JP4525309B2 - Iii−v族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法 - Google Patents
Iii−v族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4525309B2 JP4525309B2 JP2004335913A JP2004335913A JP4525309B2 JP 4525309 B2 JP4525309 B2 JP 4525309B2 JP 2004335913 A JP2004335913 A JP 2004335913A JP 2004335913 A JP2004335913 A JP 2004335913A JP 4525309 B2 JP4525309 B2 JP 4525309B2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 170
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002248 hydride vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorogallium Chemical compound [Ga]Cl XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000103 photoluminescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012850 discrimination method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- QBJCZLXULXFYCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;cyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Mg+2].C1C=CC=[C-]1.C1C=CC=[C-]1 QBJCZLXULXFYCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6489—Photoluminescence of semiconductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/0237—Materials
- H01L21/02387—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/02389—Nitrides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02455—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/02458—Nitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02494—Structure
- H01L21/02496—Layer structure
- H01L21/02505—Layer structure consisting of more than two layers
- H01L21/02507—Alternating layers, e.g. superlattice
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02538—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/0254—Nitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0075—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds comprising nitride compounds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Led Devices (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Testing Or Measuring Of Semiconductors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
PL強度は基板表面の加工ダメージ層、基板のキャリア濃度および結晶欠陥に左右される。加工歪や結晶欠陥が膜中に存在するとバンド端発光強度は強くなったり、弱くなったりする。例えば、膜中の結晶欠陥や不純物は、バンドギャップ中に準位を形成し、結晶中のキャリア密度を増加させてしまう。そのため、励起光源が同じパワー密度ならキャリア密度が多いほうがPL強度は増加する。
[実施例]
GaN自立基板を、以下の方法により作製した。
まず、φ2インチC面サファイア基板上にHVPE法でGaCl、窒素、水素、アンモニア混合ガスを1000℃以上に加熱されたサファイア基板上に吹き付けてGaN単結晶層を約330μm成長させた。成長したGaN層は、表面がC面のガリウム面である。
なお、当該GaN層には、n型の不純物をドーピングした。
次に、9種類の特徴を持ったGaN自立基板のPLプロファイルをHe−Cdレーザ(波長:325nm)を用いて室温で測定した。
本測定において、基板表面におけるGaNバンド端発光(ピーク波長365nm)の発光強度N1と、同一位置に対応する裏面のPL測定のGaNバンド端発光強度N2の比α=N1/N2を、各特徴をもった基板ごとに求めた。測定は基板の中央と周辺部4点の計5点の平均とした。実施例1〜実施例9において、同一基板内であれば測定位置に依らずαはほぼ同一の値が得られた。
図1を参照して、前記各基板を用いたLEDの作製方法を説明する。
LED構造の作製にはMOVPE法を用いた。LED構造はInGaNなどの多重量子井戸層である。有機金属原料として、トリメチルガリウム(TMG),トリメチルアルミニウム(TMA),トリメチルインジウム(TMI),ビスシクロペンタジエニルマグネシウム(Cp2Mg)を用いた。ガス原料として、アンモニア(NH3),シラン(SiH4)を用いた。また、キャリアガスとして、水素及び窒素を用いた。
これより、図1に示す構造のLEDが得られた。
図2に、この実施例の鏡面研磨されたGaN自立基板の表裏のPLスペクトルを示す。この図からも明らかなように、波長365nmでの裏面側PL強度は1.4×106(a.u.)、表面側PL強度は0.18×106(a.u.)であり、強度比のα値は0.13であった。
基板No.2上に前記の方法でLEDを作製し良品取得率を調べたところ、LEDデバイスの良品取得率は65%であった。
LEDチップの良品取得率を左右する要因は多数あるにもかかわらず、図3より、PLのα値と良い相関を示し、α値が1を超えると、LEDチップの良品歩留りは極端に低下することが確認できた。高いLEDチップの良品歩留りを得るためには、α値は0.1≦α≦0.5の範囲にあることが望ましいことが分かった。
10 InGaN系活性層
11 InGaN井戸層
12 GaN障壁層
21 p型AlGaNクラッド層
22 p型GaNコンタクト層
24 n側電極
25 p側電極
Claims (2)
- 表面がC面のガリウム面である自立した六方晶系の窒化ガリウム単結晶基板の表面の任意の位置においてフォトルミネッセンスを測定してそのバンド端ピークの発光強度をN1とし、前記測定位置に対応する同一基板上の裏面側のバンド端ピークの発光強度をN2としたときに、前記発光強度は前記表面又は前記裏面の加工ダメージ層、前記基板のキャリア濃度および結晶欠陥に応じて決まり、前記発光強度N1と前記発光強度N2との強度比α=N1/N2がα<1となるときに、25%以上の良品取得率が得られる自立基板であると評価することを特徴とするIII−V族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法。
- 前記強度比αが0.1≦α≦0.5であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のIII−V族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004335913A JP4525309B2 (ja) | 2004-11-19 | 2004-11-19 | Iii−v族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法 |
US11/033,469 US7323719B2 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2005-01-12 | Group III-V nitride series semiconductor substrate and assessment method therefor |
CNB2005100048124A CN100372061C (zh) | 2004-11-19 | 2005-01-27 | Ⅲ-ⅴ族氮化物系半导体基板及其评价方法 |
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JP2004335913A JP4525309B2 (ja) | 2004-11-19 | 2004-11-19 | Iii−v族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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JP2010090577A Division JP5304715B2 (ja) | 2010-04-09 | 2010-04-09 | Iii−v族窒化物系半導体基板 |
Publications (2)
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JP2006147849A JP2006147849A (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
JP4525309B2 true JP4525309B2 (ja) | 2010-08-18 |
