JP4285459B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4285459B2 JP4285459B2 JP2005239681A JP2005239681A JP4285459B2 JP 4285459 B2 JP4285459 B2 JP 4285459B2 JP 2005239681 A JP2005239681 A JP 2005239681A JP 2005239681 A JP2005239681 A JP 2005239681A JP 4285459 B2 JP4285459 B2 JP 4285459B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
- F02D41/0082—Controlling each cylinder individually per groups or banks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
- F01N13/107—More than one exhaust manifold or exhaust collector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
- F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
- F02D41/1498—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine measuring engine roughness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Description
図1に示されるように第1のバンク1を構成する第1の気筒群は燃料噴射弁3と点火栓4との備えた1番気筒#1、3番気筒#3および5番気筒#5からなる3つの気筒5を有しており、第2のバンク2を構成する第2の気筒群も燃料噴射弁3と点火栓4とを備えた2番気筒#2、4番気筒#4および6番気筒#6からなる3つの気筒5を有している。これらの各気筒5へは共通の吸気通路6を介して吸入空気が供給される。
アクセルペダル30にはアクセルペダル30の踏込み量Lに比例した出力電圧を発生する負荷センサ31が接続され、負荷センサ31の出力電圧は対応するAD変換器27を介して入力ポート25に入力される。更に入力ポート25にはクランクシャフトが例えば30°回転する毎に出力パルスを発生するクランク角センサ32が接続される。一方、出力ポート26は対応する駆動回路28を介して各燃料噴射弁3および各点火栓4に接続される。
図9はV型8気筒エンジンにおいて、リッチ気筒Rでの爆発が3回以上連続して行われない好ましいリッチ気筒Rとリーン気筒Lの配列例を示しており、図10はリッチ気筒Rでの爆発が3回以上連続して行われる好ましくないリッチ気筒Rとリーン気筒Lの配列例を示している。図9以外にも好ましい配列例が多数存在し、図10以外にも好ましくない配列例が多数存在するがそれら配列例については説明を詳細する。
図13の(A)に示されるように第1の気筒群1が2つのリッチ気筒Rと、1つのストイキ気筒Sからなり、第2の気筒群2が2つのリーン気筒Lと、1つのストイキ気筒Sからなる組合せに対し、好ましい配列が図14に示され、好ましくない配列が図15および図16に示されている。
2 第2の気筒群
5 気筒
7 第1の排気通路
9,12 三元触媒
10 第2の排気通路
13 NOx吸蔵還元触媒
Claims (6)
- 6個以上の気筒を有し、これら気筒を少なくとも3個の気筒からなる第1の気筒群と少なくとも3個の気筒からなる第2の気筒群とに分割し、第1の気筒群を共通の第1の排気通路に連結すると共に第2の気筒群を共通の第2の排気通路に連結し、第1の排気通路および第2の排気通路内に夫々触媒を配置すると共にこれら触媒の下流において第1の排気通路および第2の排気通路を共通のNOx吸蔵還元触媒に連結し、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときには第1の気筒群又は第2の気筒群のいずれか一方の気筒群における平均空燃比をリッチにすると共に残りの気筒群における平均空燃比をリーンにするようにした内燃機関において、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときに平均空燃比がリッチとされる気筒群については少なくとも2つの気筒における空燃比をリッチにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比を理論空燃比或いはリーンにするか、又は少なくとも1つの気筒における空燃比をリッチにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比を理論空燃比にし、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときに平均空燃比がリーンとされる気筒群については少なくとも2つの気筒における空燃比をリーンにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比を理論空燃比或いはリッチにするか、又は少なくとも1つの気筒における空燃比をリーンにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比を理論空燃比にするようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときに平均空燃比がリッチとされる気筒群については少なくとも2つの気筒における空燃比をリッチにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比をリーンにし、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときに平均空燃比がリーンとされる気筒群については少なくとも2つの気筒における空燃比をリーンにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比をリッチにした場合において、予め定められている爆発順序に従って各気筒での爆発が順次行われる際にリッチ空燃比の気筒での爆発が3回以上連続して行われないようにリッチ空燃比の気筒とリーン空燃比の気筒の配列を定めた請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 6気筒内燃機関において、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときに平均空燃比がリッチとされる気筒群については少なくとも1つの気筒における空燃比をリッチにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比を理論空燃比にし、NOx吸蔵還元触媒を昇温すべきときに平均空燃比がリーンとされる気筒群については少なくとも1つの気筒における空燃比をリーンにすると共に残りの気筒における空燃比を理論空燃比にし、平均空燃比がリッチにされる気筒群においてリッチ空燃比とされる気筒の数を変えるか、又は平均空燃比がリーンとされる気筒群においてリーン空燃比とされる気筒の数を変えることによってNOx吸蔵還元触媒の昇温速度を変化させるようにした請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- リッチ空燃比の気筒、理論空燃比の気筒およびリーン空燃比の気筒を有しており、リッチ空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力は理論空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力よりも高く、理論空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力はリーン空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力よりも高い6気筒内燃機関において、予め定められている爆発順序に従って各気筒での爆発が順次行われる毎に爆発時の出力が交互に高低を繰返すようリッチ空燃比の気筒、理論空燃比の気筒およびリーン空燃比の気筒の配列を定めた請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 一部の理論空燃比の気筒の点火時期を遅らせて点火時期を遅らせた理論空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力が点火時期を遅らせていない理論空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力よりも低くされ、予め定められている爆発順序に従って各気筒での爆発が順次行われる毎に爆発時の出力が交互に高低を繰返すようリッチ空燃比の気筒、点火時期を遅らせていない理論空燃比の気筒、点火時期を遅らせた理論空燃比の気筒およびリーン空燃比の気筒の配列を定めた請求項4に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- リッチ空燃比の気筒、理論空燃比の気筒およびリーン空燃比の気筒を有しており、リッチ空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力は理論空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力よりも高く、理論空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力はリーン空燃比の気筒の爆発時の出力よりも高い6気筒内燃機関において、予め定められている爆発順序に従って各気筒での爆発が順次行われる際にリッチ空燃比の気筒の爆発とリーン空燃比の気筒の爆発とが等間隔で交互に行われないようにリッチ空燃比の気筒、理論空燃比の気筒およびリーン空燃比の気筒の配列を定めた請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005239681A JP4285459B2 (ja) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-08-22 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
CN2006800253761A CN101223344B (zh) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-16 | 内燃机的排气净化装置及其控制方法 |
DE602006018020T DE602006018020D1 (de) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-16 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung eines verbrennungsmotors und steuerverfahren dafür |
US11/794,978 US7975471B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-16 | Exhaust purification apparatus of internal combustion engine and control method thereof |
EP06795348A EP1917431B1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-16 | Exhaust purification apparatus of internal combustion engine and control method thereof |
PCT/IB2006/002339 WO2007023380A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-16 | Exhaust purification apparatus of internal combustion engine and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2005239681A JP4285459B2 (ja) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-08-22 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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JP2007056682A JP2007056682A (ja) | 2007-03-08 |
JP4285459B2 true JP4285459B2 (ja) | 2009-06-24 |
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JP2005239681A Expired - Fee Related JP4285459B2 (ja) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-08-22 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7975471B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1917431B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4285459B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101223344B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006018020D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007023380A1 (ja) |
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JP4512080B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-10 | 2010-07-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP5149988B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2013-02-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | プラントの制御装置 |
EP2492476A1 (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2012-08-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Air/fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engine |
US8534050B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2013-09-17 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Exhaust gas aftertreatment system for a diesel engine and method of increasing a temperature of an SCR catalyst to reduce NOx in exhaust gases |
JP6183295B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-08-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
JP6233336B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-11-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP6252525B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-12-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP6477612B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-27 | 2019-03-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
JP6520910B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-05-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
US11187176B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2021-11-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for increasing engine power output under globally stoichiometric operation |
US11248554B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2022-02-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for increasing engine power output under globally stoichiometric operation |
US11187168B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2021-11-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for increasing engine power output under globally stoichiometric operation |
US11073095B2 (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-07-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for improving exhaust system efficiency |
US10871140B1 (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2020-12-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for reducing engine torque utilizing split lambda fueling |
US11022061B1 (en) | 2020-01-31 | 2021-06-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for an exhaust gas temperature sensor diagnostics using split lambda engine operation |
US11300063B2 (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2022-04-12 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for split lambda catalyst heating |
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US5657625A (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1997-08-19 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus and method for internal combustion engine control |
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DE19910503C1 (de) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-07-06 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur periodischen Desulfatisierung eines Stickoxid- oder Schwefeloxid-Speichers mit Fett/Mager-Motorzylinderaufteilung |
JP3707395B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-26 | 2005-10-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
DE10142669B4 (de) * | 2001-08-31 | 2004-04-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Motorsteuerung und Verfahren zum Reinigen eines Katalysators in einer Abgasanlage einer Mehrzylinderbrennkraftmaschine |
JP2004068690A (ja) | 2002-08-06 | 2004-03-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE10254683A1 (de) | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine mit einem NOx-Speicherkatalysator |
US6854264B2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2005-02-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Computer controlled engine adjustment based on an exhaust flow |
US7021046B2 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2006-04-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Engine system and method for efficient emission control device purging |
-
2005
- 2005-08-22 JP JP2005239681A patent/JP4285459B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-08-16 WO PCT/IB2006/002339 patent/WO2007023380A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-08-16 US US11/794,978 patent/US7975471B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-08-16 DE DE602006018020T patent/DE602006018020D1/de active Active
- 2006-08-16 EP EP06795348A patent/EP1917431B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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EP1917431A1 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
WO2007023380A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
JP2007056682A (ja) | 2007-03-08 |
US20070289295A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
CN101223344A (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
US7975471B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
CN101223344B (zh) | 2010-05-19 |
EP1917431B1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
DE602006018020D1 (de) | 2010-12-16 |
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