JP4693049B2 - 薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 - Google Patents
薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4693049B2 JP4693049B2 JP2005504726A JP2005504726A JP4693049B2 JP 4693049 B2 JP4693049 B2 JP 4693049B2 JP 2005504726 A JP2005504726 A JP 2005504726A JP 2005504726 A JP2005504726 A JP 2005504726A JP 4693049 B2 JP4693049 B2 JP 4693049B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gallate
- oxacillin
- activity
- pharmaceutical composition
- lactam antibiotic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 206010041925 Staphylococcal infections Diseases 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003782 beta lactam antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229940124586 β-lactam antibiotics Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002132 β-lactam antibiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 n- propyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- UWYHMGVUTGAWSP-JKIFEVAISA-N oxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UWYHMGVUTGAWSP-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229960001019 oxacillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- UQLLWWBDSUHNEB-CZUORRHYSA-N Cefaprin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@@H]2N(C1=O)C(=C(CS2)COC(=O)C)C(O)=O)C(=O)CSC1=CC=NC=C1 UQLLWWBDSUHNEB-CZUORRHYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N Methicillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960004350 cefapirin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960003085 meticillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960000723 ampicillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N ampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GNWUOVJNSFPWDD-XMZRARIVSA-M Cefoxitin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].N([C@]1(OC)C(N2C(=C(COC(N)=O)CS[C@@H]21)C([O-])=O)=O)C(=O)CC1=CC=CS1 GNWUOVJNSFPWDD-XMZRARIVSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002682 cefoxitin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940056360 penicillin g Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019371 penicillin G benzathine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037942 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- FPPNZSSZRUTDAP-UWFZAAFLSA-N carbenicillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)C(C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FPPNZSSZRUTDAP-UWFZAAFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003669 carbenicillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004261 cefotaxime Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- AZZMGZXNTDTSME-JUZDKLSSSA-M cefotaxime sodium Chemical compound [Na+].N([C@@H]1C(N2C(=C(COC(C)=O)CS[C@@H]21)C([O-])=O)=O)C(=O)\C(=N/OC)C1=CSC(N)=N1 AZZMGZXNTDTSME-JUZDKLSSSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002588 cefradine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001668 cefuroxime Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JFPVXVDWJQMJEE-IZRZKJBUSA-N cefuroxime Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2C(=C(COC(N)=O)CS[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)\C(=N/OC)C1=CC=CO1 JFPVXVDWJQMJEE-IZRZKJBUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RDLPVSKMFDYCOR-UEKVPHQBSA-N cephradine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@@H]3N(C2=O)C(=C(CS3)C)C(O)=O)=CCC=CC1 RDLPVSKMFDYCOR-UEKVPHQBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000015688 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- NONJJLVGHLVQQM-JHXYUMNGSA-N phenethicillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NONJJLVGHLVQQM-JHXYUMNGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004894 pheneticillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- TYMABNNERDVXID-DLYFRVTGSA-N Panipenem Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)C=1S[C@H]1CCN(C(C)=N)C1 TYMABNNERDVXID-DLYFRVTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950011346 panipenem Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000017399 Caesalpinia tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000388430 Tara Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013376 functional food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- LVJJFMLUMNSUFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallocatechin gallate Natural products C1=C(O)C=C2OC(C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)C(O)CC2=C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LVJJFMLUMNSUFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YBMTWYWCLVMFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 YBMTWYWCLVMFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FBSFWRHWHYMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 FBSFWRHWHYMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 8
- VFPFQHQNJCMNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl gallate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VFPFQHQNJCMNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 8
- LSHVYAFMTMFKBA-PZJWPPBQSA-N (+)-catechin-3-O-gallate Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC2=C(O)C=C(C=C2O[C@@H]1C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LSHVYAFMTMFKBA-PZJWPPBQSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 7
