kr)、氙(Xe)、氖(Ne)、二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化二氮(N2O)、氧(O2)、和氦(He)。
本申请所用的术语“压缩机”，系指提高气体压力的装置。
本申请所用的术语“被润滑的”，系指装置的特性，其中，以薄膜的形式加入一种能降低固体表面之间摩擦、发热和磨损的物质。
本申请所用的术语“聚α烯烃”，系指具有≥6个碳原子的直链α烯烃。
本申请所用的术语“聚α烯烃-基润滑油”，系指在其基本原料中采用一种或多种聚α烯烃物质的润滑油制品。
本申请所用的术语“可溶混的”，如果指的是蒸气相和液相的相互作用，系指可溶解的，如果指的是二种液相的相互作用，系指可溶混的。
本申请所用的术语“溶混性”，如果指的是蒸气和液相的相互作用，系指溶解性，如果指的是二种液体的相互作用，系指溶混性。
唯一的附图，是可以实现本发明的一种优选配置的简化示意图。
本发明一般包括采用多组分致冷剂在低温下产生致冷，即在温度低于220K下致冷，并包括采用压缩机压缩这种致冷剂，压缩机是采用聚α烯烃-基润滑油润滑的。这种润滑油与致冷剂的可溶混性非常低，所以随被压缩的致冷剂离开压缩机的几乎全部润滑油，在致冷剂进入致冷循环的低温部分之前，能比较容易地与致冷剂分离。这样，就避免了润滑油在致冷循环内的冷冻，如果润滑油与致冷剂混合，则润滑剂将发生冷冻。在低温部分上游与多组分致冷剂分离的润滑油，离开致冷剂返回压缩机。
致冷剂与润滑剂有限的可溶混性(液相可溶混性低，通常相应于蒸气和液体之间的低溶解度)，对提高螺旋压缩机的操作性能有利，因为致冷剂在润滑油中的有限溶解度能消除致冷剂排到吸口的旁路。此外，还能减少或消除致冷剂通过随润滑油循环的旁路。在热交换器中，非常希望没有任何润滑油，使热传递性能不随时间而下降。带出润滑油的机理基本上有二种：(1)以小的气溶胶液滴的形式，和(2)以蒸气的形式，蒸气是由于其蒸气压产生的。优选的润滑油几乎没有蒸气压，所以在致冷剂蒸气中没有明显的润滑油。优选的润滑油纯度非常高，即具有极少的杂质和具有少量的杂质。
下面将参照附图更详细地说明本发明。现在见附图，使多组分致冷剂流体1通过压缩机10，其中一般将致冷剂压缩到压力为50-1000psia(磅/英寸2绝对压力)。多组分致冷剂1优选包括至少二种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、碳氟氯氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、大气气体和烃的成分。适合在本发明实践中使用的多组分致冷剂，优选是可变负载的致冷剂。
适合本发明使用的多组分致冷剂，优选包括至少一种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚的成分，和至少一种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、碳氟氯氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、大气气体和烃的成分。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少二种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚的成分，和至少一种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、碳氟氯氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、大气气体和烃的成分。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少一种碳氟化合物，和至少一种选自碳氟氢化合物和大气气体的成分。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少一种碳氟氢化合物，和至少一种大气气体。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少三种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚和氟氢代醚的成分，和至少一种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、碳氟氯氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、烃和大气气体的成分。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少二种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚和氟氢代醚的成分，和至少一种大气气体成分。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少二种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚和氟氢代醚的成分，至少一种大气气体，和至少一种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、碳氟氯氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、烃和大气气体的成分。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少二种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚和氟氢代醚的成分，和至少二种大气气体。
