JP4754523B2 - Mango year-round cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mango year-round cultivation method capable of harvesting throughout the year.

  Conventionally, in order to harvest a desired crop at a desired time, a hybrid environmental control in which a heating machine and a heat pump for causing an optimum environment for the desired crop to appear in a house has been put into practical use.

  Moreover, in such house cultivation, in general, a heat pump, a heater, a dehumidifier, an embedded cooling pipe, an embedded hot water pipe, an automatic watering machine, etc. are used to make a desired environment appear in the house regardless of the season. be able to.

For example, as a system for supplying energy necessary for cultivation, a relatively small agricultural facility shape that uses a cogeneration facility that operates with gas fuel and produces heat and electricity, and that is handled by a plant cultivation house alone Have proposed that the management of the medium suitable for the plants cultivated in the house and the growth of the plants should be carried out efficiently. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1.)
House oranges also have an underground cooling facility for cooling the ground around the mandarin orange tree to an arbitrary temperature, and a temperature control facility for controlling the internal temperature, which includes a ventilator, a watering device, and a heating device. It has been proposed to cultivate mandarin oranges using a house equipped with irrigation equipment for irrigating the soil, and to ship mandarin oranges to the market early in the early spring, which is earlier than usual. (For example, see Patent Document 2.)
Moreover, in the year-round cultivation of vegetables, a method for year-round cultivation of asparagus has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3.)
JP 2007-020524 A (summary, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-36997 (summary, FIG. 2) JP 2006-246829 A (summary, FIG. 1)

  Conventionally, methods such as double cropping or triple cropping have been put into practical use by using the same cultivated land in one year. However, these are all cultivated by alternately planting different crops at different times, and do not produce the same crop on the same cultivated land.

  The above-mentioned method for year-round cultivation of asparagus is a method in which the same vegetable can be obtained all year round. However, year-round cultivation of this asparagus is a method limited to asparagus, which can be applied to other plants. It is not a method that can be applied as it is.

  In addition, it can be said that the cultivation of house oranges that can be shipped early in the spring is due to the development of forcing cultivation technology, but the next shipment is the same spring in the following year, and it is not possible to grow oranges throughout the year.

  House mandarin oranges, house cocoons, and house cocoons are on the market almost throughout the year in each area, and cultivated in a house so that they do not overlap with other areas such as controlled cultivation, normal cultivation, and forcing cultivation. Because of this, they are not grown all year round in the same area.

  Such house environments such as controlled cultivation, normal cultivation, and forcing cultivation are realized through the use of the hybrid environment control and cogeneration facilities described above. If you can cultivate the same crop or fruit throughout the year, you can eat the same crop or fruit throughout the year. Since it is possible to prevent danger, it is possible to secure profits.

  In view of the above-described conventional situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a mango year-round cultivation method capable of harvesting throughout the year.

  The mango year-round cultivation method of the present invention divides a greenhouse house into n (2 ≦ n ≦ 12) cultivation regions, and maintains the cultivation environment in a seasonal environment shifted by 12 / n months for each of the n cultivation regions. Then, mango seeds are planted with a 12 / n month shift, and mangoes are cultivated through the mango germination period, fertilization, flowering, fertilization, physiological fall, fruit removal, and fertilization until the maturity harvest period. While controlling the temperature according to the seasonal environment set for each cultivation area after harvesting, it repeats pruning, fertilization, flower bud differentiation, covering, fertilization and waiting for the next germination for each of the six cultivation areas Thus, it is configured to harvest mature mango from the house every 12 / n months.

  According to the present invention, mango can be harvested throughout the year in the same house, and the ripening period is controlled to match the ripening period with a high profit period, or the ripening period is dispersed to prevent the risk of a crash. Can be secured to secure profits.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a basic operation process diagram showing a growing process when mango is cultivated in a greenhouse in a normal environment. Even if it is cultivated in a normal environment, since mango is a subtropical plant, the optimum cultivation temperature is 24 ° C to 30 ° C. In addition, the hibernation temperature in the dormant period is 7 ° C to 8 ° C, and preferably 10 ° C to 15 ° C if possible.

  Basic work process diagram 1 of FIG. 1 shows the period of one year from January to December. In the process chart below, the heating period is shown at the top and the bottom. March to June is a heating period of 24 ° C to 30 ° C, and November to February is a heating period of 10 ° C to 15 ° C.

  In addition, the heating control of the house requires not only the heating of the air in the house but also the heating of the soil and the adjustment of the air and the humidity of the soil. However, in this example, since the environmental control is established by, for example, hybrid environmental control as described above, the description is omitted, and only the planting work process along one year and 12 months will be described.

Although not shown in FIG. 1, January is the rainy season of India, the country of origin. Therefore, irrigation is performed in January. February is the dry season, and temperature adjustment from 24 ° C to 30 ° C begins around this time.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, February is a germination period, those planted with seeds germinate from seeds, and those that overwinter germinate from those with flower bud differentiation. Waiting for this germination, the fertilization period is around the end of February.