- AAWZDTNXLSGCEK-LNVDRNJUSA-N (3r,5r)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CC(O)(C(O)=O)C[C@@H](O)C1O AAWZDTNXLSGCEK-LNVDRNJUSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UCLHVCFKZSLALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCLHVCFKZSLALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AAWZDTNXLSGCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cordycepinsaeure Natural products OC1CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)C1O AAWZDTNXLSGCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WMBWREPUVVBILR-GHTZIAJQSA-N (+)-gallocatechin gallate Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC2=C(O)C=C(C=C2O[C@@H]1C=1C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 WMBWREPUVVBILR-GHTZIAJQSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LSHVYAFMTMFKBA-TZIWHRDSSA-N (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1CC2=C(O)C=C(C=C2O[C@@H]1C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LSHVYAFMTMFKBA-TZIWHRDSSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 5
- LSHVYAFMTMFKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ECG Natural products C=1C=C(O)C(O)=CC=1C1OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2CC1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LSHVYAFMTMFKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WMBWREPUVVBILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N GCG Natural products C=1C(O)=C(O)C(O)=CC=1C1OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2CC1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 WMBWREPUVVBILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AAWZDTNXLSGCEK-ZHQZDSKASA-N Quinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1CC(O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H](O)C1O AAWZDTNXLSGCEK-ZHQZDSKASA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108010059993 Vancomycin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XOPOEBVTQYAOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XOPOEBVTQYAOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IBKQQKPQRYUGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl gallate Natural products CC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 IBKQQKPQRYUGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GBNSPDJKJDIAFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinic acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C1(O)CC(O)C(O)C(O)C1 GBNSPDJKJDIAFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229960003165 vancomycin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N vancomycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC)[C@H]1C[C@](C)(N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N vancomycin Natural products O1C(C(=C2)Cl)=CC=C2C(O)C(C(NC(C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C=2C(O)=CC=C3C=2)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C3NC(=O)C2NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC)C(O)C(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3OC3=CC2=CC1=C3OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1CC(C)(N)C(O)C(C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000004262 Ethyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108010087702 Penicillinase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001424341 Tara spinosa Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019277 ethyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- NRPKURNSADTHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl gallate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NRPKURNSADTHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 229950009506 penicillinase Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000204 Dipeptidase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melanin Chemical compound O=C1C(=O)C(C2=CNC3=C(C(C(=O)C4=C32)=O)C)=C2C4=CNC2=C1C XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000006635 beta-lactamase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZAIPMKNFIOOWCQ-UEKVPHQBSA-N cephalexin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@@H]3N(C2=O)C(=C(CS3)C)C(O)=O)=CC=CC=C1 ZAIPMKNFIOOWCQ-UEKVPHQBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001782 cephems Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014510 cooky Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AOTRKUOCGUXQCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 AOTRKUOCGUXQCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSNJEADFLJNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 KSNJEADFLJNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-SWLSCSKDSA-N (+)-Epigallocatechin Natural products C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-SWLSCSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-ZFWWWQNUSA-N (+)-epicatechin Natural products C1([C@@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-ZFWWWQNUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N (-)-epicatechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JETQIUPBHQNHNZ-NJBDSQKTSA-N (2s,5r,6r)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[[(2r)-2-phenyl-2-sulfoacetyl]amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=CC=C1 