适合本发明使用的另一种优选的多组分致冷剂，包括至少一种氟代醚，即包含至少一种氟代醚，和至少一种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、碳氟氯氢化合物、烃和大气气体的成分。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中，多组分致冷剂只由碳氟化合物组成。在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分致冷剂只由碳氟化合物和碳氟氢化合物组成。在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分致冷剂只由氟代醚组成。在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分致冷剂只由氟代醚和氟氢代醚组成。在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分致冷剂只由碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚和氟氢代醚组成。在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分致冷剂只由碳氟化合物、氟代醚、和大气气体组成。多组分致冷剂最优选的各种成分，是碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚，或大气气体。
在本发明实践中使用的，特别优选的多组分致冷剂，包括约12％(摩尔)的二氯三氟乙烷，约36％(摩尔)的五氟乙烷，约39％(摩尔)的四氟甲烷，和约13％(摩尔)的氮。
适合在本发明实践中使用的多组分致冷剂，一般优选包括一种或多种选自二氯三氟乙烷、五氟乙烷、四氟甲烷、氮、全氟丁氧基-甲烷、十氟戊烷、二氯五氟丙烷、全氟丙氧基-甲烷、二氯氟乙烷、五氟丙烷、六氟丙烷、六氟丁烷、五氟丁烷、四氟乙烷、氨、五氟乙烷、全氟丙烷、全氟丁烷、全氟戊烷、全氟己烷、二氟甲烷、全氟乙烷、三氟甲烷、四氟甲烷、一氯四氟乙烷、氩、氖、氦、二氧化碳、和一氧化二氮的成分。
压缩机10采用聚α烯烃-基润滑油润滑。在本发明实践中使用的，优选的聚烯烃的通式为CnH2n＋2，式中n为10-120。实例包括C20H42、C30H62、C40H82、C50H102、C60H122和C70H142。
气体的溶解度是温度、压力、偶极矩、和溶剂与溶质之间相互作用的性质的函数。如果有路易斯(Lewis)酸-碱相互作用、四极矩之间特殊的化学相互作用、或有氢键，可以增加气体的溶解度。溶解度也会随液相的溶混性而增加。聚α烯烃是一种直链饱和烃，是非极性的，一般酸度为中性。优选的致冷剂混合物的成分也是非极性的，或呈低极性。由于溶质-溶剂的相互作用，它们的溶解度不会增加；于是这些成分在润滑油相中的浓度是非常小的，一般小于1％，可以低于300ppm。当致冷剂在润滑油中的浓度低或无时，(1)能使压缩机排气中生成的油雾最少，(2)能使压缩机排气中生成的润滑油滴较大，(3)由于气溶胶的尺寸较大，所以能进行较好的机械分离，和(4)由于油滴没有破碎，增加了油滴的聚结速度。
选择多组分致冷剂的成分和在润滑油中使用的具体的聚α烯烃，使润滑油在致冷剂中的溶混性不超过1％，优选不超过500ppm。
在油淹没式压缩机10中，将多组分致冷剂和润滑油一起压缩，并以被压缩的致冷剂-润滑油流体2的形式离开压缩机10，致冷剂-润滑油流体2一般包括约10-20％(重量)的润滑油。将致冷剂-润滑油流体2通入主润滑油分离器20，主润滑油分离器20优选是重力澄清槽或旋流器类型的分离器。在分离器20中，由于润滑油在致冷剂中的溶混性非常低，所以在致冷剂-润滑油流体2中的大部分润滑油与流体分离，以液流3从分离器20排出，以润滑油循环流4直接返回压缩机10。
贫润滑油的致冷剂流体流5，一般包含约0.01-5％(重量)，典型的包含约1％(重量)的润滑油，使其从分离器20通入粗滴聚结过滤器25，在其中使润滑油含量降至十亿分之50-100000(ppb)，一般约7500ppb，再以液流6，从其中通入细滴聚结过滤器26，在其中将润滑油的含量降低至小于5ppb。机械聚结过滤器25和26运行时，捕获气溶胶中的油滴并使它们澄清，使在过滤元件内形成较大的油滴。由于润滑油的密度大于这一阶段在蒸气相中的多组分致冷剂的密度，所以润滑油随着油滴尺寸的增加，借重力下沉。油滴与多组分致冷剂蒸气分离，返回到压缩机。在附图中举出的本发明的实施方案中，润滑油以物流7从聚结过滤器系统25中排出，和以物流8从聚结过滤器系统26中排出，合并成物流9，使物流9加入循环液流4中，返回压缩机10。润滑油可通过内部的浮球阀组件返回压缩机。返回润滑油的其它方法包括，在润滑油出口连接件和压缩机曲轴箱之间，采用一个固定孔或捕获孔。可以采用电磁阀和时间继电器，或采用电磁阀和液位开关，使用电子方法控制润滑油的返回。如果需要，为了进一步降低多组分致冷剂流体中润滑油的含量，可以采用一个或多个附加的聚结过滤器，然而，所采用的每一个附加过滤器都会增加系统的压降。