  After this fertilization period, it blooms in March. Although not shown in the process chart, watering is moderately performed at the time of flowering. Fertilize again from this flowering to the end of March. From the end of March to the beginning of April, the menstrual fall begins.

  Waiting for this fruit drop, fruit is picked from the beginning to the middle of April. Many fruits of this time are about the size of pachinko spheres in one branch, but leave them at a ratio of about three on two branches, then remove them all and discard them.

It is said that there is a reason for the number of fruits to be harvested. Then, fertilize from the end of April to the beginning of May.
Eventually, fruit begins to mature in June. The harvest season is from early June to July, and the harvested fruits are packed and shipped to the market.

At the end of July when the harvest is over, the summer branch is paid and fertilization is done in August. And in September, we will pay the autumn branches and fertilize again. This pruning is an operation to cut back the unsettled pupae.
After that, the soil is dried and the nutrients in the fruit trees are cut off. Flower bud differentiation refers to the state in which the buds at the tip of the main branch of the previous year grow.

  During this period, the temperature of the outside air is low in Japan, so in order to increase the heating effect of the house, a further house is made in the house to make the house structure a double tunnel, and the lower tunnel is covered with a heat insulating film material. “Coating”. In addition, fertilizer is applied with this, and the inside of the house is kept at 10 ° C. to 15 ° C. and allowed to overwinter.

In this way, in the basic work process of mango cultivation, the work process is completed in 12 months a year, and the harvest season is from June to July every year.
In this example, without ending the basic work process of mango cultivation in one year, the same house is divided into six cultivated land, and the seasonal environment of 1 year and 12 months is shifted by 2 months, Reproduced in 6 cultivated lands and mango cultivated throughout the year using the 6 cultivated lands.

  FIG. 2 is a year-round cultivation work process diagram for explaining the mango year-round cultivation method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the house of this example has the same greenhouse house divided into six cultivation areas from the first house to the sixth house.

  And for each of these six cultivation regions, the cultivation environment is maintained in a seasonal environment that is shifted by two months. That is, as shown in the figure, the first house is exactly the same as shown in FIG. 1, and the year of the year starts in January, while the second house in January is 11 in the first house. It starts from the moon.

  Similarly, January of the third house starts in September of the first house, January of the fourth house starts in July of the first house, and January of the fifth house is 5 of the first house. Starting from the moon, January of the 6th house starts in March of the 1st house.

  In other words, when the first house is in the January seasonal environment, the second house is in the March seasonal environment, the third house is in the May seasonal environment, and the fourth house is in the July season. In the environment, the fifth house is in the September seasonal environment, and the sixth house is in the November seasonal environment.

  In this way, in 6 cultivation areas from the 1st house to the 6th house, the seedlings of mango are staggered by 2 months each, and after mango germination, fertilization, flowering, fertilization, physiological drop, fruit removal, fertilization, When mango is cultivated until the matured harvest season, year-round harvesting of mango is realized as shown by hatching in the year-round cultivation work process diagram 2 of the figure.

  That is, mango is harvested from the first house in June / July, from the second house in August / September, from the third house in October / November, and from the fourth house to 12th. -Harvested in January, harvested from House 5 in February and March, and harvested from House 6 in April and May.

  In each of these six cultivation areas, the next germination is carried out after branching, fertilization, flower bud differentiation, covering, and fertilization while controlling the temperature according to the seasonal environment set for each cultivation area after harvesting the mango. Repeat to wait. As a result, mature mango is harvested from this greenhouse every two months throughout the year.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, although the cultivation area | region is divided | segmented into 6, it may divide into any number, if it is not limited to this and the division | segmentation number is 2 or more and 12 or less. If the number of divisions is large, the mango harvest months will be continuous, and if the number of divisions is small, there will be an interval between the mango harvest months, but it will not be limited to harvesting at least once a year.

It is a figure which shows the growth process when cultivating a mango normally in a greenhouse. It is a figure explaining the method of the mango year-round cultivation of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Basic work process diagram 2 Annual work process diagram

Claims (1)

The greenhouse house is divided into n (2 ≦ n ≦ 12) cultivation areas,
For each of the n cultivation areas,
Maintain the cultivation environment in a seasonal environment that is 12 / n months apart,
Planting mango seeds at 12 / n months each
From mango germination period to fertilization, flowering, fertilization, physiological drop, fruit picking, fertilization, cultivating mango until maturity harvest time,
Each of the above n cultivations is subjected to branching, fertilization, flower bud differentiation, covering, fertilization and waiting for the next germination while controlling the temperature according to the seasonal environment set for each cultivation area after harvesting each mango Repeat for each area
Harvest mature mango from the house every 12 / n months,
Mango year-round cultivation method characterized by

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