JP4335144B2 - 低級オレフィンの製造方法 - Google Patents
低級オレフィンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4335144B2 JP4335144B2 JP2004544182A JP2004544182A JP4335144B2 JP 4335144 B2 JP4335144 B2 JP 4335144B2 JP 2004544182 A JP2004544182 A JP 2004544182A JP 2004544182 A JP2004544182 A JP 2004544182A JP 4335144 B2 JP4335144 B2 JP 4335144B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- catalyst
- propylene
- reaction
- olefin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 50
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 24
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 23
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
- C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
- C07C4/06—Catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/02—Alkenes
- C07C11/04—Ethylene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
- C10G11/05—Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
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Description
この場合、水素の分圧が0.1〜0.9の範囲内の値が好ましい。
一方、ナトリウム等のアルカリ金属イオンを有するものは、公知の方法、すなわち1〜10%程度の硝酸アンモニウム水溶液中、60℃で6時間攪拌したのち、濾過、洗浄し、その後500℃で5時間かけて処理することにより、これをプロトン型に変換させて使用することができる。
MFI触媒単位重量あたりの全原料の供給速度(WHSV)は32〜256hr-1以上、好ましくは40〜256hr-1、より好ましくは40〜128hr-1にする。この範囲よりも原料供給速度(WHSV)が低い場合は、反応生成留出物中のペンテン含有量が低くなり、また触媒の活性低下速度がある程度抑制されるものの、水素、飽和炭化水素及び芳香族炭化水素の収率が増加し、高いエチレン及びプロピレンの選択率と生産性が得られない。一方、この範囲よりも大きな原料供給速度(WHSV)の反応条件下では、コークの生成速度が速くなるので好ましくない。
以下本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
市販品の粉末状アンモニウム塩型ZSM−5(SiO2/Al2O3モル比280)粉末を550℃で、5時間かけて焼成した。焼成後、圧縮成型、粉砕、分級により粒径250〜500μmの触媒を得た。
(1)ブテン転化率(%)=(1−(未反応のブテン重量/供給ブテン重量))×100
(2)生成物の収率(%)=(各成分生成重量/供給ブテン重量)×100
(3)コークの収率(PPM)=(コーク生成全重量/供給ブテン全重量)×1,000,000
実施例1と同じ条件で、但し実施例1の原料Cをn−ブテン原料に変更して接触分解反応を行った。結果を表3に示す。飽和炭化水素であるブタンを含有しない原料を使用するこの条件下では、エチレン及びプロピレンの生産性が安定的に得られる反応時間がわずか20時間であった。
実施例2〜4では、それぞれ表4に示した原料を使用した以外は実施例1と同じ条件で、主にブタン類の飽和炭化水素を18.4wt%、30.6wt%及び61.2wt%含む原料の接触分解を行った例であり、結果を表4に示す。比較例1と比べると、原料が飽和炭化水素を18.4wt%含むだけで、コークの生成収率が半減し、エチレン及びプロピレンの生産性が安定的に得られる反応時間が20時間から42時間へと急激に長くなったことがわかる。実施例4では飽和炭化水素含有量が61.2wt%と高い原料の接触分解例である。運転を100時間で停止したが、この時点での触媒の活性低下はわずかであった。
実施例5〜6及び比較例2では、反応温度を500℃、それぞれ表5に示したWHSVとし、かつ原料Dを使用した以外は実施例1と同じ反応条件で接触分解を行った。結果を表5に示す。実施例5に示すように、触媒重量単位当たりの原料の供給速度(WHSV)の値が128hr-1と高い条件下では、ペンテンのプロピレンに対する重量比が0.5以上になっている。この条件下では、コークの生成が極めて低いことがわかる。しかし、比較例2で示すように、生産性を抑えた反応条件下、即ちWHSVの値が8hr-1と低いと、ペンテンの収率は減少するものの、飽和炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素やコーク等の好ましくない副生物の収率が逆に大変高くなっている。
この実施例では、SiO2/Al2O3モル比が500のMFIゼオライト触媒を使用した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で、137時間接触分解を行った例であり、結果を表6に示す。高SiO2/Al2O3モル比のゼオライトを使用することによって、エチレン及びプロピレンの生産性を実質減少させることなく、SiO2/Al2O3モル比280のMFゼオライト触媒を使用した実施例1よりも、1.5倍以上も反応を行うことができた。
この例は触媒の繰り返し使用例を示す。実施例1では、接触分解反応を行い、生成コークの燃焼を行った。触媒を反応器に保持し、実施例1と同条件で原料を供給して接触分解反応を再スタートし、反応後同じ条件でコークの燃焼を行った。この操作を6回繰り返した結果、触媒の劣化がまったく認められなかった。
実施例9、10では、原料Cにブタジエンを添加し、それぞれブタジエン含有量が0.51、及び1.1wt%の原料を使用した以外は実施例1と同じ反応条件で接触分解を行った。結果を図1に示す。実施例1のブタジエン含有量が0.05wt%と比較して、ブタジエン含有量1.1wt%でも、プロピレン収率を60時間以上安定的に得ることができた。また、コークの生成収率も37ppm、40ppmと若干増える程度であった。
Claims (9)
- オレフィンを含む炭化水素原料を、触媒を使用して接触分解させることにより、原料よりも低級なオレフィンを製造する方法であって、原料中少なくとも1種の炭素数4〜12オレフィンを含有し、かつ、10〜70wt%の少なくとも1種の炭素数1〜12飽和炭化水素を含有する原料を、SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 モル比が280〜5000であるMFI型ゼオライト触媒を含む触媒の存在下、及び0.05〜2MPaの反応圧力下、触媒単位重量あたりの原料の供給速度(WHSV)が32〜256hr-1、反応温度400〜580℃で接触させることによるエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- オレフィンを含む炭化水素原料を、触媒を使用して接触分解させることにより、原料よりも低級なオレフィンを製造する方法であって、反応器の出口における反応生成留出物に含まれる、ペンテンのプロピレンに対する重量比が、0.20〜0.80であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記MFI型ゼオライト触媒のSiO2/Al2O3モル比が、500〜5000である請求項1または2に記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記原料中の炭素数1〜12の飽和炭化水素の含有量が10〜60wt%である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記接触分解の反応温度が480〜580℃である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記原料の触媒単位重量あたりの原料の供給速度(WHSV)が、40〜256hr-1である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記原料中に少なくとも1種含まれるオレフィンが、炭素数4〜8のオレフィンである請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記原料中に含まれる飽和炭化水素が、炭素数1〜8の飽和炭化水素である請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