使基本上不包含润滑油的多组分致冷剂蒸气，以物流11通入后冷却器30，在其中与冷却流体进行间接的热交换，除去压缩热而冷却，形成被压缩的多组分致冷剂流12。如果在致冷剂流12中发生一些凝结，就将其通入蒸气-液体分离器40。将二相流12分离成液体和蒸气部分，通常采用单独的集气管将蒸气部分加入热交换器中，以促进在不同的管道或通道中的均匀分布。在某些热交换器的结构和操作条件下，分离器40是不必要的，可将二相流12直接通入热交换器50中。
将多组分致冷剂供给热交换器50，多组分致冷剂在其中与正在变热的多组分致冷剂进行间接的热交换而冷却(这一点下面还将进一步地讨论)以生成被冷却的多组分致冷剂流31，其温度一般为250K-80K。然后使多组分致冷剂31通入膨胀装置，例如Joule-Thomson膨胀阀45，多组分致冷剂在其中膨胀致冷，得到载冷的多组分致冷剂流32，其压力一般为10-200psia，温度低于220K，一般为80至约220K。如果多组分致冷剂流31的膨胀造成一部分物流发生凝结，则物流32就可像附图中举出的那样，在蒸气-液体分离器41中经处理。
使载冷的多组分致冷剂在低温下通过热交换器50，载冷的多组分致冷剂在其中冷却如前述的多组分致冷剂，并向冷接受体供冷而变热。在附图所示的本发明的实施方案中，冷接受体是流体流51，冷接受体通过与正在变热的多组分致冷剂进行间接的热交换，而被冷却、液化和/或过度冷却。如附图中所示，从多组分致冷剂向冷接受体供冷，可以采用在其膨胀之前，冷却多组分致冷剂使用的同一个热交换器，或采用不同的热交换装置。能从正在变热的多组分致冷剂接受冷的冷接受体，包括致冷机或冷冻机系统内的大气，以及壁或物架之类的固体构件。
从热交换器50中排出的最终已经变热的多组分致冷剂，以物流52通入缓冲罐46，缓冲罐能确保无任何液体进入压缩机，多组分致冷剂以物流1从缓冲罐46进入压缩机10，重新开始致冷循环。
虽然已经参照一些优选的实施方案详细地说明了本发明，但本领域的技术人员应当承认，本发明还有其它一些实施方案，也在权利要求的内容和范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种提供致冷的方法，其中压缩致冷剂流体，并使其膨胀产生致冷，然后向冷接受体供冷而变热，其改进包括：
(A)采用多组分致冷剂作为致冷剂流体；
(B)采用压缩机压缩多组分致冷剂，压缩机采用聚α烯烃-基润滑油润滑；和
(C)在温度低于220K下供冷。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中在多组分致冷剂膨胀之前，使聚α烯烃-基润滑油与被压缩的多组分致冷剂分离，然后使被分离的润滑油通入压缩机。
3.权利要求1的方法，其中在多组分致冷剂膨胀之前，正在变热的多组分致冷剂也提供致冷，以冷却被压缩的多组分致冷剂。
4.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分致冷剂包括至少二种选自碳氟化合物、碳氟氢化合物、碳氟氯氢化合物、氟代醚、氟氢代醚、大气气体和烃的成分。
5.权利要求4的方法，其中多组分致冷剂只由碳氟化合物组成。
6.权利要求4的方法，其中多组分致冷剂只由氟氢代醚组成。
7.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分致冷剂包括至少一种大气气体。
8.一种提供致冷的设备，其中包括：
(A)润滑油润滑的压缩机、润滑油分离系统、使多组分致冷剂从压缩机进入润滑油分离系统的装置、和使润滑油从润滑油分离系统进入压缩机的装置；
(B)膨胀装置、热交换器、使多组分致冷剂从润滑油分离系统进入膨胀装置、从膨胀装置进入热交换器、和从热交换器进入压缩机的装置；和
(C)向热交换器提供冷接受体的装置，从而从多组分致冷剂向冷接受体供冷。
9.权利要求8的设备，其中润滑油分离系统包括主润滑油分离器和至少一个聚结过滤器。
10.权利要求8的设备，其中润滑油是聚α烯烃-基润滑油。
CN011218835A 2000-06-29 2001-06-28 采用多组分致冷剂的低温致冷压缩系统 Expired - Fee Related CN1218153C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/606088 2000-06-29
US09/606,088 US6330811B1 (en) 2000-06-29 2000-06-29 Compression system for cryogenic refrigeration with multicomponent refrigerant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1330253A true CN1330253A (zh) 2002-01-09
CN1218153C CN1218153C (zh) 2005-09-07