JETQIUPBHQNHNZ-NJBDSQKTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORFOPKXBNMVMKC-CEZXYXJGSA-N (6S,7S)-7-[[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(2-carboxypropan-2-yloxyimino)acetyl]amino]-8-oxo-3-(pyridin-1-ium-1-ylmethyl)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(O\N=C(/C(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H]2SCC(C[n+]3ccccc3)=C(N2C1=O)C([O-])=O)c1csc(N)n1)C(O)=O ORFOPKXBNMVMKC-CEZXYXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVPAABNYMHNFJG-QDVBXLKVSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanoyloxymethyl (6r,7r)-7-[[(z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)pent-2-enoyl]amino]-3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2C(=C(COC(N)=O)CS[C@@H]21)C(=O)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(=O)\C(=C/CC)C1=CSC(N)=N1 WVPAABNYMHNFJG-QDVBXLKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWKSKIMOESPYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetamido-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)NC(CS)C(O)=O PWKSKIMOESPYIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEOHIPMSHPWYAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-tetra-O-galloylquinic acid Natural products C=1C(O)=C(O)C(O)=CC=1C(=O)OC1C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)CC(C(=O)O)(O)CC1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 PEOHIPMSHPWYAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHELIUBJHYAEDK-OAIUPTLZSA-N Aspoxicillin Chemical compound C1([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(N3[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]32)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC(=O)NC)=CC=C(O)C=C1 BHELIUBJHYAEDK-OAIUPTLZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 C[C@@](*)(CC1)C[C@@](*I)[C@@]1OC Chemical compound C[C@@](*)(CC1)C[C@@](*I)[C@@]1OC 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000301850 Cupressus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 1
- JWCSIUVGFCSJCK-CAVRMKNVSA-N Disodium Moxalactam Chemical compound N([C@]1(OC)C(N2C(=C(CSC=3N(N=NN=3)C)CO[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C(C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JWCSIUVGFCSJCK-CAVRMKNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ellagic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(OC2=O)=C3C4=C2C=C(O)C(O)=C4OC(=O)C3=C1 AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N Ellagic acid Natural products OC1=C(O)[C@H]2OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c4OC(=O)C(=C1)[C@H]2c34 ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002079 Ellagic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010014970 Ephelides Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UIOFUWFRIANQPC-JKIFEVAISA-N Floxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=C(F)C=CC=C1Cl UIOFUWFRIANQPC-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287826 Gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Epigallocatechin Natural products OC1CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Methionine Natural products CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195722 L-methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000003351 Melanosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029155 Nephropathy toxic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033109 Ototoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930195708 Penicillin V Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCBIBCJNVBAKAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Procaine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HCBIBCJNVBAKAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000295644 Staphylococcaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010042496 Sunburn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000003425 Tyrosinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060008724 Tyrosinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950007474 acoxil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940126575 aminoglycoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003022 amoxicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LSQZJLSUYDQPKJ-NJBDSQKTSA-N amoxicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)=CC=C(O)C=C1 LSQZJLSUYDQPKJ-NJBDSQKTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124350 antibacterial drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003589 arginine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000202 aspoxicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002699 bacampicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PFOLLRNADZZWEX-FFGRCDKISA-N bacampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@@H]3N(C2=O)[C@H](C(S3)(C)C)C(=O)OC(C)OC(=O)OCC)=CC=CC=C1 PFOLLRNADZZWEX-FFGRCDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003460 beta-lactamyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZTQZXZIADLWOZ-CRAIPNDOSA-N cefaloridine Chemical compound O=C([C@@H](NC(=O)CC=1SC=CC=1)[C@H]1SC2)N1C(C(=O)[O-])=C2C[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 CZTQZXZIADLWOZ-CRAIPNDOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003866 