- 前記原料中2wt%以下のジエンが含まれる請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載のエチレン及びプロピレンの製造方法。
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PCT/JP2004/000676 WO2004072002A1 (ja) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-01-27 | 低級オレフィンの製造方法 |
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US9656928B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-05-23 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Processes and catalysts for production of light olefins |
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US7319108B2 (en) | 2004-01-25 | 2008-01-15 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Aryl-substituted heterocycles, process for their preparation and their use as medicaments |
KR100632563B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-10-09 | 에스케이 주식회사 | 접촉 분해용 고체산 촉매 및 이를 이용하여 전범위납사로부터 경질 올레핀을 선택적으로 제조하는 공정 |
CN100368359C (zh) * | 2005-08-15 | 2008-02-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 增产丙烯的生产方法 |
JP4921788B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-16 | 2012-04-25 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | エチレン及びプロピレンを製造する方法 |
RU2433111C2 (ru) | 2005-09-16 | 2011-11-10 | Асахи Касеи Кемикалз Корпорейшн | Способ получения этилена и пропилена |
RU2377231C1 (ru) | 2005-09-16 | 2009-12-27 | Асахи Касеи Кемикалз Корпорейшн | Способ получения этилена и пропилена |
FR2905122B1 (fr) * | 2006-08-24 | 2009-07-24 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production de propylene en presence d'un catalyseur macroporeux se presentant sous forme de billes spheriques |
CN101348409B (zh) * | 2007-07-19 | 2011-06-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种生产低碳烯烃的方法 |
US8137631B2 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2012-03-20 | Uop Llc | Unit, system and process for catalytic cracking |
US8246914B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2012-08-21 | Uop Llc | Fluid catalytic cracking system |
US8889076B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2014-11-18 | Uop Llc | Fluid catalytic cracking system and process |
JP2011020045A (ja) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-02-03 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 変性ゼオライト触媒および該変性ゼオライト触媒を用いた不飽和炭化水素類の製造方法 |
EA019862B1 (ru) * | 2009-07-30 | 2014-06-30 | Мицубиси Кемикал Корпорейшн | Способ получения пропилена и катализатор получения пропилена |
KR101298871B1 (ko) * | 2011-02-24 | 2013-08-21 | 롯데케미칼 주식회사 | 에틸렌 및 프로필렌 제조방법 |
JP6228682B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-11-08 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | プロピレンの製造方法およびプロピレン製造用触媒 |
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US6455750B1 (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2002-09-24 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for selectively producing light olefins |
US6313366B1 (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 2001-11-06 | Exxonmobile Chemical Patents, Inc. | Process for selectively producing C3 olefins in a fluid catalytic cracking process |
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US9656928B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-05-23 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Processes and catalysts for production of light olefins |
US9783465B1 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-10-10 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Process for forming ethylene and propylene by hydrocracking |
US9783464B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2017-10-10 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Catalytic hydrocracking of light olefins |
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