KR101863989B1

KR101863989B1 - Sealed, thermally-insulating vessel

Info

Publication number: KR101863989B1
Application number: KR1020147005534A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 삐에르 졸리베; 세바스티엥 델라노에; 게리 카니에르
Original assignee: 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈
Priority date: 2011-08-01
Filing date: 2012-07-26
Publication date: 2018-07-05
Also published as: JP2014524547A; KR20140050705A; AU2012291901A1; AU2012291901B2; WO2013017781A1; CN103748401A; FR2978748B1; EP2739895B1; CN103748401B; EP2739895A1; ES2647100T3; FR2978748A1; JP6356602B2

Abstract

A sealed thermal insulation tank arranged in a support structure (1) for containing cold fluid, comprising at least one sealing barrier and at least one insulating barrier (2, 4) arranged between said sealing barrier and said supporting structure. The secondary insulating barrier 2 comprises a first lagging element set 11 arranged side by side to form a first layer and a second lagging element 11 arranged side by side to form a second layer between the first layer and the support structure. (10). One of the lagging elements (11) of the first layer comprises a box structure filled with a heat insulating packing, the heat insulating packing essentially consisting of a material selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, organic wool, low density polymer foam and airgel. One of the lagging elements 10 of the second layer comprises a high density polymer foam block each time.

Description

[0001] SEALED, THERMALLY-INSULATING VESSEL [0002]

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of sealed thermal insulation tanks arranged in a bearing structure to contain cold fluid, and more particularly to a tank having a membrane for containing liquefied gas.

Sealed insulation tanks arranged inside the hull of a ship to transport liquefied natural gas (LNG) with high methane content are already known. Such tanks are, for example, FR-A-2867831. In this known tank, the primary insulating barriers and the secondary insulating barriers are constructed in a modular fashion using parallel parallelepiped wooden cases. These cases are filled with lagging packing made of expanded perlite or aerogel material.

FR-A-2798902 There are other types of LNG tanks are arranged in the hull of the ship is described, in which the first insulation barrier and the secondary heat insulating low-density foam barrier has a density of approximately 33 to 40 kg / m ^3, respectively ( foam consists of a single layer of box structure bonded to plywood spacers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a graph showing the temperature and the thermal conductivity? Of selected materials that can be used in the walls of an LNG tank.
2 is a partial perspective view of a sealed thermal insulation tank wall;
3 is a perspective view of a foam block of the wall of Fig.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a lagging element including the block form of Figure 3;
5 is a perspective view of a box structure for inspecting the wall of Fig.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a set of separate partitions that may be used in an alternative form of the box structure of Figure 5;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the temperature distribution that can be obtained from the tank wall of FIG. 2. FIG.
8 is a view showing a terminal capable of cutting out a tank from a methane tanker vessel so as to expose the inside thereof and loading / unloading it in the tank.

According to one embodiment, the present invention provides a sealed thermal insulation tank arranged in a support structure for containing a fluid, wherein one wall of the tank has at least one sealing barrier and at least one sealing barrier arranged between the sealing barrier and the supporting structure A thermal barrier comprising a first set of lagging elements arranged side by side to form a first layer and a second lagging element set arranged side by side to form a second layer between said first layer and said support structure, Wherein one of the lagging elements of the first layer is essentially a mineral wool, an organic wool, an airgel, or a low density polymer foam, Each of which includes a box structure filled with a heat insulating packing made of a material and each of the lagging elements of the second layer each containing one block of a high density polymer foam.

According to various embodiments, such tanks may have one or more of the following characteristics.

According to one embodiment, the density of the low density polymer foam is less than 50 kg / m < ^{3 &} gt ;. In particular, the low density polymer foam may be selected from the group consisting of polyurethane foam and polyvinyl chloride foam.

According to one embodiment, the density of the high density polymer foam may be higher than 100 kg / m < ³ >. In particular, the high density polymer foam may be selected from the group consisting of polyurethane foam and glass-fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam.

According to one embodiment, the heat insulating packing of the lagging element of the first layer further comprises anti-convection strips, such as paper or synthetic film strips, to reduce convection in the box structure, mineral wall) are combined.

According to one embodiment, one of the lagging elements of the first layer and one of the lagging elements of the second layer are arranged and arranged in the same size in the plane of the tank wall, respectively, and retaining members fixed to the support structure A first layer of lagging elements arranged in the corners of the aligned lagging elements and cooperating with end pieces of lagging elements of the first layer so that the aligned lagging elements of the two layers of insulating barrier are secured to the support structure; Wherein one of the lagging elements of the second layer includes rigid cleats extending in the thickness direction of the high density polymer foam at the corners of the high density polymer foam block in order to respond to the load of the holding members do.