cefaloridine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XIURVHNZVLADCM-IUODEOHRSA-N cefalotin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@@H]2N(C1=O)C(=C(CS2)COC(=O)C)C(O)=O)C(=O)CC1=CC=CS1 XIURVHNZVLADCM-IUODEOHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000603 cefalotin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001139 cefazolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLYYVTUWGNIJIB-BXKDBHETSA-N cefazolin Chemical compound S1C(C)=NN=C1SCC1=C(C(O)=O)N2C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN3N=NN=C3)[C@H]2SC1 MLYYVTUWGNIJIB-BXKDBHETSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMSRCGPDNDCXFR-CYWZMYCQSA-N cefbuperazone Chemical compound O=C1C(=O)N(CC)CCN1C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@]1(OC)C(=O)N2C(C(O)=O)=C(CSC=3N(N=NN=3)C)CS[C@@H]21 SMSRCGPDNDCXFR-CYWZMYCQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001817 cefbuperazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004627 cefcapene pivoxil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003719 cefdinir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RTXOFQZKPXMALH-GHXIOONMSA-N cefdinir Chemical compound S1C(N)=NC(C(=N\O)\C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(N3C(=C(C=C)CS[C@@H]32)C(O)=O)=O)=C1 RTXOFQZKPXMALH-GHXIOONMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFZFFLVORLEPPO-UVYJNCLZSA-N cefditoren pivoxil Chemical compound S([C@@H]1[C@@H](C(N1C=1C(=O)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)=O)NC(=O)\C(=N/OC)C=2N=C(N)SC=2)CC=1\C=C/C=1SC=NC=1C AFZFFLVORLEPPO-UVYJNCLZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002142 cefditoren pivoxil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002100 cefepime Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HVFLCNVBZFFHBT-ZKDACBOMSA-N cefepime Chemical compound S([C@@H]1[C@@H](C(N1C=1C([O-])=O)=O)NC(=O)\C(=N/OC)C=2N=C(N)SC=2)CC=1C[N+]1(C)CCCC1 HVFLCNVBZFFHBT-ZKDACBOMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DASYMCLQENWCJG-XUKDPADISA-N cefetamet pivoxil Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2C(=C(C)CS[C@@H]21)C(=O)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)=O)C(=O)\C(=N/OC)C1=CSC(N)=N1 DASYMCLQENWCJG-XUKDPADISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000726 cefetamet pivoxil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XAKKNLNAJBNLPC-MAYKBZFQSA-N cefluprenam Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@@H]2N(C1=O)C(=C(CS2)/C=C/C[N+](C)(CC)CC(N)=O)C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(=N/OCF)\C1=NSC(N)=N1 XAKKNLNAJBNLPC-MAYKBZFQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001334 cefluprenam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003791 cefmenoxime Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HJJDBAOLQAWBMH-YCRCPZNHSA-N cefmenoxime Chemical compound S([C@@H]1[C@@H](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)\C(=N/OC)C=2N=C(N)SC=2)CC=1CSC1=NN=NN1C HJJDBAOLQAWBMH-YCRCPZNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSDXOWVAHXDYCU-VXSYNFHWSA-N cefminox Chemical compound S([C@@H]1[C@@](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)(NC(=O)CSC[C@@H](N)C(O)=O)OC)CC=1CSC1=NN=NN1C JSDXOWVAHXDYCU-VXSYNFHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002025 cefminox Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001958 cefodizime Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XDZKBRJLTGRPSS-BGZQYGJUSA-N cefodizime Chemical compound S([C@@H]1[C@@H](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)\C(=N/OC)C=2N=C(N)SC=2)CC=1CSC1=NC(C)=C(CC(O)=O)S1 XDZKBRJLTGRPSS-BGZQYGJUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004682 cefoperazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCFBRXLSHGKWDP-XCGNWRKASA-N cefoperazone Chemical compound O=C1C(=O)N(CC)CCN1C(=O)N[C@H](C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2C(C(O)=O)=C(CSC=3N(N=NN=3)C)CS[C@@H]21 GCFBRXLSHGKWDP-XCGNWRKASA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRZNHPXWXCNNDU-RHBCBLIFSA-N cefotetan Chemical compound N([C@]1(OC)C(N2C(=C(CSC=3N(N=NN=3)C)CS[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1SC(=C(C(N)=O)C(O)=O)S1 SRZNHPXWXCNNDU-RHBCBLIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005495 cefotetan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QDUIJCOKQCCXQY-WHJQOFBOSA-N cefozopran Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2C(=C(CN3C4=CC=CN=[N+]4C=C3)CS[C@@H]21)C([O-])=O)=O)C(=O)\C(=N/OC)C1=NSC(N)=N1 QDUIJCOKQCCXQY-WHJQOFBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002642 cefozopran Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000484 ceftazidime Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001991 ceftizoxime Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNULBSISHYWZJU-LLKWHZGFSA-N ceftizoxime Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2C(=CCS[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)\C(=N/OC)C1=CSC(N)=N1 NNULBSISHYWZJU-LLKWHZGFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004755 ceftriaxone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VAAUVRVFOQPIGI-SPQHTLEESA-N ceftriaxone Chemical compound