Family

ID=24426475

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN011218835A Expired - Fee Related CN1218153C (zh) 2000-06-29 2001-06-28 采用多组分致冷剂的低温致冷压缩系统

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US6330811B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1167903B1 (zh)
JP (2) JP2002061971A (zh)
KR (1) KR20020002275A (zh)
CN (1) CN1218153C (zh)
AR (1) AR028767A1 (zh)
AT (1) ATE290677T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU775902B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR0102616A (zh)
CA (1) CA2351851C (zh)
DE (1) DE60109234T2 (zh)
HU (1) HUP0102633A3 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA01006677A (zh)
NO (1) NO20013246L (zh)
PL (1) PL348346A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW505771B (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200105360B (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8921060B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2014-12-30 Basf Se Health-beneficial preparation and production method
CN105299957A (zh) * 2015-10-19 2016-02-03 中国科学院理化技术研究所 一种多元混合工质油润滑压缩机组的润滑油循环系统
CN108397975A (zh) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-14 株式会社神户制钢所 蒸发气体回收系统

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6513338B1 (en) * 1998-05-12 2003-02-04 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Refrigerant mixture for a mixture-throttling process
JP2004502024A (ja) 2000-06-28 2004-01-22 アイジーシー　ポリコールド　システムズ　インコーポレイテッド 極低温絞りサイクル冷凍システムに使用する不燃性混合冷媒
CN102200356B (zh) * 2001-02-23 2014-03-26 布鲁克斯自动化公司 超低温闭环再循环气体冷却系统
JP3671850B2 (ja) * 2001-03-16 2005-07-13 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル
US7478540B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2009-01-20 Brooks Automation, Inc. Methods of freezeout prevention and temperature control for very low temperature mixed refrigerant systems
US6532752B1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-03-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Food freezing system
US7163051B2 (en) * 2003-08-28 2007-01-16 Praxair Technology, Inc. Heat exchanger distributor for multicomponent heat exchange fluid
JP5452845B2 (ja) * 2004-01-28 2014-03-26 ブルックス オートメーション インコーポレイテッド 混合不活性成分冷媒を使用する冷媒サイクル
US20060260330A1 (en) 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Rosetta Martin J Air vaporizor
US8650906B2 (en) * 2007-04-25 2014-02-18 Black & Veatch Corporation System and method for recovering and liquefying boil-off gas
US9243842B2 (en) * 2008-02-15 2016-01-26 Black & Veatch Corporation Combined synthesis gas separation and LNG production method and system
US20100018316A1 (en) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 United Technologies Corporation NSMS flight laser detector cooling system
US10113127B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2018-10-30 Black & Veatch Holding Company Process for separating nitrogen from a natural gas stream with nitrogen stripping in the production of liquefied natural gas
WO2012075266A2 (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 Black & Veatch Corporation Ngl recovery from natural gas using a mixed refrigerant
US10139157B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2018-11-27 Black & Veatch Holding Company NGL recovery from natural gas using a mixed refrigerant
GB201211208D0 (en) * 2012-06-25 2012-08-08 Stenhouse James T Materials and methods to improve energy efficiency and enable ultra fast recovery after defrost cycle in cascade refrigeration systems
US10563913B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2020-02-18 Black & Veatch Holding Company Systems and methods for hydrocarbon refrigeration with a mixed refrigerant cycle
FR3016688B1 (fr) 2014-01-21 2019-04-05 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Compresseur, installation de refroidissement comprenant un tel compresseur et procede de refroidissement
US9574822B2 (en) 2014-03-17 2017-02-21 Black & Veatch Corporation Liquefied natural gas facility employing an optimized mixed refrigerant system
US10243784B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2019-03-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System for generating topology information and methods thereof
GB201912126D0 (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-10-09 Babcock Ip Man Number One Limited Method of cooling boil-off gas and apparatus therefor