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JP2004335913A Expired - Fee Related JP4525309B2 (ja) | 2004-11-19 | 2004-11-19 | Iii−v族窒化物系半導体基板の評価方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7323719B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4525309B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100372061C (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7772604B2 (en) | 2006-01-05 | 2010-08-10 | Illumitex | Separate optical device for directing light from an LED |
US20090275157A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2009-11-05 | Illumitex, Inc. | Optical device shaping |
EP2070123A2 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2009-06-17 | Illumitex, Inc. | Led system and method |
JP4935591B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-11 | 2012-05-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Iii族窒化物半導体光素子を作製する方法、およびフォトルミネッセンススペクトルを測定する方法 |
JP5181885B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2013-04-10 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | GaN基板の製造方法、エピウエハの製造方法、半導体素子の製造方法およびエピウエハ |
EP2045374A3 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2011-02-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing a GaN substrate and a GaN epitaxial wafer |
JP5560528B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-28 | 2014-07-30 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Iii族窒化物単結晶インゴットの製造方法、及びiii族窒化物単結晶基板の製造方法 |
US7829358B2 (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2010-11-09 | Illumitex, Inc. | System and method for emitter layer shaping |
JP5053893B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-07 | 2012-10-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化物半導体レーザを作製する方法 |
TW201034256A (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2010-09-16 | Illumitex Inc | Systems and methods for packaging light-emitting diode devices |
US8449128B2 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2013-05-28 | Illumitex, Inc. | System and method for a lens and phosphor layer |
US8585253B2 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2013-11-19 | Illumitex, Inc. | System and method for color mixing lens array |
US20130146904A1 (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | Cree, Inc. | Optoelectronic Structures with High Lumens Per Wafer |
JP2013211313A (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-10 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 周期表第13族金属窒化物半導体基板の検査方法および製造方法 |
JP6269368B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-24 | 2018-01-31 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化ガリウム基板 |
CN105914276B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-08-14 | 映瑞光电科技(上海)有限公司 | 一种发光二级管的外延结构及其制备方法 |
CN106783579B (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-12-13 | 苏州纳维科技有限公司 | Iii族氮化物衬底及其制备方法 |
JP6493511B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-04-03 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化ガリウム基板 |
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JP3706452B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 2005-10-12 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体発光素子 |
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TW417315B (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2001-01-01 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | GaN single crystal substrate and its manufacture method of the same |
US6488767B1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2002-12-03 | Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. | High surface quality GaN wafer and method of fabricating same |
JP2003017791A (ja) * | 2001-07-03 | 2003-01-17 | Sharp Corp | 窒化物半導体素子及びこの窒化物半導体素子の製造方法 |
JP4232605B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-30 | 2009-03-04 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化物半導体基板の製造方法と窒化物半導体基板 |
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- 2004-11-19 JP JP2004335913A patent/JP4525309B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2005
- 2005-01-12 US US11/033,469 patent/US7323719B2/en active Active
- 2005-01-27 CN CNB2005100048124A patent/CN100372061C/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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JP2000022212A (ja) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | GaN単結晶基板及びその製造方法 |
JP2001102307A (ja) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 単結晶GaNの結晶成長方法及び単結晶GaN基板の製造方法と単結晶GaN基板 |
JP2002356398A (ja) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 窒化ガリウムウエハ |
JP2003069156A (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2003-03-07 | Sharp Corp | 窒素化合物半導体積層物、発光素子、光ピックアップシステム、および窒素化合物半導体積層物の製造方法。 |
JP3581145B1 (ja) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-10-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 窒化物半導体基板の加工方法 |
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US20060108590A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
US7323719B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 |
CN100372061C (zh) | 2008-02-27 |
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