S([C@@H]1[C@@H](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)\C(=N/OC)C=2N=C(N)SC=2)CC=1CSC1=NC(=O)C(=O)NN1C VAAUVRVFOQPIGI-SPQHTLEESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940106164 cephalexin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004926 chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LQOLIRLGBULYKD-JKIFEVAISA-N cloxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl LQOLIRLGBULYKD-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003326 cloxacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGBLNBBNRORJKI-WCABBAIRSA-N cyclacillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)C1(N)CCCCC1 HGBLNBBNRORJKI-WCABBAIRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004244 cyclacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFAGHNZHGGCZAX-JKIFEVAISA-N dicloxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl YFAGHNZHGGCZAX-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001585 dicloxacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RCKMWOKWVGPNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylcarbamazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)N1CCN(C)CC1 RCKMWOKWVGPNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002828 disc diffusion antibiotic sensitivity testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002852 ellagic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004132 ellagic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-IUODEOHRSA-N epi-Gallocatechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-IUODEOHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPTRNLNOHUVQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N epicatechin Natural products Cc1cc(O)cc2OC(C(O)Cc12)c1ccc(O)c(O)c1 LPTRNLNOHUVQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012734 epicatechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZYNKLUGCOSVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N epigallocatechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3 DZYNKLUGCOSVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC.CCOC(C)=O OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002878 flomoxef Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHRBTBZOWWGKMK-DOMZBBRYSA-N flomoxef Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)(NC(=O)CSC(F)F)OC)CC=1CSC1=NN=NN1CCO UHRBTBZOWWGKMK-DOMZBBRYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004273 floxacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002824 gallotannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 229960003884 hetacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DXVUYOAEDJXBPY-NFFDBFGFSA-N hetacillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2C(=O)N(C(N2)(C)C)[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 DXVUYOAEDJXBPY-NFFDBFGFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002885 histidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000433 latamoxef Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZKUKMWMSYCIYRD-ZXFNITATSA-N lenampicillin Chemical compound O1C(=O)OC(COC(=O)[C@H]2C(S[C@H]3N2C([C@H]3NC(=O)[C@H](N)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=O)(C)C)=C1C ZKUKMWMSYCIYRD-ZXFNITATSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005831 lenampicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YECIFGHRMFEPJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].CC[NH+](CC)CC(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C YECIFGHRMFEPJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003589 local anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005015 local anesthetics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003120 macrolide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041033 macrolides Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004452 methionine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FAARLWTXUUQFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylellagic acid Natural products O1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C3=C2C2=C1C(OC)=C(O)C=C2C(=O)O3 FAARLWTXUUQFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000417 nephrotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007694 nephrotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000574 octyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010387 octyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000262 ototoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- LSQZJLSUYDQPKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Hydroxyampicillin Natural products O=C1N2C(C(O)=O)C(C)(C)SC2C1NC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LSQZJLSUYDQPKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940056367 penicillin v Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002960 penicillins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N phenoxymethylpenicillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002292 piperacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WCMIIGXFCMNQDS-IDYPWDAWSA-M piperacillin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C(=O)N(CC)CCN1C(=O)N[C@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C([O-])=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 