JP4534041B2 - 半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 102
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 88
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
上記した半導体装置の製造方法においては、プラズマCVDの実施前に、トレンチ表面をフッ酸(HF)処理する。これによって、トレンチ表面のSiを予めHで終端させておくことができる。これによって、プラズマCVDにおいて、後述する各イオンによるHの離脱効果を安定的に発揮させることができ、エピタキシャル層をトレンチ底部から安定的に成長させることができる。
プラズマCVDのSi源ガスには、安価なシラン(SiH 4 )を用いる。また、プラズマCVDにおいては、プラズマにより励起されるSiH 3 ,SiH 2 ,SiH もしくはSiの各ラジカルのうち、SiH 3 のラジカル量を最大化させると共に、プラズマにより前記Si源ガスから形成される各イオンのうち、SiH 3 + のイオン量を最大化させるようにする。
発明者らの予備的な試験によれば、プラズマCVDにおいて、プラズマにより励起されるSiH 3 ,SiH 2 ,SiH もしくはSiの各ラジカルのうち、Siからなるエピタキシャル層の成長に最も寄与するのは、SiH 3 のラジカルである。従って、SiH 3 のラジカル量を最大化させることで、成長レートが高く、膜質に優れたエピタキシャル層の成長が可能となる。
また、発明者らの予備的な試験によれば、プラズマCVDにおいて、トレンチ表面を終端している水素(H)を離脱したサイトにSiH 3 ラジカルが到達することによって、膜質の優れたエピタキシャル層が得られる。トレンチ表面を終端している水素(H)の離脱に最も寄与するのが、プラズマによりSi源ガスから形成される各イオンのうち、SiH 3 + のイオンである。このため、SiH 3 + のイオン量を最大化させることで、トレンチ表面を終端しているHを効率的に離脱させることができる。従って、上記SiH 3 + イオンによるHの離脱と、離脱したサイトへの前述したSiH 3 ラジカルによるSi供給を好適に組み合わせることで、成長レートが高く、膜質に優れたエピタキシャル層の成長が可能となる。
これによって、連続的な高周波でプラズマを形成する場合には不可能な、以下の制御が可能となる。第1に、高周波パルスのオン状態とオフ状態の違いを利用して、上記したラジカルとイオンをトレンチ内に交互に供給することができる。第2に、プラズマにより励起されるSiH 3 ,SiH 2 ,SiH もしくはSiの各ラジカルの寿命が異なることから、高周波パルスのオンとオフのデューティー比(オン時間/周期時間)を適宜設定することにより、上記したSiH 3 のラジカル量を最大化させることができる。また、この時、SiH 3 + のイオン量も、同時に最大化させることができる。
1t トレンチ
1e,1e(P),1e(L) エピタキシャル層
1h 水素(H)
1q 吸着サイト
2 プラズマ
2s シリコン(Si)源
2si SiH3 +イオン
2sr SiH3ラジカル
2h ハロゲン化物
3 シリコン(Si)源ガス
3s Si源
4 ハロゲン化物ガス
100 半導体装置
1a PNコラム層
Claims (19)
- シリコン(Si)からなる半導体基板にトレンチを形成した後、当該トレンチを埋め込んで製造する半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記トレンチ表面をフッ酸(HF)処理した後、
シラン(SiH 4 )からなるシリコン(Si)源ガスを用いたプラズマCVDにより、プラズマにより励起されるSiH 3 ,SiH 2 ,SiH もしくはSiの各ラジカルのうち、SiH 3 のラジカル量を最大化させると共に、プラズマにより前記Si源ガスから形成される各イオンのうち、SiH 3 + のイオン量を最大化させるようにして、トレンチ内にシリコン(Si)からなるエピタキシャル層を成長させて、トレンチを埋め込むことを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記プラズマCVDにおけるプラズマ形成に、高周波パルスを用い、
前記高周波パルスのデューティー比により、SiH 3 のラジカル量およびSiH 3 + のイオン量を最大化させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記プラズマCVDにおいて、前記Si源ガスを、前記半導体基板の上方から供給することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDにおいて、プラズマにより励起されるSiH 3 ,SiH 2 ,SiH もしくはSiの各ラジカルのラジカル量、またはプラズマにより前記Si源ガスから形成される各イオンのイオン量をモニタリングすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDにおいて、前記半導体基板にバイアス電圧を印加することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDにおいて、ハロゲン化物ガスを、前記Si源ガスと同時に供給することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDにおいて、ハロゲン化物ガスを、前記Si源ガスと交互に供給することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記ハロゲン化物ガスが、塩化水素(HCl)ガスもしくは塩素(Cl 2 )ガスのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDにおいて、前記半導体基板の基板温度を、室温以上、900℃以下とすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDによるトレンチ埋め込み後の半導体基板を、熱処理することを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理を、水素雰囲気あるいは窒素雰囲気で行うことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記トレンチのアスペクト比(深さ/幅)が、30以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVDによるエピタキシャル層で前記トレンチを途中まで埋め込んだ後、
シリコン(Si)源ガスを用いた減圧CVDにより、前記トレンチ内にシリコン(Si)からなる第2のエピタキシャル層を成長させて、前記トレンチを埋め込むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記半導体基板が、(100)面方位の半導体基板であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記トレンチの側面が、(100)面方位であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記トレンチの側面が、(110)面方位であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板が、(110)面方位の半導体基板であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記トレンチの側面が、(111)面方位であることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体装置がPNコラム層を有する半導体装置であって、
前記PNコラム層が、N導電型またはP導電型の前記半導体基板と、前記トレンチ内に埋め込まれた前記半導体基板と異なる導電型の前記エピタキシャル層からなり、
前記プラズマCVDにおいて、前記半導体基板と異なる導電型の不純物ガスを前記Si源ガスと同時に供給して、前記エピタキシャル層を形成することを特徴とする請求項1乃至18のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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