According to one embodiment, the aligned first layer lagging elements and the aligned second layer lagging elements are secured together and form a prefabricated insulating module.

According to one embodiment, the lagging element of the second layer comprises a cover panel of plywood secured to the foam block. In particular, the cover panel may include an inner plate made of pine wood and a shell plate made of birch wood. Birch trees have more mechanical strength than pine trees, while pine trees have better thermal insulation. This combination provides an advantageous compromise between mechanical strength and adiabatic properties.

According to one embodiment, mastic beads arranged along the lower surface of the lagging element of the second layer may be provided on the support structure in order to compensate for any defects in the flatness of the support structure. .

According to one embodiment, the lagging element of the second layer includes a rigid floor panel secured under the foam block, and the mastic beads are secured to the floor panel.

According to one embodiment, the box structure of the lagging element of the first layer comprises a bottom panel, a transverse sheet secured to the bottom panel and projecting perpendicularly from one side of the bottom panel to contour the interior space of the box structure, and a plurality of inner sheets extending between the transverse sheets to divide the inner space into a plurality of compartments in which the lagging packing is located, A cover panel supported and secured at an upper end of the side sheets and the inner partitions in parallel and spaced apart from the bottom panel to close the internal spaces of the box structure, ).

According to one embodiment, the internal partitions of the box structure include a hollow structure of two walls secured together to be spaced apart and parallel to one another by spacer pieces arranged between the two walls do.

According to one embodiment, the wall of the tank comprises, sequentially, a primary sealing membrane for use in contact with a fluid, a primary insulating barrier, a secondary sealing membrane and a secondary insulating barrier, The second layer forms the secondary insulation barrier between the secondary sealing membrane and the support structure. Preferably, the first layer is not as thick as the second layer, which is advantageous when a relatively expensive material is used in the first layer.

According to one embodiment, the primary insulating barrier comprises lagging elements arranged side by side, and the lagging element of the primary insulating barrier essentially comprises a box structure filled with a heat insulating packing consisting of mineral wool or perlite .

According to one embodiment of this case, the ends of the lagging elements of the primary insulating barrier are more or less aligned with the ends of the lagging elements of the secondary insulating barrier, A first insulating barrier and a second insulating layer disposed in the corners and fixing the lagging elements of the primary insulating barrier against the secondary sealing membrane and securing the lagging elements of the secondary insulating barrier against the supporting structure, Cooperates with the end pieces of the lagging elements of the barrier.

According to one embodiment, the or each sealing membrane comprises parallel sheet metal strips, the longitudinal ends of the sheet metal strips projecting toward the interior of the tank, and parallel weld flanges are positioned adjacent Is held on the underlying insulating barrier between the two sheet metal strips each time and protrudes toward the interior of the tank so as to form a sealed weld joint with the longitudinal longitudinal ends.

Such tanks may include on-shore storage facilities, such as forming part of an LNG storage facility, or a floating coast or coastal structure, particularly a methane tanker, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) ), Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units, and the like.

According to one embodiment, a cold liquid product transport vessel includes a double hull and the aforementioned tank arranged inside the double hull.

According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading from a ship as described above, said method being characterized in that it is provided between the flooded or land storage facility and the tank of the ship via insulating pipes Cold liquid products are transported.

According to one embodiment, the present invention also provides a system for transporting a cold liquid product, said system comprising a vessel as described above, a tank installed in the hull of the vessel and heat insulating pipes arranged to connect the floating or land storage facility, And a pump to allow the cold liquid product stream to pass through the insulated pipes between the floating or land storage facility and the tank of the vessel.

One of the underlying ideas of the present invention is to design a tank wall structure that provides favorable properties in terms of insulation, mechanical strength, and cost. Certain aspects of the present invention start with the idea of selecting and locating materials within the tank wall in accordance with the temperature range in which such materials exhibit the best thermal properties in selecting and positioning them within the tank walls. Particularly, the present invention starts from the observation that a part of the wall of the cold fluid tank is relatively cold as it goes toward the inside of the tank in the thickness direction of the wall, and relatively warm as it is located outside the tank. Certain aspects of the present invention start from the notion of designing an insulating barrier structure made of selected materials based on compatibility with cryogenic conditions, lifetime and relatively low cost, especially in the LNG field.