WCMIIGXFCMNQDS-IDYPWDAWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001309 procaine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HOCWPKXKMNXINF-XQERAMJGSA-N propicillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C(CC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HOCWPKXKMNXINF-XQERAMJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003672 propicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007660 quinolones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003109 sodium starch glycolate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940079832 sodium starch glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008109 sodium starch glycolate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009495 sugar coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004932 sulbenicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004659 ticarcillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OHKOGUYZJXTSFX-KZFFXBSXSA-N ticarcillin Chemical compound C=1([C@@H](C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C=CSC=1 OHKOGUYZJXTSFX-KZFFXBSXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WODIFPGOPHHDSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 WODIFPGOPHHDSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
- A61K31/542—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/545—Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine
- A61K31/546—Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. cephalothin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/235—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/429—Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/43—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/429—Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/43—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems
- A61K31/431—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. ticarcillin, azlocillin, oxacillin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
- A61K31/542—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/545—Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Description
本発明に用いられる「タラ」は、日本のタラノキとは別のペルー原産のマメ科のTara(学名 Caesalpinia spinosa)であり、このタラには、メラニン色素をつくる酵素チロシナーゼを抑制するエラグ酸が含まれ、シミ・ソバカスを防ぎ美白作用があることが知られている(例えば、後記非特許文献1参照)。また、タラから抽出されたガロタンニンに脱臭作用があるとの開示もある(例えば、後記特許文献1参照)。
しかし、タラ抽出物がβ−ラクタム系抗生物質との組み合わせによる耐性菌に対する増強活性は知られていない。
本発明の第2の態様は、多価フェノール誘導体または医薬的に許容され得るそれらの塩を有効成分として含むタラ抽出物を含むβ−ラクタム系抗生物質の活性増強剤である。
本発明の「タラ」は、ペルー原産のマメ科のTara(学名 Caesalpinia spinosa)であり、全草中に多価フェノール誘導体を約0.25%含む。タラ抽出物とはタラを適当な有機溶媒または水で抽出したものをいう。有機溶媒とは例えばメタノール、エタノールをいい、水との混液であってもよい。また、タラはどの部位であってもよい。多価フェノール誘導体は50%エタノール抽出エキス中に約0.32%含まれている。各種ガレート類は市販のものを用いることができる。
β−ラクタム系抗生物質は、好ましくは、オキサシリン、セファピリン、アンピシリン、ペニシリン、セフォキシチンであり、より好ましくは、オキサシリンおよびセファピリンである。
で表すことができる。
本発明の第4の態様は、タラ抽出物およびタラ抽出物より得られた多価フェノール誘導体とβ−ラクタム抗生物質を有効成分として含む薬剤耐性菌用消毒剤である。
本発明の第5の態様は、抗生物質の薬剤耐性菌に対する活性を増強させる多価フェノール誘導体および/またはタラ抽出物を含む薬剤耐性菌感染症の予防または改善のための機能性食品である。
また、本発明の多価フェノール誘導体、抗生物質または抗菌薬には製薬上許容され得るそれらの塩が含まれる。製薬上許容され得る塩とは、例えばナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム等の塩、およびプロカイン、ジベンジルアミン等のアミン塩類や塩酸塩等の酸添加塩など、通常用いられる医薬的に許容可能な塩を意味する。また、他の医薬有効成分とともに処方することができる。
本発明の多価フェノール誘導体および/またはタラ抽出物の投与形態としては、通常の抗生物質と同様に非経口投与、経口投与または局所投与があげられる。一般的には、注射剤による投与が好適である。この場合注射剤は常法により調製され、注射剤の形態として、適当なビヒクル、例えば滅菌した蒸留水、生理食塩水等で溶解される場合も含まれる。
予防・治療で用いる多価フェノール誘導体とβ−ラクタム系抗生物質との併用剤の合計投与量は、組み合わせる薬剤の種類や、その併用比、または年齢、体重、患者の症状および投与経路によって変えることができ、例えば、成人(体重50kg)に対して投与する場合は、1回投与当たり、組み合わせた両薬剤の和で10mg〜2gを1日に1回から3回経口投与する。これらの投与量および投与経路を変化させることによって最良の治療効果をあげるようにする。
本発明の医薬組成物は、通常、常法に従って調製され、医薬的に適切な形態で投与される。例えば、固体経口形態は、活性化合物と共に、ラクトース、デキストロース、サッカロース、セルロース、トウモロコシ澱粉およびジャガイモ澱粉などの希釈剤、シリカ、タルク、ステアリン酸、ステアリン酸マグネシウムまたはステアリン酸カルシウムおよび/またはポリエチレングリコールなどの滑沢剤、澱粉、アラビアゴム、ゼラチン、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリジンなどの結合剤、澱粉、アルギン酸、アルギン酸塩、グリコール酸デンプンナトリウムなどの崩壊剤、発泡剤、色素、甘味料、例えばレシチン、ポリソルベート、ラウリル硫酸塩などの湿潤剤、および一般に非毒性および医薬的処方に用いられる薬学的に非活性な物質を含んでいてもよい。
非経口投与の場合、直腸への適用を意図した坐剤でも可能であるが汎用剤形は注射剤である。注射剤では液体製剤、用時溶解型製剤、懸濁製剤などの外観を異にする剤形があるが、基本的には活性成分を適当な方法により無菌化したのち、直接容器に入れ、密封する点で同一と考えられる。
この場合汎用される媒体は注射用蒸留水であるが、本発明においては、これに拘束されるものではない。また必要ならば、塩酸プロカイン、塩酸キシロカイン、ベンジルアルコールおよびフェノールなどの局所麻酔作用を有する無痛化剤、ベンジルアルコール、フェノール、メチル、またはプロピルバクベン、およびクロロブタノールなどの防腐剤、クエン酸、酢酸、リン酸のナトリウム塩などの緩衝剤、エタノール、プロピレングリコール、塩酸アルギニンなどの溶解補助剤、L−システイン、L−メチオニン、L−ヒスチジンなどの安定化剤、さらには等張化剤などの添加剤を添加することも可能である。
また、本発明の活性増強剤は薬剤耐性菌感染症を予防するための機能性食品の形態で適用することができる。
タラのさやの部分10gを50%メタノール100mlで抽出後、濾過し、タラ抽出物を得た。抗菌活性の測定としてディスク拡散法を用いて行った。Base培地として、MHA(Mueller-Hinton Agar)及びオキサシリン(Oxacillin)(10μg/ml)含有MHAを作成し、その上を前培養したMRSA 菌株番号5、1×105CFU/mlを添加した半流動MHAでカバーした。直径6mmのディスクを置き、その上にタラ抽出物100μgを添加し、37℃で培養し、24時間、48時間後の阻止円の大きさを測定した。
(寒天平板希釈法による)
日本化学療法学会の定める寒天平板希釈法に従ってMIC(minimum inhibitory concentration)を測定した。感受性測定用培地としてMueller-Hinton II Agar (MHA)にCaイオン50mg/l、Mgイオン25mg/lと2%NaClを添加したCAMHAを用いた。37℃、一晩培養した菌液を生理食塩水で106CFU/mlになるよう希釈しミクロプランター(佐久間製作所)を用いて感受性測定用平板に接種し、37℃、24時間培養後、MICを判定した。結果を表2−1および表2−2に示す。
なお、MRSA 菌株番号2に対するオキサシリン単独のMICは256μg/mlであり、n−ペンチルガレート単独のMICは、下記の表3−1に見られるように、67.5μg/mlであり、本来抗菌活性を示さない25μg/mlをオキサシリンと併用することによって、オキサシリンのMICが0.063μg/mlになるのであるから、n−ペンチルガレートには優れた増強活性があることがわかる。
(寒天平板希釈法による)
ガルス酸、各種ガレートおよび多価フェノール誘導体の単独のMRSAおよびMSSAに対するMICを実験例2と同様にして測定した。結果を表3−1および表3−2に示す。
(寒天平板希釈法による)
