JP4416509B2 - フィッシャー・トロプシュ法及び生成物の混合を制御するためのgc−aedによる酸素分析の使用 - Google Patents
フィッシャー・トロプシュ法及び生成物の混合を制御するためのgc−aedによる酸素分析の使用 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N2030/022—Column chromatography characterised by the kind of separation mechanism
- G01N2030/025—Gas chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/88—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86
- G01N2030/8886—Analysis of industrial production processes
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Description
本発明は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応から得られた又は得ることができる種々の生成物を用いた方法を与える。ここに記載するそれらの方法は、希望の酸素化物濃度を有し、もし必要ならば、特定の個々の酸素化物の希望の酸素化物濃度を有する販売可能なフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を与えるように、処理又は混合することができるフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を与える。
全圧力、psig 1000
LHSV、時−1 5.0、10.0、15.0
触媒温度、°F 650及び700
H2一回通過速度 6500SCFB(標準ft3/バレル)
Claims (25)
- 少なくとも一種類のアルコールを含有する実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を製造する方法であって、
(a) 実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物中のアルコールの特定の種類、濃度及び炭素数分布を選択する工程、
(b) フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成を行なってフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流を与える工程、
(c) 前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流から選択された種類のアルコールを含有する実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流を分離する工程、
(d) 前記実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流を精製してアルコールの一部分を除去し、少なくとも一種類の選択された種類のアルコールを含有する実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を与える工程、
(e) GC−AEDにより、実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を選択された種類のアルコールの濃度及び炭素数分布について監視する工程、及び
(f) 工程(d)の精製条件を、実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物中の選択された種類のアルコールの濃度及び炭素数分布を、前記選択された濃度及び炭素数分布に確実に従うように調節する工程、
を含む上記方法。 - 工程(c)の実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流が、蒸留によりフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流から分離される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(d)の精製が、水素化処理、水素化分解、吸着、抽出、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択されたプロセスにより行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 精製を、水素化処理装置中の水素化処理触媒で、実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流を水素化処理することにより行う、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 工程(f)の調節を、触媒温度の調節、触媒の再生、触媒の変更、触媒上を通過する実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流のLHSVの調節、水素化処理装置中の圧力の調節、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択されたプロセスにより行う、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 精製を、実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流を吸着剤上に送ることにより行う、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 工程(f)の調節を、吸着剤の再生、吸着剤の変更、吸着剤上に送られる実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流のLHSVの調節、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択されたプロセスにより行う、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 精製を、実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流へ或る量の溶媒を添加して抽出することにより行う、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 工程(f)の調節を、実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流へ添加される溶媒の量の調節、溶媒と実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流との接触時間の調節、溶媒と実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流との接触効率の調節、溶媒の温度の調節、及びそれらの組合せからなる群から選択されたプロセスにより行う、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 精製を、水を用いた抽出により行う、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物がディーゼル燃料添加剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種類のアルコールを含有する混合フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を製造する方法であって、
(a) 混合フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物中のアルコールの特定の種類、濃度及び炭素数分布を選択する工程、
(b) フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成を行なってフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流を与える工程、
(c) 前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流から選択された種類のアルコールを含有する実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流を分離する工程、
(d) 前記実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流を、少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流と混合し、少なくとも一種類の選択された種類のアルコールを含有する混合生成物を与える工程、
(e) GC−AEDにより、混合物生成物を選択された種類のアルコールの濃度及び炭素数分布について監視する工程、及び
(f) 工程(d)の混合比を、前記混合生成物中の選択された種類のアルコールの濃度及び炭素数分布を、前記選択された濃度及び炭素数分布に確実に従うように調節する工程、
を含む上記方法。 - 工程(c)の実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流が、蒸留によりフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流から分離される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流が、酸素化物を含まないフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流を含んでなり、更に前記酸素化物を含まないフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流を、フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流から分離する工程を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)の実質的にパラフィン系の生成物流が、少なくとも一種類のアルコールを含み、混合生成物が、排出物が減少したディーゼル燃料である、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流が、慣用的石油生成物である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流が、水素化処理された流れであり、混合生成物がポンプで送ることができるシンクルードである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- アルコールの濃度が、水を含まない状態を基準にして、100〜5000wppmの酸素である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 混合生成物を、ディーゼル燃料及びジェット燃料からなる群から選択する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 更に、分散剤、清浄剤、酸化防止剤、及び点火改良剤からなる群から選択された添加剤を混合生成物へ添加する工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- アルコールの濃度を、混合フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物の潤滑性を改良するように選択し、炭素数分布としてC7〜C12を選択する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 混合フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物がジェット燃料である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種類のアルコールを含有する混合フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を製造するための総合的方法であって、
(a) 請求項1の方法により少なくとも一種類のアルコールを含有する実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物を生成する工程、
(b) 前記混合フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物中のアルコールの特定の種類、濃度及び炭素数分布を選択する工程、
(c) 前記実質的にパラフィン系のフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物と、少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流とを混合して少なくとも一種類の選択された種類のアルコールを含有する混合生成物を与える工程、
(d) 前記混合生成物を、GC−AEDにより選択された種類のアルコールの濃度及び炭素数分布について監視する工程、及び
(e) 工程(d)の混合比を、混合生成物中の選択された種類のアルコールの濃度及び炭素数分布が、前記選択された濃度及び炭素数分布に確実に従うように調節する工程、
を含む上記総合的方法。 - 少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流が、慣用的石油生成物である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一種類の、酸素化物を含まない炭化水素流が、酸素化物を含まないフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流であり、フィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流から酸素化物を含まないフィッシャー・トロプシュ生成物流を分離する工程を更に含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
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GB2386380B (en) | 2004-09-29 |
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