JP4130982B2 - Vacuum insulation - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vacuum heat insulating material used for refrigeration / refrigeration equipment, a freezer, a freezer car, a refrigerated container, LNG and the like for transportation or storage, a storage container, a pipe cover, a house heat insulation panel, and the like.

  In recent years, in order to protect the global environment, there has been a demand for the establishment of chlorofluorocarbon-free or energy-saving technologies as technologies for protecting the ozone layer and preventing global warming. Is attracting attention.

  Here, a conventional vacuum heat insulating material will be outlined with reference to FIG. The vacuum heat insulating material 10 has a core material (for example, open-celled rigid polyurethane foam) 11, and the core material 11 is housed in a gas barrier outer packaging material 12, and the inside thereof is decompressed (vacuum state). After that, the outer packing material 12 is sealed to be a vacuum heat insulating material.

  By the way, in general, the core material 11 is subjected to heat treatment (baking treatment) to remove moisture, gas, low molecular organic substances, and the like contained therein, but even if this heat treatment is performed, the core material 11 Gas may be generated, and the degree of vacuum of the vacuum heat insulating material may deteriorate to deteriorate the heat insulating performance. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7, the getter agent 13 is arranged in the vacuum heat insulating material 10 (that is, the core material 11), the gas generated from the core material 11 is adsorbed, and the degree of vacuum is deteriorated (insulating performance). (Deterioration) is prevented. And the above-mentioned vacuum heat insulating material is shape | molded by the plate-shaped panel material, for example, is mounted | worn with inner walls, such as a house and a freezer.

  On the other hand, in order to improve the strength of the vacuum insulation core material and improve the durability and production efficiency of the vacuum insulation material, in the vacuum insulation material using open-celled rigid urethane foam as the core material, the core material is heated after molding. In some cases, the core material is subjected to a curing process, and the core material is subjected to a vacuuming process after being subjected to a heat treatment, a heat treatment, or a heat treatment and a heat treatment (see Patent Document 1).

  Further, in order to obtain a highly reliable heat insulating material, the polyol component and the isocyanate component are contained so that the equivalent ratio of NCO / OH is about 0.55 to 0.95, and water is preferably contained as a blowing agent. The foamed raw material is foam-molded (multistage compression molding) to produce an open-celled rigid polyurethane foam molded body having a degree of communication of 99% or more with the skin layer remaining, and the entire molded body is gas-blocking film. In some cases, the container is covered with a container, and the inside of the container is decompressed and then sealed to obtain a vacuum heat insulating material (see Patent Document 2).

  JP 2003-65489 A (paragraph (0009) to paragraph (0019), FIGS. 1 to 3)   JP 2000-355617 A (paragraph (0011) to paragraph (0023), FIGS. 1 to 5)

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 7, when the core material 11 is enclosed in the outer packaging material 12, the outer surface of the core material 11 and the inner surface of the outer packaging material 12 come into contact with each other, and heat is conducted from this contact portion. . That is, even if the core material 11 is placed in a vacuum, heat is inevitably conducted at the contact portion between the core material 11 and the outer packing material 12, and the heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulating material 10 is the heat of the core material 11. It depends greatly on the conductivity. For example, the heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulating material 10 depends on about 90% of the thermal conductivity of the core material 11, and even if 90% of the volume of the core material 11 is in a vacuum state, the remaining volume portion 10% has the heat insulating performance. It will be greatly influenced. That is, the vacuum heat insulating material shown in FIG. 7 has a problem that sufficient heat insulating performance cannot be obtained.

  The above-mentioned point is the same in the vacuum heat insulating material described in Patent Document 1 or 2, and if it is described in Patent Document 1, even if the durability and production efficiency are improved, it is still sufficient heat insulation. There is a problem that performance cannot be obtained.

  On the other hand, as described above, the vacuum heat insulating material is formed into a plate-like panel material and is attached to the inner wall of a house or freezer that is an object to be insulated, but the conventional vacuum heat insulating material is plate-shaped. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, for example, when the vacuum heat insulating material 10 is to be mounted on the inner wall 14 a of the freezer 14, the vacuum heat insulating material 10 is mounted at the corner of the freezer 14. Is difficult. That is, when mounting the vacuum heat insulating material 10 on the inner wall 14a, a screw or the like is used, but considering that the vacuum heat insulating material 10 is damaged when screwing, the dimensions of the vacuum heat insulating material 10 are set. As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), there is a limit to reducing the size, and as a result, there is an unavoidable location where the vacuum heat insulating material is not attached, and there is a problem that good heat insulation cannot be performed. is there.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum heat insulating material that is less affected by the thermal conductivity of the core material.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum heat insulating material that can be easily attached to a heat-insulated body and has few non-attached portions on the heat-insulated body.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the present invention uses a layer material made of open-celled rigid urethane foam, glass fiber, or fumed silica as a core material layer, and a heat insulating core body formed by laminating the core material layer in multiple layers. In the plate-like vacuum heat insulating material having an outer packing material in which the laminated heat insulating core body is stored, and the inside of the outer packing material is in a vacuum state,
The core body is formed with a perforated core material layer provided with a hole penetrated in a direction from the one surface side to the other surface side of the outer packaging material, and a layer material without providing the penetrated hole portion. With a non-porous core material layer,
The core material layer is arranged such that a non-porous core material layer is positioned at least on the outer side arranged on the side facing the outer packing material, and the perforated core material layer is positioned in a layer sandwiched between the non-porous core material layers Is formed by interposing a heat insulating film having a heat conduction and radiant heat blocking effect between the perforated core material layer and the non-porous core material layer , Desirably, activated carbon is disposed in a non-porous core material layer located on one side of the outer packaging material, and a gas generated from the perforated core material layer and the non-porous core material layer is adsorbed. Propose insulation .

In the present invention, the a plurality of perforated core material layer, the perforated foramen core material layer such that the hole portions do not overlap with, the has a plurality of perforated core material layer is disposed, the core material layer has an imperforate core portion the hole is not formed, it is desirable to arrange the the perforated core material layer and said non-porous core material layer alternately. Incidentally, by interposing a plurality of perforated core material layer between nonporous core material layer, a space formed between the heat-insulating core material and the hole, the perforated core the thermal insulating core body and the space It may be used as a material layer .

In the present invention, between the layers of the multilayer structure, Ru is interposed an insulating film having a thermal conductivity and heat radiation blocking effect. Furthermore, the surface of the outer packing material may be subjected to an envoking process, or the surface of each layer may be subjected to an envoking process in the multilayer structure. Moreover, you may make it an outer packing material make a block shape.

As described above, the vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention has a multilayer structure in which the core material layer is directed from the one surface side to the other surface side of the outer packaging material, and at least one layer of this multilayer structure is formed from the one surface side to the other surface. Since the perforated core material layer is formed with a hole facing toward the side, this hole becomes a vacuum layer and is less affected by the thermal conductivity of the core material layer, which can improve the heat insulation performance. effective.

  In the present invention, since the outer packing material has a block shape, a gap generated when the wall surface of the heat insulating body is insulated using another vacuum heat insulating panel can be filled with the block-shaped vacuum heat insulating material. Is effectively insulated.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to the description unless otherwise specified. It is just an example.

Referring to FIG. 1, the illustrated vacuum heat insulating material 20 is a heat insulating core body in which a layer material made of open-cell rigid urethane foam, glass fiber, or fumed silica is used as a core material layer, and the core material layer is laminated in multiple layers. has 21, the heat-insulating core body 21, in the example of FIG shown, has a first and second core material layer 21a and 21b, the first core material layer 21a is illustrated at predetermined intervals along the axial direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 1) as a plurality of holes 22 passing through in the vertical direction in the drawing is formed (hereinafter the first core material layer perforated core member department layer and call). Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the perforated core material layer 21a from above, and the perforated core material layer 21a has a plurality of holes 22 arranged in a matrix (matrix shape). These hole portions 22 penetrate from the front side to the back side of the paper surface in the drawing (that is, from the front surface to the back surface of the perforated core material layer 21a).

In the second core material layer 21b, the core material layer is formed of a layer material made of open-cell hard urethane foam, glass fiber, or fumed silica without providing the hole 22 as described in FIG . (In the following description, the second core material layer 21b is referred to as a non-porous core material layer 21b.) As shown in FIG. 1, for example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is formed on the front and back surfaces of the perforated core material layer 21a. A heat insulating film material 23 in which aluminum is vapor-deposited on the film) is disposed so as to cover the surface of the perforated core material layer 21a, and a non-porous core material layer 21b is disposed on each of the heat insulating film materials 23. The heat insulating film material 23 has a heat conduction and radiant heat blocking effect, and the heat conduction and radiant heat blocking effect in the multilayer structure is improved by the heat insulating film 23.

That is, the perforated core material layer 21a is sandwiched by the nonporous core material layer 21b via the heat insulating film material 23, and the heat insulating core body 21 includes the perforated core material layer 21a, the heat insulating film material 23, and the nonporous core. It has the multilayer structure of the material layer 21b.

The above-mentioned core material layer is housed in the heat-insulating and gas-blocking outer packing material 24, and the inside of the outer packing material 24 is exhausted by a rotary pump (not shown) to be in a vacuum state. Then, the outer packing material 24 is sealed to obtain a vacuum heat insulating material 20. Note that the non-porous in the core material layer 21b located on the lower side in FIG. 1 is disposed a getter agent (activated carbon) 25, by adsorbing gas generated from the perforated core material layer 21a and the non-porous core material layer 21b The vacuum is prevented from deteriorating. The vacuum heat insulating material 20 has, for example, a panel shape, and is attached to a wall surface of a house or a freezer that is an object to be heat-insulated.

It has a vacuum insulating material 20 is a multilayer structure described above, moreover since the perforated core layer 21a on the inside are located, upon its internal vacuum state by evacuating the outer packaging 24, perforated core The hole 22 of the material layer 21a becomes a vacuum layer, the heat transfer volume of the perforated core material layer 21a is reduced, and the heat insulation performance is improved. Furthermore, since the perforated core material layer 21a has a plurality of holes 22, the weight is reduced accordingly. Furthermore, since the heat insulating sheet material 23 is interposed between the perforated core material layer 21a and the non-porous core material layer 21b, the heat insulating sheet material 23 further improves the heat insulating performance.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, has been described heat-insulating core body 21 of the three layers is sandwiched a perforated core material layer 21a with nonporous core material layer 21b, further perforated outside the nonporous core material layer 21b You may make it arrange | position the core material layer 21a. Furthermore, using only the perforated core material layer 21a, as the hole 22 of the perforated core material layer 21a do not overlap, it may be a multilayer structure. Then, such a multilayer structure after a vacuum state, because a vacuum layer formed by the hole 22 of the perforated core material layer 21a do not overlap each other, it is possible to greatly reduce the heat conduction. In any case, if the heat insulating core body 21 has at least one porous core material layer 21a and the heat insulating core body 21 has a multilayer structure, a vacuum layer is formed in the porous core material layer 21a. As a result, the heat insulation performance can be improved.

For example, when a core material layer having a five-layer structure is used, and two of the core material layers are made into a perforated core material layer, and the perforated core material layer and the non-porous core material layer are alternately arranged, the thickness of each layer becomes In the case of 5 mm, the heat conduction between the respective layers becomes 1/2 and finally the heat conduction becomes 1/4. Further, by interposing the heat insulating sheet material made of aluminum between the perforated core material layer 21a and the non-porous core material layer 21b, for example, when N heat insulating sheet materials are used, 1 / ( N + 1) When the amount of radiation is reduced and four heat insulating sheet members are used, the amount of radiation is reduced by 80% by 1 / (4 + 1).

By the way, instead of using the perforated core material layer 21a shown in FIG. 2, for example, a rectangular bar-shaped heat insulating core piece 21c, a cylindrical heat insulating core piece 21c, or a cubic heat insulating core piece shown in FIG. 21c may be used to define the perforated core material layer 21a. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), arranging the heat-insulating core pieces 21c of the square rod at predetermined intervals between the nonporous core material layer 21b (i.e., the thermal insulation core pieces 21c of the square rod two imperforate Sandwiched between core material layers 21b). If it does in this way, the space 21d between the heat insulation core pieces 21c will function as the hole part 22 shown in FIG. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 3B, the heat insulating core piece 21c and the space 21d function as the perforated core material layer 21a. Moreover, as shown in FIG.3 (c), you may make it form the space 21d by arrange | positioning the cylindrical heat insulation core piece 21c and the cube-shaped heat insulation core piece 21c between the non-porous core material layers 21b. Anyway, by interposing a plurality of heat-insulating core pieces 21c between nonporous core material layer 21b, with a space 21d formed between the heat insulating core pieces 21c, though the hole portion 22, the heat insulating core pieces 21c The space 21d may be a perforated core material layer 21a.

Next, referring to FIG. 4, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 shown in FIG. 4A has a plurality of block bodies 31, and these block bodies 31 are connected to each other by a plate-like connecting member 32. A core material layer is arranged in each block body 31, and the inside of the block body 31 is evacuated to be in a vacuum state. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4B, first and second outer packing materials 33 and 34 having recesses at predetermined intervals are prepared, and a core material layer 35 such as glass fiber is provided in the recesses. The block body 31 filled with the core material layer 35 is formed by contacting the first and second outer packing materials 33 and 34 so that the concave portions overlap each other. Thereafter, each block body 31 is evacuated to a vacuum state, and the first and second outer packing materials 33 and 34 are sealed to obtain a vacuum heat insulating material 30. At this time, the first and second outer packing materials 33 and 34 connect the block bodies 31 to each other. In addition, in the example shown in FIG.4 (b), a getter agent is not shown.

  Such a vacuum heat insulating material 30 is used as an auxiliary | assistant of the vacuum heat insulating material 20 demonstrated in FIG. For example, when the vacuum heat insulating material 20 described with reference to FIG. 1 is mounted on the wall surface of the object to be heat-insulated, there are inevitably places where the vacuum heat insulating material 20 cannot be mounted (gap between the vacuum heat insulating materials 20). Therefore, the block body 31 of the vacuum heat insulating member 30 described in FIGS. 4A and 4B is arranged so as to be embedded in the gap. For example, when the object to be insulated is the cool box 40 shown in FIG. 5, if the vacuum heat insulating material 20 is attached to the inner wall surface, the vacuum heat insulating material 20 cannot be attached to the corner portion. Therefore, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is arranged so that the block body 31 described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B is embedded in the gap of the vacuum heat insulating material 20. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner wall surface of the cool box 40 can be substantially covered with the vacuum heat insulating materials 20 and 30.

  In the example shown in FIG. 4C, the connecting member 32 that connects the block bodies 31 has a protrusion 36 that protrudes in the vertical direction from the surface, and the block body 31 is mounted in the gap of the vacuum heat insulating material 20. At this time, the vacuum heat insulating material 30 is fixed to the vacuum heat insulating material 20 by using the protrusions 36.

  Furthermore, you may make it use the thing of the shape shown in FIG. 6 as a vacuum heat insulating material. As shown in FIG. 6A, the illustrated vacuum heat insulating material 50 includes a first member 51a and a second member 51b extending in parallel with the first member 51a. The two members 51a and 51b are integrated with a step 51c. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6B, if a plurality of vacuum heat insulating members 50 are connected to form a vacuum heat insulating body 52, a large vacuum heat insulating body 52 can be easily formed, and the vacuum heat insulating body. The distance from one surface (front surface) 52 to the other surface (back surface) can be increased, and as a result, the heat conduction distance can be increased.

Note that the core material layer of both the vacuum heat insulating materials shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 may have a multilayer structure as described in FIG. Further, used materials such as silica, urethane, styrene, or glass wool may be pulverized at a low temperature and used as a core material layer of a vacuum heat insulating material. In addition, to reduce the contact area by performing Enboisu machining the surface of the outer packaging material may be made to improve the insulation performance, the multilayer structure of the core material layer is subjected to Enboisu machining on the surface of each core material layer The contact area between the core material layers may be reduced to improve the heat insulation performance.

Have a multilayer structure core material layer toward the one surface side of the outer packaging material in the direction of the other side, perforated core member hole portion toward the one side the other side at least one layer is formed of the multilayer structure since the layer, the hole becomes a vacuum layer, and it is less dependent on the thermal conductivity of the core material layer, the result can be improved insulation performance, it can be applied as insulation for various object insulation.

  It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the vacuum heat insulating material by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the perforated core material layer used with the vacuum heat insulating material shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example which comprises the perforated core material layer used with the vacuum heat insulating material shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a perspective view which shows the example of a heat insulation core piece , (b) is a non-porous core material layer. It illustrates an example function as a perforated core material layer by interposing a heat insulating core pieces between, (b) the other to function as a perforated core material layer by interposing a heat insulating core pieces between nonporous core material layer It is a figure which shows an example.   It is a figure which shows an example of the shape of the vacuum heat insulating material by this invention, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing, (c) is sectional drawing of another example.   It is a figure which shows the example at the time of covering the inner wall of a cool box using the vacuum heat insulating material shown in FIG. 4, (a) is a front sectional view, (b) is a sectional side view.   It is a figure for demonstrating the other example of the shape of the vacuum heat insulating material by this invention, (a) is a perspective view of a vacuum heat insulating material, (b) is the vacuum heat insulating body which combined the vacuum heat insulating material shown to (a). FIG.   It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional vacuum heat insulating material.   It is a figure which shows the example at the time of covering the inner wall of a cool box using the vacuum heat insulating material shown in FIG. 7, (a) is a front sectional view, (b) is a sectional side view.

Explanation of symbols

20 Vacuum insulation material 21 Core material layer 21a Perforated core material layer 21b Non-porous core material layer 22 Hole 23 Thermal insulation film material 24 Outer packing material

Claims (2)

A layer material made of open-cell rigid urethane foam, glass fiber, or fumed silica is used as a core material layer, and the heat insulating core body formed by laminating the core material layer in multiple layers and the laminated heat insulating core body are stored. In a plate-like vacuum heat insulating material having an outer packing material, and the inside of the outer packing material is in a vacuum state,
The core body is formed with a perforated core material layer provided with a hole penetrated in a direction from the one surface side to the other surface side of the outer packaging material, and a layer material without providing the penetrated hole portion. With a non-porous core material layer,
The core material layer is arranged such that a non-porous core material layer is positioned at least on the outer side arranged on the side facing the outer packing material, and the perforated core material layer is positioned in a layer sandwiched between the non-porous core material layers And a heat insulating film having a heat conduction and radiation heat blocking effect is interposed between the porous core material layer and the nonporous core material layer. Vacuum insulation. The activated carbon is disposed in a non-porous core material layer located on one side of the outer packing material, and gas generated from the perforated core material layer and the non-porous core material layer is adsorbed. The vacuum insulation material described.

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