オキサシリンと強い併用効果がみられたイソアミルガレートと他のβ−ラクタム剤との併用効果を検討するために、実験例2と同様にしてMICを測定した。結果を表4に示す。
(寒天平板希釈法による)
タラから下記の既存物質(1)−(4)の存在が確認されたので、
(MIC(微量液体希釈法による)の測定およびFIC)
日本化学療法学会の定める微量液体希釈法に従って行った。感受性測定用培地としてMHB(Mueller-Hinton broth)にCaイオン50mg/l、Mgイオン25mg/lと2%NaClを添加したCAMHAを用いた。96穴マイクロプレートに薬剤含有感受性測定用培地を100μl分注し、37℃、一晩培養した菌液を生理食塩水で希釈し、最終菌濃度5×105CFU/wellになるように添加した。37℃、24時間培養後、菌の発育の有無からMICを測定した。これらの結果からFIC(fractional inhibitory concentration)値を算出し、併用効果の強さを測定した。結果を表6に示す。
タラ(Caesalpinia spinosa)1kgを10倍量の50%エタノールで2時間、60℃で抽出した。抽出後、濾過し、濾液を約4分の1まで60℃で濃縮した。濃縮液と等量の酢酸エチルを加え、分液し、酢酸エチル層を濃縮乾固し、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにかけ、ヘキサン−酢酸エチルで溶出させた。溶出した画分を濃縮乾固し、タラ抽出物約2.5gを得た。
常法によりイソアミルガレート50mg、オキサシリン50mg、乳糖1g、デンプン300mg、メチルセルロース50mg、タルク30mgを10錠の錠剤に調製して白糖で糖衣する。
イソアミルガレートに替えて、メチルガレート、エチルガレート、n−プロピルガレート、n−ブチルガレート、n−ペンチルガレート、n−ヘキシルガレート、n−ヘプチルガレート、n−オクチルガレート、n−ノニルガレート、n−デシルガレート、n−ウンデシルガレート、n−ラウリルガレート、イソブチルガレート、カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレートおよびエピカテキンガレートを用いて実施例1と同様にして錠剤を調製する。
メチルガレート500mg、オキサシリン500mgからなる無菌混合物を滅菌バイアルに入れ密封する。使用時にこの混合物を生理食塩水に溶解し、注射剤とする。
メチルガレートに替えて、エチルガレート、n−プロピルガレート、n−ブチルガレート、n−ペンチルガレート、イソブチルガレート、カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレートおよびエピカテキンガレートを用いて実施例18と同様にして注射剤を調製する。
イソアミルガレート、オキサシリン、エタノールおよび滅菌蒸留水を原料とする消毒剤である。これらの消毒剤は以下のような比率で調製する。
イソアミルガレート 25mg
オキサシリン 10mg
エタノール 500ml
滅菌蒸留水 500ml
タラのさやの部分1kgに対し50%エタノール10lを入れ、加熱抽出し、濾過した液を適当な量まで濃縮し、スプレードライで粉末乾燥しエキスとする。このエキスに砂糖、密、液糖等の糖質を加えたものを用いて、クッキー等を作製する。また、このエキスを粉剤、錠剤にして機能性食品とすることができる。
Claims (6)
- 低級アルキルがメチル、エチル、n−プロピル、n−ブチル、イソブチル、n−ペンチル、イソアミル、n−ヘキシル、n−ヘプチル、n−オクチル、n−ノニル、n−デシルおよびn−ウンデシルから選択される請求項1に記載の活性増強剤。
- 上記β−ラクタム系抗生物質が、アンピシリン、ベンジルペニシリン、フェネチシリン、メチシリン、オキサシリン、カルベニシリン、セファピリン、セフラジン、セフロキシム、セフォキシチン、セフォタキシムおよびパニペネムのいずれかまたはこれらの混合物である、請求項1または2に記載の活性増強剤。
- β−ラクタム系抗生物質および請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の活性増強剤を含む、MRSA感染症治療のための医薬組成物。
- MRSA感染症の治療のための医薬組成物を製造するためのβ−ラクタム系抗生物質、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の活性増強剤および医薬添加物の使用。
- β−ラクタム系抗生物質、および請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の活性増強剤を含むMRSA用消毒剤。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005504726A JP4693049B2 (ja) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-01-28 | 薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003020611 | 2003-01-29 | ||
JP2003020611 | 2003-01-29 | ||
PCT/JP2004/000751 WO2004066992A1 (ja) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-01-28 | 薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 |
JP2005504726A JP4693049B2 (ja) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-01-28 | 薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPWO2004066992A1 JPWO2004066992A1 (ja) | 2006-06-15 |
JP4693049B2 true JP4693049B2 (ja) | 2011-06-01 |
Family
ID=32820629
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005504726A Expired - Fee Related JP4693049B2 (ja) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-01-28 | 薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060235076A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1604660B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4693049B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE413170T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004017586D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2316957T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004066992A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007080669A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-19 | Microbiotech Inc. | 抗ウイルス・抗炎症作用薬剤組成物 |
WO2008065527A2 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-05 | Carlo Ghisalberti | Gallic acid esters of fragrant alcohols |
WO2008080162A2 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | The Johns Hopkins University | Anti-cholesterolemic compounds and methods of use |
WO2008081901A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-10 | Microbiotech Inc. | アルキルガレート薬剤組成物 |
US8751346B2 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2014-06-10 | Edea, Llc. | Interactive financial tool |
US11690810B2 (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2023-07-04 | The Chinese University Of Hong Kong | Combination treatment of bacterial infection |
KR102217338B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-02-18 | 주식회사 다인소재 | 섬기린초 유래 성분 및 베타 락탐계 항생제를 유효성분으로 함유하는 메티실린 내성 황색포도상구균에 대한 항균용 조성물 |
CN116650464A (zh) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-08-29 | 兰州理工大学 | 三没食子酸在制备β-内酰胺酶抑制剂中的应用 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03246227A (ja) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-11-01 | Mitsui Norin Kk | 抗生物質耐性ブドウ球菌感染予防剤 |
JPH0826991A (ja) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-30 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | 抗生物質耐性微生物の薬剤感受性増感剤 |
JPH09132532A (ja) * | 1995-09-06 | 1997-05-20 | Mitsui Norin Kk | 抗生物質の抗菌力増強方法 |
JPH09194358A (ja) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-07-29 | Alps Yakuhin Kogyo Kk | 多価フェノール誘導体含有抗mrsa活性医薬組成物 |
JPH1045528A (ja) * | 1996-05-27 | 1998-02-17 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 抗酸化剤 |
JP2001072596A (ja) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-21 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | 抗菌作用の増強方法 |