Certain aspects of the present invention are those materials that have relatively low or very low stiffness, typically compressive strengths at ambient temperature of less than 0.9 MPa, but are used in a temperature range of, for example, from about -80 캜 to -110 캜 It begins with the idea of choosing good quality insulation that can fill the box structure to create a medium insulation layer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood in the course of describing certain specific embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting example only with reference to the attached drawings, and the objects, details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will become more apparent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a plot of the thermal conductivity changes of materials selected to be suitable for the construction of an LNG tank according to a temperature in the temperature range of about -162 占 폚 (LNG at atmospheric pressure) to about 20 占 폚. The most suitable materials from the viewpoint of cost and safety during use of the methane tanker are generally made of mineral wool, especially glass wool, low density or high density polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Polymeric foams that may be present, and perlite. Other polymer foams are also observable.

Figure 1 shows the following materials:

91: Perlite - Density 50 kg / m ³

92: Perlite - Density 60 kg / m ³

93: Perlite - Density 55 kg / m ³

94: Glass wool - Density 35 kg / m ³

95: Reinforced PU foam - density 130 kg / m ³ , treated with carbon dioxide.

96: PU foam - Density 45 kg / m ³

97: PVC foam - density 35 kg / m ³

98: glass-fiber-reinforced rigid PU foam - density 130 kg / m ³ , treated with Freon gas.

99: Powder aerogels - Density 80 kg / m ³

For temperatures between -163 ° C and -130 ° C (point A), except for aerogels with the best adiabatic properties over the considered temperature range, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the glass wool 94 is the most Low. Between -130 ° C and -5 ° C (point B), the thermal conductivity characteristics of PVC foam 97 were the lowest. Between -5 [deg.] And 20 [deg.] C, rigid foam 98 provided the lowest thermal conductivity.

As the price of PVC foam is relatively high, it is also possible to exclude only PVC foam from the marked selection materials. Next, the glass wool 94, which appears as the second best selected material among the selected materials for temperatures between -130 ° C and -50 ° C (point C), will be selected. Next, between -50 ° C and -5 ° C, the rigid foam 98, the second best material after the aerogels in this range, would be preferred.

Table 1 is a table showing characteristic values of stiffness along the thickness direction of the foam block for various shapes and densities.

Type of foam Density kg / m ³ Rigidity Z MPa PU 50 0.4 PVC 35 0.35 PVC 60 0.7 to 0.8 PU 130 1.4 PU 110 One PU 90 0.75

Among the above materials, the high density foams 95 and 98 provide structural rigidity that allows them to be used as structural components, regardless of whether or not reinforcing elements with greater stiffness are used. Materials such as mineral wool and aerosols can be used as packing in rigid box structures that provide zero or negligible stiffness but can respond to pressure loads.

There are also organic fibers made of natural fibers such as synthetic fibers or cellulose wadding (cellulose wadding), which have similar properties to mineral wool and can be used under conditions such as mineral wool.

Aerogels are generally the best choice for thermal conductivity if only high cost issues are tolerated. Aerogels are particularly applicable to relatively thin layers.

Hereinafter, referring to Fig. 2, one embodiment of a tank wall structure that provides a favorable compromise between heat insulation, cost, mechanical strength, and ease of installation using the above considerations is described.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a sealed heat insulating wall, partially cut away to show the structure of the wall. Fig. Such a structure can be used on a wide variety of surfaces in various directions, for example, to cover the bottom wall, top wall and side wall of the tank. Therefore, there is no limitation in the direction of Fig.

The tank wall is attached to the wall of the support structure (1). By convention, the closer to the inside of the tank, the "above", and the closer to the support structure (1), the closer to the inside of the tank, regardless of the tank wall relative to the Earth's gravitational field.

The tank wall comprises a secondary insulation barrier (2), a secondary sealing barrier (not shown) held on the upper end (3) of the secondary insulation barrier (2) A primary insulation barrier 4 and a primary sealing barrier (not shown) which is held on the top 5 of the primary insulation barrier 4.

The secondary insulation barrier (2) consists of a plurality of secondary insulation modules (6) arranged in parallel so as to substantially cover the inner surface of the support structure (1). The secondary insulation module consists of two parts: a foam block 10 located at the lower part close to the support structure 1 and a wooden box structure 11 filled at the top with unstructured packing.

The foam block 10 is shown in Fig. The foam block 10 is comprised of a high density polymer foam, in particular a rigid foam 98 having the most favorable thermal properties between -50 캜 and 20 캜. The overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped, with the edges 12 cut so that the fasteners described below can pass between them. Accordingly, the cut portion of the heat insulating block 10 is optimized so as to limit all of the heat insulating shafts existing between the foam blocks. If there is a clearance, it is desirable to have only assembly passages and passages for fixing the members to the corners.

In order to keep the sealing membranes flat, mastic beads (not shown) are placed between the lower surface of the supporting structure 1 and the blocks 10. These mastic beads are, for example, bonded to the lower surface of the blocks 10. They are not attached to the support structure 1 because kraft paper (not shown) is mounted between the support structure 1 and the mastic.

According to one embodiment shown in Figure 4, the foam block 10 is provided with corner posts 27 for limiting the extent to which the foam is crushed and moved in response to a portion of the ongoing compressive load . Optionally, the foam 10 may also be provided with a cover panel 13 and / or a floor panel 14, for example made of plywood.

The floor panel 14 is made of, for example, 9 mm thick plywood. These plates spread compressive forces better, preserving the mastic beads intact and limiting the partial deterioration of the foam. The compressive force applied to the heat insulating material through the mastic beads is due to the stopping pressure and the dynamic pressure of the LNG in the tank. The use of a floor panel 14 that disperses these stresses means that the mastic beads can be relatively freely positioned relative to the ends of the foam blocks 10. [ According to one embodiment, the mastic beads may be wavy beads as disclosed in FR-A1-2931535.

The bottom panel 14 may also be made of a composite material that is resistant to bending and shear. The floor panel 14 and the foam block 10 are assembled via engagement.

The cover panel 13 coupled to the top of the foam block 10 may also be used to distribute the condensing force, if appropriate.

5 shows a block section 11 arranged on top of the secondary insulation module 6, in which a viewable cover panel 18 is not shown here. The box structure 11 includes a cover panel 18 made of, for example, 9 mm plywood, a floor panel 17 also made of 9 mm plywood, an outer sheet 16 made of plywood, and internal partitions 15 for preventing collapse . In Fig. 5, the internal partitions 15 are plywood sheets.

6, the internal partitions 115 are hollow structures that include spacer elements 20 sandwiched between two flat sheets 21. As shown in FIG. This hollow structure provides improved mechanical integrity.

The inner space of the box structure 11 is filled with a heat insulating packing (not shown) made of glass wool or a low-density PVC foam. In the case of a glass wool, it is preferable to incorporate convection-preventing elements in the form of a sheet of paper to which the glass wool is coupled, for example. The box structure 11 with the packing can be entirely assembled.

As can be seen in figure 5, the bottom wall of the box structure 11 is laterally projected past two short sides of the box structure 11, whereby at its projected part, At the corners, fixed cleats 9 cooperating with the members for fixing the box structure 30 are disposed.

For ease of tank wall construction, the secondary insulation module 6 may be provided in the form of a prefabricated element in which the foam block 10 is coupled to the box structure 110. These bonds need to be held together at least as the insulation modules are installed. Also, once installed, this coupling does not need to last any longer because the insulating barriers are mounted in place by the fastening members 30.

2, it can be seen that the fixing members 30 are arranged at the corners of the secondary insulation modules 6 at the ratio of the four fixing members 30 per module 6. [ The fixing member 30 includes a socket 22 which is welded to the support structure 1 at a position corresponding to an empty space in the corners of four adjacent blocks of the foam 10, do. The socket 22 is fastened with a first rod 23 therein. The rod (23) passes between adjacent modules (6). A metal bearer 24 is mounted on the rod 23 to clamp the cleats 9 of the box structure 11 against the support structure 1 by means of a nut . A piece of plywood 25 is mounted on the bearer 24 to act as a spacer piece between the bearer 24 and the upper bearer 26 and to reduce thermal bridging to the support structure. do. The height of this arrangement is set such that the upper bearer 26 has the same height as the cover panels 18 of the box structures 11.

At the corners of the foam block 10, the compressive load applied by the fixing member 30 to the heat insulating module 6 is entirely reacted by the edge posts 27. [

The cover panels 18 of the insulating box structures 11 further comprise a pair of substantially parallel grooves 31 in the form of a substantially inverted T shape for receiving weld flanges in the form of angle brackets. Portions of such weld flanges projecting toward the top of the plates 18 may be used to secure a secondary sealing barrier (not shown). The secondary sealing barrier is approximately 0.7 mm thick and consists of a plurality of Invar straps with raised ends. The raised ends of each strut are welded to the weld flanges described above.

