JP4354183B2 - 高k誘電体膜を備える半導体構造体、半導体装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
高k誘電体膜を備える半導体構造体、半導体装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4354183B2 JP4354183B2 JP2002574128A JP2002574128A JP4354183B2 JP 4354183 B2 JP4354183 B2 JP 4354183B2 JP 2002574128 A JP2002574128 A JP 2002574128A JP 2002574128 A JP2002574128 A JP 2002574128A JP 4354183 B2 JP4354183 B2 JP 4354183B2
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- lanthanum
- aluminum
- dielectric layer
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000277 atomic layer chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 45
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 28
- -1 lanthanum aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004549 pulsed laser deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
- Non-Volatile Memory (AREA)
- Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)
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- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
Description
いう別の問題も生じる可能性がある。誘電率が非常に高いと、トランジスタの特性に悪影響を及ぼすフリンジ電界効果と呼ばれる効果が生じる。この効果はゲートとソース/ドレインとの間の過剰な結合に関与する。このようにして、開発中の材料は通常、20〜40の範囲の誘電率を有することが望ましい。この望ましい誘電率範囲は技術がさらに進歩するに従っていくらか変わるものである。
され、成膜される固有の時点をサイクルの中に有し、この成膜はすでに存在する層との間の反応の結果であり、その後、導入された材料は排気される、またはパージされる。続いて、他の材料が導入され、すでに存在する層との間で反応を起こし、パージにより取り除かれる。次に、第3の材料が導入され、反応を起こしてパージされる。このように、一つの完結するサイクルが3つの材料すべてに対応して行なわれるが、それぞれの材料のサイクル中におけるタイミング及び時点は異なる。アルミニウムの次に酸素、ランタンの次に酸素、アルミニウムの次に酸素なども考えられる。このようにして、一つの材料おきに酸素ソースが導入される。このようにある意味では、一つの材料の導入毎に一つの層が成膜される。この場合、サイクルを一通りすべて行なう毎に4つの成膜層、すなわち、一層のランタン、一層のアルミニウム、2層の酸素が層毎に成膜されるが、結果として得られる4つの層は2つの金属酸化層、すなわち、アルミニウム/酸素を一つの層として、ランタン/酸素を他方の層として観察することができる。これらの2つの層はこのようにして単層のアルミン酸ランタンを構成する。
アモルファス状態のアルミン酸ランタンという有効な高K誘電体膜を成膜することができることにより得られる別の効果は、アルミン酸ランタンがシリコン上だけでなく、砒化ガリウム上でも非常に有効であるということである。砒化ガリウムを有効に使用し、砒化ガリウムの高い移動度という利点を利用する際の問題の一つに、砒化ガリウムに使用されるゲート誘電体が、高温で酸化シリコンを成長させて得られるシリコンのゲート誘電体の信頼性レベルに達することが非常に困難であることである。このようにして、ほとんどの
用途においては、シリコンが砒化ガリウムよりも優れていることが証明されてきた。現在、ALCVD法を用いて成膜される有効な高K誘電体の出現により、ゲート誘電体は、シリコン、砒化ガリウム、または他の半導体材料のいずれの上に成膜されるかに係わらず、高信頼性を有するようになった。また、砒化ガリウムがほとんどの集積回路に対して好ましい選択肢であり、現在の半導体市場における単なる特殊用途の材料ではなくなった。
K誘電体38、バリア誘電体40、及び導電体42を有する。この場合、基板34は基板12,20及び30に類似する。バリア誘電体36はバリア22に類似する。高K誘電体38は高K誘電体14及び24に類似する。導電体42は導電体16,26及び34に類似する。バリア層40は高K誘電体38と導電体42との間のバリアとなる。バリア40は導電体42が高K誘電体38との間で相性の問題が生じる場合に使用される。バリア40は、酸化アルミニウム、酸化シリコン及び酸窒化シリコンの中から最も高い頻度で選択される。バリア誘電体40は、導電体42と高K誘電体38との間の拡散バリアとするために設けられる。勿論、バリア層40が高誘電率を有することが望ましいが、バリア層を設けるのは、導電体42と高K誘電体38との間に生じる問題を避けるためである。酸化シリコンよりも誘電率が高いという理由により、好ましくは酸化アルミニウムが選択される。
、或いは、図5に示すように濃度分布を傾斜させて、注入が生じることが望ましくない場合に注入が生じないようにすることが実際、より頻繁に求められている。このように、バリア56及び60を設ける、或いは、図5に示すように濃度分布を傾斜させる必要性は、注入による電荷の保存が生じる場合により大きくなる。また、誘電体が純粋にキャパシタとして機能する場合、バリア56及び60を設ける必要性がさらに一層増大する。キャパシタの主要目的は電荷を保存することであり、従って、導電体との境界で大きなバンドギャップを有することはトランジスタにおけるよりも重要となる。
Claims (14)
- 半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板を覆って設けられ、ランタン、アルミニウム、及び酸素からなるアモルファスの誘電体層と、
前記誘電体層を覆う電極層と、
前記半導体基板及び前記誘電体層の間にある境界層とからなり、
前記境界層は酸素及びアルミニウムからなる、半導体構造体。 - 半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板を覆って設けられ、ランタン、アルミニウム、及び酸素からなるアモルファスの誘電体層と、
前記誘電体層を覆う電極層とからなり、
前記誘電体層の前記半導体基板との境界近傍ではランタンを含有させず、前記電極層に向かうに従ってランタン濃度を連続的に増加させている、半導体構造体。 - 前記半導体基板は単結晶シリコン、砒化ガリウム、シリコンオンインシュレータ(SOI)、シリコンゲルマニウム、及びゲルマニウムからなる群から選択される請求項1又は2に記載の半導体構造体。
- 前記電極層はゲート電極である請求項1又は2に記載の半導体構造体。
- 前記電極層との境界近傍において前記誘電体中のランタンとアルミニウムの比は1対1である、請求項2に記載の半導体構造体。
- 第1導電層と、
前記第1導電層を覆って設けられ、ランタン、アルミニウム、及び酸素からなるアモルファスの誘電体層と、
前記誘電体層を覆う第2導電層と、
前記第1導電層及び前記誘電体層の間にある第1境界層と、
前記誘電体層及び前記第2導電層の間にある第2境界層とからなり、
前記第1境界層は酸素及びアルミニウムからなる、半導体構造体。 - 第1導電層と、
前記第1導電層を覆って設けられ、ランタン、アルミニウム、及び酸素からなるアモルファスの誘電体層と、
前記誘電体層を覆う第2導電層とからなり、
前記誘電体層の前記第1導電層及び前記第2導電層の双方の近傍においてランタンを含有させず、前記誘電体層の中央に向かうに従ってランタン濃度を最大値まで段階的に増加させている、半導体構造体。 - 前記第1導電層はフローティングゲートである請求項6又は7に記載の半導体構造体。
- 前記第2境界層は酸化アルミニウム、酸化シリコン、酸窒化シリコンからなる群から選択される化合物からなる請求項6に記載の半導体構造体。
- 前記第1境界層及び前記第2境界層は同一の材料である請求項6に記載の半導体構造体。
- 前記誘電体層の中央におけるランタンとアルミニウムの比は1対1である、請求項7に記載の半導体構造体。
- 半導体基板の上方に第1境界層を形成する工程と、
前記第1境界層の上方に、ランタン、アルミニウム、及び酸素からなるアモルファスの誘電体層を原子層化学気相成長法によって形成する工程と、
前記誘電体層を覆う電極層を形成する工程と、
前記第1境界層は酸素及びアルミニウムからなる半導体構造体の製造方法。 - 前記誘電体層と前記誘電体層を覆う前記電極層との間に第2境界層を形成する工程をさらに備える請求項12に記載の方法。
- 半導体表面を有する基板又は導電層のいずれか一方からなる第1材料と、
導電性の層である第2材料と、
前記第1及び第2材料との間に配置され、ランタン、アルミニウム、及び酸素からなり、アモルファスである第3材料と、
前記第3材料及び前記第1材料の間に設けられ、酸素及びアルミニウムからなる第4材料とからなる半導体装置。
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-
2001
- 2001-03-20 US US09/811,656 patent/US6541280B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-18 EP EP01990247A patent/EP1374311A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-12-18 JP JP2002574128A patent/JP4354183B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-18 CN CN018229344A patent/CN100407439C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-18 WO PCT/US2001/049159 patent/WO2002075813A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-12-18 KR KR1020037012257A patent/KR100869448B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-12-20 TW TW090131679A patent/TWI240332B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1374311A1 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
KR100869448B1 (ko) | 2008-11-19 |
CN100407439C (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
US20020137317A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
KR20040014469A (ko) | 2004-02-14 |
US6541280B2 (en) | 2003-04-01 |
JP2004533108A (ja) | 2004-10-28 |
TWI240332B (en) | 2005-09-21 |
CN1582499A (zh) | 2005-02-16 |
WO2002075813A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
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