KR100710981B1 - Heat Insulating Materials of Cargo Tank for Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers - Google Patents

Heat Insulating Materials of Cargo Tank for Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers Download PDF

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KR100710981B1
KR100710981B1 KR1020030092249A KR20030092249A KR100710981B1 KR 100710981 B1 KR100710981 B1 KR 100710981B1 KR 1020030092249 A KR1020030092249 A KR 1020030092249A KR 20030092249 A KR20030092249 A KR 20030092249A KR 100710981 B1 KR100710981 B1 KR 100710981B1
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South Korea
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insulation
heat insulating
tank
low temperature
liquefied gas
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KR1020030092249A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20050060589A (en
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민계식
김대영
소용신
신상범
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현대중공업 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/06—Coverings, e.g. for insulating purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/022—Laminated structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/12—Gel
    • B32B2266/126—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0325—Aerogel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재에 관한 것으로, 그 목적은 단열성능이 우수한 에어로젤의 단점인 취성과 압축시 단열성능 저하를 극복하여 LNG운반선의 적재화물의 보온을 위한 단열 탱크의 단열재로 사용할 수 있도록 함으로써, 단열성능을 향상시키고, 운항시 단열층 무게에 의한 운송비용 손실을 개선하며, 단열층의 두께를 줄여 화물 적재량을 증대시키고자 하는 데에 있다.The present invention relates to a heat insulating material for a low temperature liquefied gas storage transport insulation tank, the object of the insulation tank for thermal insulation of the cargo of LNG carriers by overcoming brittleness and deterioration of the heat insulation performance during compression, which is a disadvantage of the airgel excellent in heat insulation performance In order to be used as a heat insulating material, to improve the heat insulating performance, to improve the transportation cost loss due to the weight of the heat insulating layer during operation, and to reduce the thickness of the heat insulating layer to increase the cargo load.

본 발명은 저온 액화가스 저장/수송용 단열탱크에 사용되는 단열재에 있어서, 상기 단열재는 폴리우레탄 폼 단열재와 에어로젤 패널을 멤브레인과 선체 사이에 위치하도록 설치되는 플라이우드 사이에 교대로 적층배열 설치하고, 상기 플라이우드에 연결되도록 보강부재가 설치되는 단일방벽 구조로 이루어진 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재를 제공함에 있다.
The present invention is a heat insulating material used in the low temperature liquefied gas storage tank for the transportation, the heat insulating material alternately installed between the polyurethane foam insulation and the plywood installed to place the airgel panel between the membrane and the hull, It is to provide a heat insulating material of the insulating tank for low temperature liquefied gas storage transport consisting of a single barrier structure is installed to be connected to the plywood reinforcement member.

에어로젤, LNG운반선, 단열탱크, 취성, 저온 액화가스Airgel, LNG Carrier, Insulation Tank, Brittle, Low Temperature Liquefied Gas

Description

저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재{Heat Insulating Materials of Cargo Tank for Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers} Heat Insulating Materials of Cargo Tank for Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers}             

도 1 은 종래의 이중 방벽구조를 보인 단열탱크 예시도1 is an exemplary view of a heat insulating tank showing a conventional double barrier structure

도 2 는 본 발명에 따른 구성을 보인 단열재 단면예시도Figure 2 is an exemplary cross-sectional view of the insulating material showing a configuration according to the present invention

도 3 은 도 2 의 A-A 선 단면도3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

도 4 는 본 발명에 따른 또다른 구성을 보인 단열재 단면예시도Figure 4 is an exemplary cross-sectional view of the insulating material showing another configuration according to the present invention

도 5 는 본 발명에 따른 실드패널(Shielded Aerogel) 단면구조를 보인 예시도Figure 5 is an exemplary view showing a shielded panel (Shielded Aerogel) cross-sectional structure according to the present invention

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

(10) : 폴리우레탄 단열재 (20) : 에어로젤(Aerogel) 패널(10): Polyurethane Insulation (20): Aerogel Panel

(30) : 보강부재 (31) : 실드(Shield)패널(30): reinforcing member (31): shield panel

(40,50) : 플라이우드(plywood)


(40,50): plywood


본 발명은 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재에 관한 것으로, 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패널을 격자형 또는 박스형으로 배열 설치하여 강도 및 단열성능을 향상시킨 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a heat insulating material of a low temperature liquefied gas storage transport tank, the polyurethane insulation and airgel panel arranged in a grid or box form to improve the strength and heat insulation performance of the heat insulating tank for low temperature liquefied gas storage transport It is about.

일반적으로 액화천연가스(LNG; Liquefied Natural Gas, 이하 'LNG'라 함)는 지하에서 뽑아 올린 탄화수소 계열의 천연 가스를, 운송과 저장의 편의를 위해 -162℃로 압축, 냉각, 액화시켜 부피를 1/600으로 줄인 극저온 액체를 말하는 것으로, 가격에 비해 열량이 우수하여 석유 대체에너지로 각광받고 있으며, 청정에너지로서 LNG 교역량 증가에 따라 LNG운반선의 수요도 증가하고 있다. In general, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a hydrocarbon-based natural gas extracted from the ground, compressed, cooled, and liquefied to -162 ° C for convenience of transportation and storage. It is a cryogenic liquid that has been reduced to 1/600, and it has received much attention as an alternative to petroleum due to its excellent calorie value compared to the price, and the demand for LNG carriers is increasing as the LNG trade volume increases as clean energy.

상기와 같은 액화천연가스 또는 액화수소 및 산소 등, 저온의 액화가스를 저장 수송하는 단열용기의 설계에 있어서 외부로부터의 열침입에 의한 액화가스의 비등을 방지하는 단열 기술이 무엇보다도 중요하다. 현재 상업적으로 고안 적용되고 있는 단열방법에는 외부 단열 방법과 내부 단열방법이 있으며, 내부 단열방법은 용기 외함의 온도를 외기 온도와 유사하게 제어할 수 있으므로 저온용 소재의 적용과 같은 소재 사용에 제약이 없는 장점을 구비하고 있다. 이러한 내부 단열방법에는 미국의 맥도넬 더글라스 사의 중간 방벽 구조(US Pat. 3,993,216, 1976)를 기초로 2중 방벽 구조를 가지는 프랑스의 GTT사의 멤브레인형의 단열 용기가 알려져 있다. In the design of a heat insulation container for storing and transporting liquefied natural gas or low temperature liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas or oxygen, a heat insulation technology that prevents boiling of liquefied gas by heat intrusion from the outside is important. Currently, commercially available insulation methods include external insulation methods and internal insulation methods, and the internal insulation method can control the temperature of a container's enclosure similar to the outside air temperature, so the use of materials such as low temperature materials is limited. It has no advantages. In this internal insulation method, a membrane-type insulation container of GTT, France, which has a double barrier structure based on the middle barrier structure (US Pat. 3,993,216, 1976) of McDonnell Douglas, USA, is known.                         

도 1 은 상기와 같은 종래의 이중 방벽구조를 보인 단열탱크 예시도를 도시한 것으로, LNG가 직접 접촉하는 제 1 밀봉벽인 멤브레인 금속판넬(101)과, 멤브레인에 일정한 하중이 걸리게 하는 제 1 플라이 우드(102)와, 제 1 단열벽인 폴리우레탄 폼(103)과, 제 2 밀봉벽인 알루미늄 금속판(104)과 제 2 단열벽인 폴리우레탄 폼(105)과, 제 2 플라이우드(106)와, 화물과 단열탱크의 중량을 선체(107)에 전달하는 마스틱(110)과 단열탱크를 선체에 고정하는 고정 수단으로서 볼트(108)와 너트(109)로 구성되어 있다. FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an insulated tank having a conventional double barrier structure as described above, wherein a membrane metal panel 101 which is a first sealing wall in which LNG is in direct contact with a membrane, and a first ply to apply a constant load to the membrane. Wood 102, polyurethane foam 103 as a first heat insulating wall, aluminum metal plate 104 as a second sealing wall, polyurethane foam 105 as a second heat insulating wall, and second plywood 106 And a bolt 108 and a nut 109 as fixing means for fixing the mastic 110 for transmitting the weight of the cargo and the insulating tank to the hull 107 and the insulating tank to the hull.

상기에서와 같이, 이들 특허 구조들은 단열소재로서 발포 천연광물인 perlite나 발포 폴리우레탄을 사용하고 있으나, 이들 단열구조들은 단열특성을 확보하기 위해 요구되는 두께가 두꺼워 공간효율이 저하되는 단점이 있다. 즉, 종래의 저온 액화가스 저장/수송용 단열탱크 구조는 보온을 위한 단열층이 폴리우레탄 폼으로만 구성됨으로써 두께가 과도하게 두껍고 무거우므로 단열층 제조비용이 과다하며, 단열층의 무게에 의해 운송비용을 증가시키고, 화물적재 용량의 손실을 초래하는 문제점이 있었다. 일례로 종래의 단열탱크 구조에 의해 건조된 145,000㎥급 LNG운반선의 경우 단열층의 두께로 인하여 약 3%정도의 적재용량 손실을 초래하고 있고, 또한 단열시스템의 단열성능은 하루에 적재 LNG의 0.15%가 기화되는 것으로 알려져 있다.As described above, these patented structures use perlite or expanded polyurethane, which is a natural mineral foam, as the insulating material, but these insulating structures have a disadvantage in that the space efficiency is reduced due to the thick thickness required to secure insulating properties. That is, the conventional low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank tank structure for insulation / transportation is excessively thick and heavy because the insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, so the insulation layer manufacturing cost is excessive, and the transportation cost by the weight of the insulation layer There has been a problem that increases, resulting in a loss of cargo loading capacity. For example, the 145,000m3 LNG carriers constructed by the conventional insulated tank structure cause about 3% loss of loading capacity due to the thickness of the insulation layer, and the insulation performance of the insulation system is 0.15% of the LNG loaded per day. Is known to vaporize.

이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 단열층의 소재를 변경하려는 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있으나, 적재하중을 견뎌야하는 문제점과, 극저온하에서 소재의 단열 특성을 유지해야하는 문제점 등에 의해 많은 어려움이 있었다. In order to solve this problem, studies to change the material of the thermal insulation layer has been actively conducted, but there are a lot of difficulties due to the problem of having to withstand the load load, and the problem of maintaining the thermal insulation properties of the material under cryogenic temperatures.                         

또한, 미국특허 6,485,805와 2002/0094426 등에서 그 특징이 언급되어 있는 단열을 위한 신소재인 에어로젤은 나노단위의 기공성 구조를 가진 저밀도 물질이며, 열전도도, 음파 전도도가 극히 낮으며, 단열·방음·방진·적외선 차단성 및 충격흡수 특성이 우수한 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 그 재질적 취성과 고압으로 압축할 경우, 단열성능이 저하되고, 강도가 부족하여 구조 강도 측면에서 하중전달형 내부 단열방법으로 직접 적용하는데 어려움이 있으며, 이로 인해 LNG운반선등과 같이 저온 액화가스를 저장/수송용 단열재로 사용하는데 여러 가지 문제점이 있었다.
In addition, aerogels, a new material for thermal insulation, whose characteristics are mentioned in US Pat. Nos. 6,485,805 and 2002/0094426, are low-density materials with a porous structure of nano units. It has been found to be excellent in infrared ray-blocking and shock-absorbing properties. However, when the material is brittle and compressed under high pressure, the thermal insulation performance is deteriorated and the strength is insufficient. Thereby, there are various problems in using the low temperature liquefied gas as a heat insulating material for storage / transport, such as LNG carriers.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 그 목적은 저온 액화가스 저장 및 수송용 단열탱크를 2차 방벽 기능없이 단일 방벽에 의해 형성할 수 있는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재를 제공하는 것이다.The present invention is to solve the above problems, the object is to provide a low temperature liquefied gas storage and transport insulation tank of the low temperature liquefied gas storage transport insulation tank that can be formed by a single barrier without the secondary barrier function To provide.

또한, 본 발명의 또다른 목적은 단열성능이 우수한 에어로젤의 단점인 취성과 압축시 단열성능 저하를 극복하여 저온 액화가스운반선의 적재화물의 보온을 위한 단열 탱크의 단열재로 사용할 수 있도록 함으로서, 단열성능을 향상시키고, 운항시 단열층 무게에 의한 운송비용 손실을 개선하며, 단열층의 두께를 줄여 화물 적재량을 증대시키고자 하는 데에 있다.In addition, another object of the present invention is to overcome the brittleness of the airgel excellent in thermal insulation performance, and to overcome the degradation of the thermal insulation performance during compression, so that it can be used as an insulating material of the thermal insulation tank for thermal insulation of the cargo of low temperature liquefied gas carriers, thermal insulation performance The purpose of the present invention is to improve the transportation cost loss due to the weight of the insulation layer during operation, and to increase the cargo load by reducing the thickness of the insulation layer.

본 발명의 또다른 목적은 폴리우레탄과 에어로졸을 격자보강형 또는 박스형으로 하여 강도를 향상시키고, 이를 통해 기계적 하중을 지탱할 수 있는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재를 제공하는 것이다. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating material for a low temperature liquefied gas storage transport tank that can improve the strength by the polyurethane and aerosol lattice reinforcement type or box type, thereby supporting the mechanical load.                         

본 발명의 또다른 목적은 저온 액화가스 저장/수송용 단열탱크에 설치되는 단열재의 두께를 감소하여 설치를 용이하게 하고 공간을 절약할 수 있는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재를 제공하는 것이다.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating material for a low temperature liquefied gas storage transport insulating tank which can reduce the thickness of the heat insulating material installed in the low temperature liquefied gas storage / transport insulation tank to facilitate installation and save space. .

상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 저온 액화가스 저장/수송용 단열탱크에 사용되는 단열재에 있어서, 상기 멤브레인과 선체 사이에 설치되는 단열재는 폴리우레탄 폼 단열재(10)와 에어로젤 패널(20)이 플라이우드(40,50) 사이에 교대로 적층배열 설치되고, 상기 플라이우드(40,50)에 연결되도록 보강부재(30)를 설치하도록 되어 있다.
In order to achieve the object as described above, the present invention is a heat insulating material used in a low temperature liquefied gas storage tank for transport / transport, the insulation is installed between the membrane and the hull polyurethane foam insulation 10 and the airgel panel 20 ) Is alternately arranged between the plywoods 40 and 50, and the reinforcing member 30 is installed to be connected to the plywoods 40 and 50.

이하 본 발명의 실시예인 구성과 그 작용을 첨부도면에 연계시켜 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the configuration and the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2 는 본 발명에 따른 구성을 보인 단열재 단면예시도를, 도 3 은 도 2 의 A-A 선 단면도를 도시한 것으로, 본 발명은 플라이우드(40,50) 사이에 폴리우레탄 단열재(10)와 에어로젤 패널(20)을 수평으로 교대로 적층하고, 보강부재(30)가 수직 및 수평방향으로 등간격을 유지하며 배열하도록 되어 있다. 즉, 단열 성능이 우수한 과립이나 직물판 형태의 미세기공 함유형 단열재료(예: 에어로젤)의 단점인 취성과 압축 변형에 의한 단열성능 저하를 극복하기 위하여, 액체 상태의 폴리우레탄 폼을 경화시키는 과정에 직물 판형태의 에어로젤을 적층 배열하고 수직방향으로 강성을 확보하기 위한 보강부재를 수직으로 배열하도록 되어 있다. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat insulating material showing a configuration according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of Figure 2, the present invention between the polyurethane insulation 10 and the airgel between the plywood (40, 50) The panels 20 are alternately stacked horizontally, and the reinforcing members 30 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. That is, the process of curing the polyurethane foam in the liquid state in order to overcome the deterioration of the thermal insulation performance due to brittleness and compression deformation, which is a disadvantage of the microporous-containing thermal insulation material (eg, airgel) in the form of granules or fabric plates having excellent thermal insulation performance. It is arranged to vertically arrange the reinforcing member to secure the rigidity in the vertical direction and laminating the airgel in the form of a fabric plate.

상기 폴리우레탄 단열재(10)는 폴리에테르계 폴리우레탄에 기포가 들어 있는 우레탄폼으로서, 그 제조방법은 산화프로필렌에 얼마간의 산화에틸렌을 섞어서 먼저 폴리에테르로 하고, 그 양끝의 OH기를 톨루일렌디이소시안산과 반응시켜 고분자량의 폴리우레탄으로 만든다.The polyurethane heat insulating material 10 is a urethane foam containing bubbles in a polyether-based polyurethane, and a method of preparing the same is a polyether by mixing some ethylene oxide with propylene oxide first, and the OH groups at both ends thereof are toluylene diisocysi. It is reacted with an acid to make a high molecular weight polyurethane.

또한 폼 성형(成形) 방법으로는 원-숏법(one-shot method)과 프리폴리머법(prepolymer process)의 2가지가 있는데, 원숏법은 원료성분을 한꺼번에 전부 섞어 반응시켜 발포시키므로 경제적이어서 연질폼은 대부분 이 방법으로 만들어진다. 프리폴리머법은 미리 글리콜의 일부와 디이소시안산염을 반응시켜 프리폴리머(부분중합제)를 만들어 두고, 여기에다 나머지 글리콜·발포제·촉매 따위를 섞어 발포시키는 방법인데, 발포가 고르기 때문에 반경질 폼이나 경질 폼처럼 공업용으로 쓰이는, 품질을 중히 여기는 폼을 만드는 데 이 방법을 이용한다. In addition, there are two types of foam molding methods, one-shot method and prepolymer process. One-shot method is economical because most of the raw materials are mixed and foamed. It is made this way. The prepolymer method is a method in which a part of glycol is reacted with diisocyanate in advance to form a prepolymer (partial polymerizer), and the remaining glycol, foaming agent, and catalyst are mixed and foamed. This method is used to create high quality foams for industrial use.

상기 에어로젤 패널(20)은 나노단위의 미세 기공성 구조를 구비하고 있으며, 열전도도 및 음파 전도도가 극히 낮고, 단열·방음·방진·적외선 차단성 및 충격흡수 특성이 우수한 신소재인 에어로젤을 이용한 것으로, 직물판 형태의 에어로젤을 적층배열하고 이와 같이 적층된 에어로젤 패널은 폴리우레탄 단열재와 교대로 적층된다. The airgel panel 20 has a micro-porous structure in nano units, and has a low thermal conductivity and sound wave conductivity, and uses an airgel which is a new material having excellent insulation, soundproofing, dustproofing, infrared ray blocking, and shock absorption characteristics. Laminating and arranging the airgel in the form of a fabric plate, the laminated airgel panel is laminated with alternating polyurethane insulation.

상기 보강부재(30)는 양단부가 플라이우드(40,50)에 각각 연결/설치되는 것으로, 스페이서 형상을 구비하고, 단열성능을 해치지 않는 범위에서 강성이 충분한 합판, 금속 또는 수지판 등을 사용하며, 적층된 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패 널에 수직을 이루도록 즉, 격자형상을 구비하도록 설치되어 있다.
The reinforcing member 30 is to be connected / installed at both ends of the plywood (40, 50), respectively, having a spacer shape, using a plywood, metal or resin plate, etc. with sufficient rigidity in a range that does not impair the thermal insulation performance In order to be perpendicular to the laminated polyurethane insulation and the airgel panel, that is, provided with a lattice shape.

도 4 는 본 발명에 따른 또다른 구성을 보인 단열재 단면 예시도를 도시한 것으로, 보강부재(30)를 밀폐된 박스형상으로 형성하도록 되어 있다. 즉, 폴리우레탄 단열재(10)와 에어로젤 패널(20)을 순차적으로 적층하고, 상기 적층된 폴리우레탄 단열재(10)와 에어로제 패널(20)의 외부면에 보강부재(30)를 박스형상으로 형성한 후, 그 내부를 진공감압하여 기밀을 유지시키고, 상기와 같이 형성된 박스형 보강부재를 플라이우드(40,50) 사이에 설치하거나, 상기 박스형 보강부재 외부면을 따라 플라이우드(40,50)를 연결 설치하도록 되어 있다. 즉, 본 발명은 적층 강도 및 기밀성을 동시에 확보하기 위해 단열판 내부를 진공으로 감압이 가능하도록 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패널을 박스형상의 구조로 형성할 수 있으며, 박스형상의 외부면을 방벽기능이 있는 실드패널(31)로 이루어진 보강부재(30)로 감싸도록 되어 있다. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat insulating material showing another configuration according to the present invention, and the reinforcing member 30 is formed in a sealed box shape. That is, the polyurethane insulation 10 and the aerogel panel 20 are sequentially stacked, and the reinforcing member 30 is formed in a box shape on the outer surfaces of the laminated polyurethane insulation 10 and the aerogel panel 20. After that, the inside of the vacuum is decompressed to maintain the airtightness, and the box-shaped reinforcement member formed as described above is installed between the plywoods 40 and 50, or the plywoods 40 and 50 are formed along the outer surface of the box-shaped reinforcement member. It is intended to be connected. That is, the present invention can form a polyurethane insulation and an airgel panel in a box-shaped structure to enable the pressure reduction inside the insulation plate in a vacuum to ensure the laminated strength and airtightness at the same time, the box-shaped outer surface has a barrier function It is to be wrapped by the reinforcing member 30 made of the shield panel 31.

상기 실드패널(31)은 알루미늄 박판으로 형성되거나 도 4 에 도시된 바와 같이, 알루미늄 박판등의 금속실드내에 에어로젤이 삽입/설치되는 구성으로 되어 있다.
The shield panel 31 is formed of a thin aluminum sheet or, as shown in Figure 4, the airgel is configured to be inserted / installed in a metal shield such as aluminum thin plate.

상기와 같이 본 발명은 폴리우레탄 단열재(10)와 에어로젤 패널(20)을 플라이우드(40,50) 사이에 교대로 적층하고, 스페이서 형상으로 이루어진 보강부재(30)를 상기 플라이우드(40,50) 사이에 설치하거나, 박스형상의 보강부재 외부면을 따 라 플라이우드(40,50)를 연결 설치하여 적층된 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패널을 보강하도록 되어 있다.
As described above, according to the present invention, the polyurethane insulation 10 and the airgel panel 20 are alternately stacked between the plywoods 40 and 50, and the reinforcing member 30 having a spacer shape is formed on the plywoods 40 and 50. Or plywood (40, 50) is installed along the outer surface of the box-shaped reinforcing member to reinforce the laminated polyurethane insulation and the airgel panel.

다음은 상기와 같이 제조된 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 실험예이다.The following is an experimental example according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention prepared as described above.

실험예 1Experimental Example 1

멤브레인에 일정한 하중이 걸리게 하는 제 1 플라이우드와 마스틱과 연결되는 제 2 플라이우드 사이에 폴리우레탄 폼 단열재와 에어로젤 패널을 교대로 적층배열 설치한 단열재(시험편 1)와, 이와 같이 적층된 단열재의 제 1,2 플라이우드 사이에 폴리우레탄 폼 단열재와 에어로젤 패널의 수직방향으로 보강부재(스페이서)가 설치된 단열재(시험편2)에 대하여 압축응력에 대한 변형저항성을 측정하였으며, 이에 대한 결과는 표 1 과 같다. 이때, 상기 변형량 평가는 통상의 깊이 20m 의 액화천연가스 용기의 바닥에 적용하는 수압 조건인 평당 m 당 83,000 N 의 하중에 대한 변형 저항성을 측정하였다. Insulation material (test piece 1) in which a polyurethane foam insulation material and an airgel panel are alternately arranged and arranged between a first plywood which causes a constant load on the membrane and a second plywood connected to the mastic, Deformation resistance to compressive stress was measured for the insulation material (test piece 2) in which the reinforcing member (spacer) was installed in the vertical direction of the polyurethane foam insulation material and the airgel panel between the 1,2 plywoods. The results are shown in Table 1. . At this time, the deformation amount evaluation measured the deformation resistance to a load of 83,000 N per m per square meter, which is a hydraulic condition applied to the bottom of a normal 20m liquefied natural gas container.

표 1Table 1

100㎜ 두께당 변형량Amount of deformation per 100 mm thickness 시험편 1Test piece 1 약 6 ㎜About 6 mm 시험편 2Test piece 2 약 2 ㎜ 이하About 2 mm or less

실험예 2Experimental Example 2

내부에 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패널이 교대로 적층배열 설치되고 내부가 진공감압된 박스형 보강부재(실드패널 박스)로 이루어진 단열재(시험편 3)와, 폴리우레탄 폼으로 이루어진 단열재(시험편 4)에 대하여 열전도도를 측정하였으며 이에 대한 결과는 표 2 와 같다. Polyurethane insulation material and airgel panel are arranged alternately inside, and the heat conduction is carried out with the heat insulating material (test piece 3) which consists of the box-shaped reinforcement member (shield panel box) in which the inside was vacuum-decompressed, and the heat insulating material (test piece 4) which consists of polyurethane foams. Figures were measured and the results are shown in Table 2.

표 2TABLE 2

열전도도(㎽/m·K)Thermal conductivity (㎽ / mK) 시험편 3Test piece 3 4.04.0 시험편 4Test piece 4 29.229.2

상기와 같이, 미세기공 함유형 단열재의 열전도도는 진공상태에서 4.0 ㎽/m·K로서 단열성능이 급격히 향상되므로, 단열성능을 극대화하기 위하여 박스 내부를 진공 상태로 유지함으로써 단열성능을 보다 더 개선할 수 있다. 이때 기밀성을 확보하기 위해 부가되는 박스 내면 또는 외면에 에 부착되는 알루미늄 박판 중 하부의 단열 단위 적층판은 2차 방벽기능을 겸비하여 별도의 2차 방벽을 설치할 필요가 없는 이점을 제공한다. 내부진공형의 미세기공 함유형 단열재로 제작한 단열판은 종래의 폴리우레탄에 비해 미세기공함유 단열재의 체적 비율이 30%일 때 약 3 배 단열성능이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.
As described above, the thermal conductivity of the microporous-containing heat insulating material is 4.0 ㎽ / m · K in the vacuum state, so the heat insulation performance is sharply improved, the heat insulation performance is further improved by maintaining the inside of the box in a vacuum state to maximize the heat insulation performance can do. At this time, the lower insulation unit laminate of the aluminum thin plate attached to the inner or outer side of the box added to ensure airtightness has the advantage of not having to install a separate secondary barrier having a secondary barrier function. The insulation plate made of the internal vacuum type microporous-containing heat insulating material was about 3 times better thermal insulation performance when the volume ratio of the microporous-containing heat insulating material is 30% compared to the conventional polyurethane.

본 발명은 상술한 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형실시가 가능한 것은 물론이고, 그와 같은 변경은 청구범위 기재의 범위 내에 있게 된다.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

이와 같이 본 발명은 멤브레인과 선체 사이에 설치되는 플라이우드 사이에 폴리우레탄 단열재와 단열성능이 우수한 에어로젤 패널을 교대로 적층하고, 플라이우드에 연결되도록 보강부재를 설치하도록 되어 있어, 열전도도를 급격히 감소시키고, 종래의 단열재에 비해 두께를 얇게 줄일 수 있으며, 이를 통해 공간 사용효율을 높일 수 있다. As described above, the present invention is to alternately stack the polyurethane insulation and the airgel panel having excellent thermal insulation performance between the plywood installed between the membrane and the hull, and install a reinforcing member so as to be connected to the plywood, thereby rapidly reducing the thermal conductivity. And, compared to the conventional heat insulating material can be reduced in thickness thin, thereby increasing the space use efficiency.

또한, 본 발명은 보강부재를 진공 감압이 가능한 박스형상으로 형성하여 단열성능을 극대화함과 동시에, 강도를 향상시킬 수 있다. In addition, the present invention can form a reinforcing member in a box shape capable of vacuum decompression to maximize the heat insulating performance and at the same time improve the strength.

또한, 우수한 단열성능에 의해 저장되는 저온 액화가스의 증발손실량을 줄이고, 운항 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 산업상 그 이용이 크게 기대되는 등 많은 효과가 있다.








In addition, it is possible to reduce the evaporation loss amount of the low temperature liquefied gas stored by the excellent thermal insulation performance, to improve the operating economy, and the industrial use is expected to be greatly expected, there are many effects.








Claims (5)

저온 액화가스 저장/수송용 단열탱크에 사용되는 단열재에 있어서,Insulation material used in the insulation tank for low temperature liquefied gas storage / transportation, 상기 단열재는 폴리우레탄 폼 단열재와 에어로젤 패널을 멤브레인과 선체 사이에 위치하도록 설치되는 플라이우드 사이에 교대로 적층배열 설치하고, 상기 플라이우드에 연결되도록 보강부재가 설치되는 단일방벽 구조로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재.The insulation is installed in a laminated arrangement alternately between the polyurethane foam insulation and the plywood is installed to be positioned between the membrane and the hull, characterized in that consisting of a single barrier structure is installed to the reinforcement member to be connected to the plywood. Insulation material of insulated tank for low temperature liquefied gas storage and transport. 제 1 항에 있어서;The method of claim 1; 상기 보강부재는 스페이서 형상을 구비하고, 양단부가 플라이우드에 각각 연결/설치되며, 적층된 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패널에 대하여 수직을 이루도록 격자형으로 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재.The reinforcing member has a spacer shape, and both ends are connected / installed to the plywood, respectively, and are installed in a lattice shape so as to be perpendicular to the laminated polyurethane insulation and the airgel panel. Insulation of the tank. 제 1 항에 있어서;The method of claim 1; 상기 보강부재는 밀폐된 박스형상을 구비하고, 폴리우레탄 단열재와 에어로젤 패널이 순차적으로 적층된 내부가 진공 감압되는 것을 특징으로 하는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재.The reinforcing member is provided with a closed box shape, the heat insulating material for a low temperature liquefied gas storage transport tank, characterized in that the inside of the polyurethane insulation and the airgel panel is sequentially laminated vacuum reduced. 제 3 항에 있어서;The method of claim 3; 상기 밀폐된 박스형상의 보강부재 외부면을 따라 플라이우드가 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재.Insulation material of the insulating tank for low temperature liquefied gas storage transport, characterized in that the plywood is installed along the outer surface of the sealed box-shaped reinforcement member. 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항에 있어서;The method of claim 1, further comprising: 상기 보강부재는 알루미늄 박판 또는, 금속실드내에 에어로젤이 삽입/설치된 실드패널인 것을 특징으로 하는 저온 액화가스 저장수송용 단열탱크의 단열재.The reinforcing member is a heat insulating material for a low temperature liquefied gas storage transport insulation tank, characterized in that the aluminum panel or a shield panel in which the airgel is inserted / installed in the metal shield.
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KR20160020129A (en) * 2014-08-13 2016-02-23 대우조선해양 주식회사 Insulation Box For LNG Cargo Tank And Manufacturing Method Of The Same
KR102289310B1 (en) * 2014-08-13 2021-08-12 대우조선해양 주식회사 Insulation Box For LNG Cargo Tank And Manufacturing Method Of The Same
KR101919178B1 (en) * 2014-10-28 2019-02-11 현대중공업 주식회사 Liquefied gas storage tank and marine structure including the same
KR20160148307A (en) 2015-06-16 2016-12-26 현대중공업 주식회사 Liquefied gas storage tank and marine structure including the same
US11137115B2 (en) 2018-01-22 2021-10-05 University Of Seoul Industry Cooperation Foundation Storage vessel for extremely low temperature material with cryogenic jacket

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