JP2001514234A (ja) * | 1997-09-05 | 2001-09-11 | アブマックス,インコーポレイティド | 経口投与される医薬化合物の生体内利用性を増加させるためのプロピルガラートの使用 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU1233401A (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-08 | Kemin Industries, Inc. | Method of synthesizing alkyl gallates |
-
2004
- 2004-01-28 EP EP04705942A patent/EP1604660B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-28 JP JP2005504726A patent/JP4693049B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-01-28 US US10/543,336 patent/US20060235076A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-28 AT AT04705942T patent/ATE413170T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-28 WO PCT/JP2004/000751 patent/WO2004066992A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2004-01-28 DE DE602004017586T patent/DE602004017586D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-28 ES ES04705942T patent/ES2316957T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03246227A (ja) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-11-01 | Mitsui Norin Kk | 抗生物質耐性ブドウ球菌感染予防剤 |
JPH0826991A (ja) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-30 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | 抗生物質耐性微生物の薬剤感受性増感剤 |
JPH09132532A (ja) * | 1995-09-06 | 1997-05-20 | Mitsui Norin Kk | 抗生物質の抗菌力増強方法 |
JPH09194358A (ja) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-07-29 | Alps Yakuhin Kogyo Kk | 多価フェノール誘導体含有抗mrsa活性医薬組成物 |
JPH1045528A (ja) * | 1996-05-27 | 1998-02-17 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 抗酸化剤 |
JP2001514234A (ja) * | 1997-09-05 | 2001-09-11 | アブマックス,インコーポレイティド | 経口投与される医薬化合物の生体内利用性を増加させるためのプロピルガラートの使用 |
JP2001072596A (ja) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-21 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | 抗菌作用の増強方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2004066992A1 (ja) | 2006-06-15 |
WO2004066992A1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
ES2316957T3 (es) | 2009-04-16 |
EP1604660A4 (en) | 2007-03-21 |
EP1604660B1 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
ATE413170T1 (de) | 2008-11-15 |
US20060235076A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
DE602004017586D1 (de) | 2008-12-18 |
EP1604660A1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5883074A (en) | Potentiators of antibacterial agents | |
JP6533780B2 (ja) | 細菌性感染症の治療に用いるためのオキサゾリジノン−キノロン類を含む組み合わせ療法 | |
US20200093814A1 (en) | Combination therapy with amidine substituted beta-lactam compounds and beta-lactamase inhibitors for infections with antibiotic resistant bacterial strains | |
US20060229262A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for treatment of infection with drug resistant bacterium and disinfectant | |
ES2859639T3 (es) | Compuestos y su uso | |
EP2544528A1 (en) | FtsZ INHIBITORS AS POTENTIATORS OF BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS | |
US20100197650A1 (en) | Compositions and methods of treatment comprising ceftaroline | |
JP4693049B2 (ja) | 薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物 | |
JP2003171274A (ja) | 薬剤耐性菌感染症治療のための医薬組成物および消毒剤 | |
JP2003171274A5 (ja) | ||
JP5101521B2 (ja) | メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌をオキサシリンに対し感作する組成物および方法 | |
JP2015536949A (ja) | 細菌感染症のための抗生物質を用いる方法および組成物 | |
JP2011502103A (ja) | カルバペネム類を含む殺菌性抗mrsa活性医薬組成物 | |
EP3419628A1 (en) | Medicament for treatment of diabetic foot infections | |
US8623864B2 (en) | Thioridazine and derivatives thereof for reversing anti-microbial drug-resistance | |
EP1902721A1 (fr) | Compositions médicales et nutritionnelles à base de vaccinium macrocarpon | |
JP6178224B2 (ja) | 併用抗メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌薬、及びβラクタム系抗生物質の抗菌活性増強剤 | |
AU2014200107B2 (en) | Compositions and methods of treatment comprising ceftaroline | |
CA2428564A1 (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for treatment of infection with drug resistant bacterium and disinfectant |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20060802 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20060814 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20060802 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20060815 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20060914 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20060914 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20061030 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20070125 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070125 |
|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20070125 |
|
A072 | Dismissal of procedure [no reply to invitation to correct request for examination] |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A072 Effective date: 20070313 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100831 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20101029 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101124 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110105 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20110201 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20110217 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140304 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |