JPH07139690A - Vacuum heat insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep heat insulation performance as a whole body of a heat insulation material even when vacuum is leaked by a flaw such as a pinhole by enclosing a filler inside an enclosing material to form a closed body in a low vacuum condition, and separating the closed body into plural closed chambers. CONSTITUTION:For an enclosing body, that having favorable gas barrier property is used for holding vacuum inside. Filler 3 may be filled inside the enclosing material 1, but in the case of forming a vacuum condition, the filler 3 in it is sucked with gas, so it is desirable to put the filler 3 which is once packaged in an interior material 2 in the enclosing material 1. For the interior material 2, gas-permeable one having a smaller aperture size than the size of the filler 3 is applicable, such as woven fabrics and nonwoven fabrics. A vacuum closed body is formed small by being separated for the purpose of keeping heat insulation performance as the whole body of a heat insulation material even when a defective occurs by a flaw such as a pinhole in one closed body to break vacuum in a chamber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vacuum heat insulating material formed by placing a hollow exterior body filled with powder or fibrous material in a vacuum state and sealing it. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vacuum heat insulation panel covers a filling material such as perlite or white carbon with an exterior body such as stainless steel, aluminum foil or plastic film,
The inside was evacuated to a vacuum. When such a vacuum heat insulating material is used as, for example, a panel, the entire panel is configured as one room as shown in FIG. 1, and when the vacuum leaks due to a scratch such as a pinhole, the entire panel is Insulation performance is lost. There is also a heat insulation panel (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 174637/1985) which is divided into a large number of partition walls for dividing the interior of the vacuum packaging, and the partition walls are also in communication with each other in this heat insulation panel. If even a part of the vacuum leaks, the insulation performance will be lost as well. Further, the above-mentioned panel cannot be cut even when it is necessary to adjust the dimensions, and the panel cannot be fixed by nailing or the like, so that it is considerably limited in use as a building material. .

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating material which can maintain the heat insulating performance of the whole heat insulating material even if the vacuum leaks due to a scratch such as a pinhole.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, in a vacuum heat insulating material comprising a sealing body in a low vacuum state in which a filling material is enclosed in an exterior material, the sealing body is divided into a plurality of sealed chambers. It is a vacuum heat insulating material. The low-vacuum-state sealed body of the present invention is composed of an exterior body and a filler sealed inside the exterior body.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an exterior material, 2 is an interior material, 3
Is a filler and 4 is a heat-sealed portion. For the outer package, use one with good gas barrier properties so that it can hold the internal vacuum.Examples of this include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyamide films. Aluminum foil can be used, but since it is preferable to heat seal around each small room to make multiple small independent vacuum chambers, use a film for the exterior material. Is preferred. At that time, in order to favorably perform heat fusion, a plurality of the above-mentioned films and films having high heat fusion properties may be laminated. Further, in order to enhance the gas barrier property, aluminum vapor deposition or aluminum foil can be laminated on the film surface or the like.

[0006] As the filler to be enclosed in the hollow portion of the outer package, white carbon, silica fume, pearlite,
Inorganic powder such as glass foam and fibrous substances such as glass wool, alumina fiber and silica fiber can be used. The shape of these fillers is not particularly limited, but if they are powders, the average particle size is about 0.005 μm to 20 μm, and if they are fibers, they are about 0.1 μm to 20 μm.
In the case of the closest packing, the diameter of the space between particles and fibers is 20 μm or less, and the thermal conductivity is 0.01 kca in a vacuum of about 1 torr considering the mean free path of air.
It is possible to achieve a heat insulation performance of 1 / m · hr · ° C or less.

The above-mentioned filler may be directly filled in the exterior material, but since the internal filler is sucked together with the gas when a vacuum state is applied, one end of the filler is wrapped with the interior material. It is good to put it in the exterior material. As the interior material, any material having a mesh size smaller than that of the filler and having air permeability may be used, and examples thereof include woven cloth and non-woven cloth.

As the method for manufacturing the sealed body of the present invention, for example, a plurality of fillers contained in the above-mentioned interior material are arranged in a bag-shaped exterior material, and the boundary lines thereof are individually fused by a seal bar or the like. The method of dividing into rooms, or placing a plurality of fillers contained in the interior material on the sheet-shaped exterior material, covering it with the sheet-shaped exterior material, and heat-sealing each edge line and boundary line. There is a method.

In order to obtain a vacuum state, there is a method of leaving a part of the sealing part, inserting a hose-shaped suction device from that part, degassing and then sealing. In the present invention, even if the complete vacuum state is not applied, it is 0.1 to 1 torr.
It may be in a pseudo vacuum state to some extent. Vacuum seals have defects due to scratches such as pinholes on one seal,
Even if the vacuum in the room can no longer be maintained, it is desirable to make it sufficiently small so that the heat insulating performance of the entire heat insulating material can be maintained. Although it is better to increase the number of divided rooms, it is preferable to form 10 or more, more preferably 25 or more sealed rooms.

When the number of divided chambers is large, a material having a higher gas barrier property or a thicker one can prevent the gas barrier property from being lowered due to an increase in the surface area with respect to the volume. Furthermore, if the vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention is combined into a concave shape and a convex shape as shown in FIG. 1 to minimize the portion where the heat bridge occurs,
This is preferable because the heat insulating effective area becomes large.

[0011]

The present invention will be further described based on the following examples.

[0012]

Example 1 White carbon having an average particle size of 2 μm is vertically 4
100 bags each having a width of 4 cm, a width of 4 cm, and a thickness of 2 cm, which were filled in a polyethylene nonwoven fabric, were arranged in 10 rows × 10 rows on a 300 μm-thick film in which polyvinylidene chloride and polyacrylonitrile were laminated. Next, the inside of the bag was evacuated to a vacuum of 0.1 torr using a vacuum pump and a heat-sealing device, and then about 2 mm around each bag was sealed by heat-sealing to obtain a vacuum heat insulating material as shown in FIG. .

The thermal conductivity of the obtained vacuum heat insulating material was measured and found to be 0.007 kcal / mh ° C.
After hitting a nail in the center of this vacuum insulation and pulling out the nail,
When the thermal conductivity was measured again, it was 0.008 kcal / m.
It was h ° C., and there was almost no change in its performance.

[0014]

[Comparative Example 1] White carbon with an average particle diameter of 2 μm is vertically 4
2 cm, 42 cm wide, and 2 cm thick polyethylene non-woven fabric was filled, and laminated with a film of 300 μm in thickness in which polyvinylidene chloride and polyacrylonitrile were laminated. 1 to
After applying a vacuum of rr, about 2 mm around each bag was sealed by heat fusion to obtain a vacuum heat insulating material as shown in FIG.

The thermal conductivity of the obtained vacuum heat insulating material was measured and found to be 0.005 kcal / mh ° C.
After hitting a nail in the center of this vacuum insulation and pulling out the nail,
When the thermal conductivity was measured again, it was 0.042 kcal / m.
It was h ° C.

[0016]

Example 2 White carbon with an average particle size of 2 μm is vertically 4
Fifty bags filled in a polyethylene non-woven fabric having a size of 4 cm, a width of 4 cm, and a thickness of 2 cm were arranged in 10 rows × 5 rows on a film having a thickness of 300 μm in which polyvinylidene chloride and polyacrylonitrile were laminated and adhered. Next, the inside of the bag was evacuated to a vacuum of 0.1 torr using a vacuum pump and a heat fusion device, and then about 2 mm around each bag was sealed by heat fusion. Two pieces of this vacuum heat insulating material were prepared, a vacuum heat insulating material as shown in FIG. 2 was obtained, and combined as shown in FIG.

The thermal conductivity of the obtained vacuum heat insulating material was measured and found to be 0.006 kcal / mh ° C.
After hitting a nail in the center of this vacuum insulation and pulling out the nail,
When the thermal conductivity was measured again, it was 0.007 kcal / m.
It was h ° C., and there was almost no change in its performance.

[0018]

By constructing the vacuum heat insulating material with a large number of small cells, it is possible to cut between the cells, so that the panel size can be easily adjusted. Also, even if the vacuum leaks in one place as a panel, the leak does not reach the other places, so the durability performance is improved, and the vacuum heat insulating material can be fixed with nails or the like by a simple and inexpensive method. become able to. As a result, vacuum insulation materials, which have been used only for some special applications until now, despite their excellent insulation performance, can be used for organic insulation materials such as plastic foam and inorganic materials such as glass wool. It becomes possible to use it for general purpose as well as the heat insulating material of the system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional vacuum heat insulating material.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum heat insulating material according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Exterior material 2. Interior materials 3. Filler 4. Thermal fusion part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum heat insulating material comprising a sealing body in a low vacuum state in which a filling material is enclosed in an exterior material, wherein the sealing body is divided into a plurality of sealed chambers. Insulation