The secondary sealing barriers are fitted with the primary insulating barriers (4) comprising a plurality of primary insulating box structures (33). Each primary insulation box structure 33 consists of a rectangular parallelepiped box made of plywood and is filled with an unstructured, insulating material such as pearlite or glass wool. The primary insulation box structures 33 also include internal partitions, a floor panel and an upper panel 5. The top plate 5 likewise comprises two grooves 35, generally in the form of an inverted T shape, for receiving a welding flange (not shown), in which the weld flange is provided with The ends are welded. The distance between two grooves 31 or 35 of one same box structure 11 or 33 corresponds to the width of the strake. The distance between the grooves and the same box structure and the adjacent ends corresponds to half the width of the strake, so that the strake is provided to extend into both adjacent box structures.

In addition, the bottom wall of the primary insulation box structure 33 is projected on its short sides so that the cleats 34 can rest on the projections of the floor panels to cooperate with the fixing members 30.

Referring to Fig. 7, the temperature range inside the wall of the LNG tank according to the design shown in Fig. 2 was assumed by the following tank size.

- Primary insulation thickness: 230 mm

Secondary insulation thickness: 300 mm, Box structure (11) Thickness: 125 mm, Foam block (10) Thickness: 175 mm.

These insulating barrier thicknesses are advantageous in that they conform to the size according to conventional designs and are thus compatible with various anchoring systems, sealing membranes and dihedral and trihedral sides of the tank .

Line 41 in FIG. 7 represents the secondary sealing barrier and line 42 represents the interface between the box structure 11 and the foam block 10. In this example, it can be seen that the box structure 11 operates at a temperature range of -110 ° C, -80 ° C, in which the thermal properties of the glass wool 94 or the low density PVC foam 97 are optimized. Likewise, the foam block 10 is also generally located in the temperature range [-50 [deg.] C, 5 [deg.] C) where the thermal properties of the high density PU foam 98 are optimized. As a result, the tank has a very good adiabatic habit which limits the natural vaporization (evaporation) of the LNG.

The following is a combination of materials particularly suitable for producing the wall structure shown in Fig.

Packing of box structure (33) Packing of box structure (11) The properties of block 10 Example 1 Glass wool Glass wool High density reinforced PU foam Example 2 Glass wool Low density PVC foam High density reinforced PU foam Example 3 Purite Glass wool High density reinforced PU foam Example 4 Purite Low density PVC foam High density reinforced PU foam Example 5 Purite Aerogels High density reinforced PU foam Example 6 Glass wool Aerogels High density reinforced PU foam

Aerogels are insulating materials that can be packaged in a variety of forms, such as powder, powder-laden synthetic fiber blanket, spherical lumps (beads).

The above-described sealed wall manufacturing technique can be used for various kinds of tanks. For example, it can be used to form the walls of LNG tanks in flooded installations such as LNG tanks in land installations or methane tankers.

Referring to Fig. 5, a cut-away view of the methane tanker vessel 70 shows a generally sealed columnar insulating tank 71 mounted inside the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 has a primary sealing barrier to be in contact with the LNG contained within the tank, a secondary sealing barrier disposed between the primary sealing barrier and the ship's double hull 72, And two insulating barriers disposed between the barrier and the secondary sealing barrier and between the secondary sealing barrier and the double hull 72, respectively.

According to conventional known methods, the loading / unloading pipelines 73 disposed on the upper deck of the vessel can be connected between the tank 71 and the marine or harbor terminal using LNG cargoes using suitable connectors .

Figure 5 shows an example of a marine terminal including a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a land installation 77. [ The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation including a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 that supports the flow angle 74. The flow angle 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can be connected to the loading / unloading pipelines 73. The orientable flow angle 74 may be adapted to suit the size of the methane tanker. A connecting line (not shown) is laid inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station (75) allows the methane tanker (70) to be loaded or unloaded from the land facility (77). The land facility 77 includes liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connection pipes 81 connected to the loading or unloading station 75 by an underwater pipe 76. The underwater pipe 76 allows the liquefied gas to be transported between the loading or unloading station 75 and the land equipment 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, so that during the loading and unloading operation, (70) to be away from the coast.

Pumps in the ship 70 and / or pumps in the land facility 77 and / or pumps in the loading and unloading station 75 are used to generate the pressure required to carry the liquefied gas.

While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

The use of verbs such as "having", "including", "consisting of", and the like, does not exclude the possibility of other elements or steps listed in a claim. The use of an indefinite article " one " in the description of an element or step also does not exclude the possibility that such elements or steps may exist in plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In these claims, the reference signs in parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.

Claims

A sealed thermal insulation tank arranged in a support structure (1) for containing cold fluid,
The wall of the tank comprises a primary sealing membrane for sequentially contacting the fluid, a primary insulating barrier (4), a secondary sealing membrane and a secondary insulation arranged between the secondary sealing membrane and the supporting structure A barrier (2)
The secondary insulation barrier 2 comprises a first set of lagging elements 11 arranged side by side to form a first layer and a second lagging element 11 arranged side by side to form a second layer between the first layer and the support structure. (10), the second layer being thicker than the first layer,
Wherein one of the lagging elements (11) of the first layer comprises a box structure filled with a heat insulating packing, the heat insulating packing consisting essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, organic wool, low density polymer foam and airgel, The density of the low density polymer foam is less than 50 kg / m < ³ &
Wherein one of the lagging elements (10) of the second layer comprises a high density polymer foam block, the high density polymer foam block being a structural component arranged to react to an ongoing compressive load, the density of the high density polymer foam being 100 kg / a sealed heat insulating tank is larger than ³ m.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the low density polymer foam is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane foam and polyvinyl chloride foam.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the high density polymer foam is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane foam and a glass-fiber-reinforced polyurethane foam.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the heat insulating packing of the first layer of lagging element (11) further comprises convective protection strips to engage the mineral wool to reduce convection of the box structure.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
One of the first layer lagging elements (11) and the second layer lagging elements (10) are each arranged and arranged in the same plane in the plane of the tank wall, and a retaining member , 30) are arranged in the corners of the aligned lagging elements and arranged so that aligned lagging elements of the two layers of the insulating barrier are fixed to the support structure (1) and one of the lagging elements of the second layer (10) reacts with the load of the holding members, at the corners of the high density polymer foam block, the high density polymer foam block And a rigid cleat (27) extending in the thickness direction.

6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the aligned first layer lagging elements and the aligned second layer lagging elements are secured together and form a prefabricated thermal insulation module (6).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the lagging element of the second layer comprises a cover panel (13) made of plywood fixed to the foam block, the cover panel comprising an inner plate made of pine and a shell plate made of birch.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Mastic beads arranged along the lower surface of the lagging element 10 of the second layer may be placed on the support structure 1 to compensate for any defects in the flatness of the support structure. A sealed thermal insulation tank disposed.

9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the lagging element of the second layer comprises a rigid floor panel (14) secured under the foam block, the mastic beads being secured to the floor panel.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The box structure of the lagging element of the first layer comprises a floor panel (17), a lateral sheet (17) fixed to the floor panel and projecting perpendicularly from one side of the floor panel to contour the interior space of the box structure , 16), which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the floor panel, for dividing the internal space into a plurality of compartments in which the heat-insulating packing of the first layer's lagging element (11) A plurality of internal partitions (15,115) extending between the sheets and an upper end of the transverse sheets and the internal partitions in order to close the internal space of the box structure, And a cover panel (18) supported and fixed at an arbitrary spacing.

11. The method of claim 10,
The internal partitions of the box structure include an empty structure 115 consisting of two walls 21 which are spaced apart and parallel to one another by spacer pieces 20 arranged between the two walls Lt; / RTI >

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The primary insulation barrier consists of lagging elements (33) arranged side by side and the lagging element of the primary insulation barrier is essentially a sealed thermal insulation tank comprising a box structure filled with a heat insulating packing of mineral wool or perlite .

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The or each sealing membrane includes parallel sheet metal strips, wherein the longitudinal ends of the sheet metal strips are projected toward the interior of the tank, and parallel welding flanges are formed on the adjacent raised Between each of the two sheet metal strips so as to form a sealed weld joint with the longitudinal ends thereof and which is held on the underlying insulating barriers 3 and 5 and which protrudes toward the inside of the tank, Tank.

As a cold liquid product transportation vessel 70,
A ship comprising a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to claim 1 or 2 disposed within said double hull.

A method of using a vessel (70) according to claim 14,
A cold liquid product is transported between the floating or land storage facility 77 and the tank of the vessel 70 via the insulation pipes 73, 79, 76, 81 to be loaded into or unloaded from the vessel How to do it.

As a cold liquid product transportation system,
(73, 79, 76, 81) arranged to connect a tank (71) provided on the hull of the ship to a floating or land storage facility (77), and a cold And a pump to cause a stream of liquid product to be transported through the insulated pipes between the floating or land storage facility and the tank of the vessel.

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