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0496486T3 (da) * 1991-01-11 1994-03-28 Mobil Oil Corp Smøremiddelsammensætninger
US5554311A (en) * 1992-02-18 1996-09-10 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Lubricant for refrigerating machine employing refrigerant comprising hydrofluoroethane
US5355695A (en) 1992-11-30 1994-10-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Refrigeration device using hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant
US5353602A (en) 1993-03-25 1994-10-11 Calmac Manufacturing Corporation Non-steady-state self-regulating intermittent flow thermodynamic system
US5531080A (en) 1993-04-27 1996-07-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Refrigerant circulating system
US5337572A (en) 1993-05-04 1994-08-16 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Cryogenic refrigerator with single stage compressor
US5441658A (en) 1993-11-09 1995-08-15 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Cryogenic mixed gas refrigerant for operation within temperature ranges of 80°K- 100°K
US5866030A (en) * 1994-09-07 1999-02-02 Witco Corporation Enhanced hydrocarbon lubricants for use with immiscible refrigerants
SG75080A1 (en) 1994-11-29 2000-09-19 Sanyo Electric Co Refrigerating apparatus and lubricating oil composition
JP3422869B2 (ja) 1995-01-27 2003-06-30 新日本石油株式会社 Ｈｃｆｃ冷媒及びｈｆｃ冷媒に共用可能な冷凍機油組成物
US5724832A (en) 1995-03-29 1998-03-10 Mmr Technologies, Inc. Self-cleaning cryogenic refrigeration system
RU2161642C2 (ru) * 1995-07-10 2001-01-10 Идемицу Козан Ко., Лтд. Холодильное масло и способ смазывания системы охлаждения
US5706663A (en) 1995-11-20 1998-01-13 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. High efficiency throttle cryogenic refrigerator based on one stage compressor
JP3271905B2 (ja) * 1996-08-06 2002-04-08 出光興産株式会社 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物
JP3640749B2 (ja) * 1996-12-19 2005-04-20 シャープ株式会社 空気調和装置の冷凍サイクル
TW568254U (en) 1997-01-06 2003-12-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Refrigerant circulating apparatus
DE19814238A1 (de) * 1998-03-30 1999-07-29 Rwe Dea Ag Schmiermittel für Fluorkohlenwasserstoff-Kältemittel
US6041621A (en) 1998-12-30 2000-03-28 Praxair Technology, Inc. Single circuit cryogenic liquefaction of industrial gas
US6176102B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2001-01-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for providing refrigeration
US6041620A (en) 1998-12-30 2000-03-28 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic industrial gas liquefaction with hybrid refrigeration generation
US6053008A (en) 1998-12-30 2000-04-25 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for carrying out subambient temperature, especially cryogenic, separation using refrigeration from a multicomponent refrigerant fluid
JP4460085B2 (ja) * 1999-07-06 2010-05-12 出光興産株式会社 二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8921060B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2014-12-30 Basf Se Health-beneficial preparation and production method
CN105299957A (zh) * 2015-10-19 2016-02-03 中国科学院理化技术研究所 一种多元混合工质油润滑压缩机组的润滑油循环系统
CN108397975A (zh) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-14 株式会社神户制钢所 蒸发气体回收系统
CN108397975B (zh) * 2017-02-06 2020-10-23 株式会社神户制钢所 蒸发气体回收系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2007078343A (ja) 2007-03-29
DE60109234D1 (de) 2005-04-14
HU0102633D0 (en) 2001-08-28
EP1167903A1 (en) 2002-01-02
JP2002061971A (ja) 2002-02-28
PL348346A1 (en) 2002-01-02
CN1218153C (zh) 2005-09-07
CA2351851C (en) 2004-08-31
AR028767A1 (es) 2003-05-21
KR20020002275A (ko) 2002-01-09
AU775902B2 (en) 2004-08-19
DE60109234T2 (de) 2006-02-09
ZA200105360B (en) 2002-06-28
CA2351851A1 (en) 2001-12-29
NO20013246L (no) 2001-12-31
TW505771B (en) 2002-10-11
HUP0102633A2 (hu) 2002-01-28
BR0102616A (pt) 2002-02-13
EP1167903B1 (en) 2005-03-09
HUP0102633A3 (en) 2002-02-28
AU5413401A (en) 2002-01-03
JP4787916B2 (ja) 2011-10-05
NO20013246D0 (no) 2001-06-28
US6330811B1 (en) 2001-12-18
MXPA01006677A (es) 2004-07-30
ATE290677T1 (de) 2005-03-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1218153C (zh) 采用多组分致冷剂的低温致冷压缩系统
US6065305A (en) Multicomponent refrigerant cooling with internal recycle
EP1016842B1 (en) Single circuit cryogenic liquefaction of industrial gas with multicomponent refrigerant
EP1016836B1 (en) Method for providing refrigeration
Missimer Refrigerant conversion of auto-refrigerating cascade (ARC) systems
JP2009155660A (ja) 極低温絞りサイクル冷凍システムに使用する不燃性混合冷媒
KR20050044928A (ko) 액체 주입을 이용하는 스크롤형 압축기를 구비한 극저온냉동 시스템
KR20000052601A (ko) 산업 가스의 다중 순회 극저온 액화
CN1500195A (zh) 使用共沸流体预冷却的工业气体液化
US20040124394A1 (en) Non-HCFC refrigerant mixture for an ultra-low temperature refrigeration system
US6495061B1 (en) Refrigerant for providing ultra-low temperature
JP2764489B2 (ja) 冷凍装置用冷媒及び該冷媒を用いる冷凍装置
JP2013108086A (ja) 極低温絞りサイクル冷凍システムに使用する不燃性混合冷媒
US20230125257A1 (en) Low gwp heat transfer compositions
JPH08165465A (ja) 冷媒組成物及び冷凍装置
JPH08136069A (ja) 非共沸冷媒混合物を用いた冷凍装置
JPH08105660A (ja) 冷媒組成物及びこれを用いた冷凍装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20180820

Address after: Massachusetts, USA

Patentee after: Brooks Automation, Inc.

Address before: American Connecticut

Patentee before: Praxair Technology, Inc.

TR01 Transfer of patent right
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20200213

Address after: New York State, USA

Patentee after: Edwards Vacuum LLC

Address before: Massachusetts, USA

Patentee before: BROOKS AUTOMATION, Inc.

TR01 Transfer of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20050907

Termination date: 20200628

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee