WO2015186345A1

WO2015186345A1 - Vacuum heat insulating body, and heat insulating container and heat insulating wall employing same

Info

Publication number: WO2015186345A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/002773
Authority: WO
Inventors: 平野　俊明; 秀司河原崎; 智章北野; 平井　剛樹
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2014-06-03
Filing date: 2015-06-02
Publication date: 2015-12-10
Also published as: DE212015000150U1; JPWO2015186345A1; US20170096284A1

Abstract

A vacuum heat insulating body is provided with a core member (5), and an outer packaging member for vacuum sealing of the core member (5). The core member (5) has a first heat insulating core member (11) and a second heat insulating core member (12) that are air permeable. Furthermore, the first heat insulating core member (11) has a greater air resistance than the second heat insulating core member (12). The first heat insulating core member (11) is configured from an interconnected-cell resin, whereas the second heat insulating core member (12) is configured from a fiber material or powder material having smaller air resistance than the interconnected-cell resin.

Description

Vacuum insulator, and heat insulating container and heat insulating wall using the same

The present invention relates to a vacuum heat insulating body, and a heat insulating container and a heat insulating wall using the same.

In recent years, from the viewpoint of preventing global warming, improvement of energy saving has been strongly desired, and it has become an urgent issue for household appliances. In particular, in a heat and cold insulation device such as a refrigerator, a freezer, and a vending machine, a heat insulating material having excellent heat insulating performance is required from the viewpoint of efficiently using heat.

As a general heat insulating material, a material selected from fiber materials such as glass wool and foams such as urethane foam is used. In order to improve the heat insulation performance of these heat insulating materials, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the heat insulating material, but when there is a limit to the space to be filled with the heat insulating material, for example, space saving or effective use of the space If it is necessary, it cannot be applied.

Therefore, vacuum heat insulating materials have been proposed as high performance heat insulating materials. This is a heat insulator in which a core material serving as a spacer is inserted into an outer packaging material having gas barrier properties, and the inside is decompressed and sealed.

This vacuum heat insulating material has a heat insulating performance approximately 20 times that of urethane foam, and has an excellent characteristic that a sufficient heat insulating performance can be obtained even if the thickness is reduced.

Therefore, this vacuum heat insulating material is attracting attention as an effective means for improving the energy saving performance by improving the heat insulating performance while satisfying the customer demand for increasing the inner volume of the heat insulating box.

For example, in a refrigerator, urethane foam is foam-filled in a heat insulating space between the inner and outer boxes in a heat insulating box constituting the refrigerator main body. And the vacuum heat insulating material is additionally installed in the space for heat insulation, the heat insulation is improved, and the internal volume of the heat insulation box is enlarged.

However, when used for a refrigerator or the like, the heat insulating space of the heat insulating box generally has a complicated shape. For this reason, there is a limit to improving the area that the vacuum heat insulating material can cover, in other words, the ratio of the area of the vacuum heat insulating material to the total heat transfer area of the heat insulating box.

So, for example, from the air inlet for blow molding of the heat insulation box, the insulation space of the heat insulation box is filled with open cell urethane and foamed, and then the inside of the heat insulation box is made by a vacuum exhaust device connected to the air inlet. A technique has been proposed in which the heat insulating box body itself is made into a vacuum heat insulating material (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In addition, as in the case of Patent Document 1, the applicant also filled and foamed open-cell urethane in the heat insulation space of the heat insulation box serving as the refrigerator body, and made the heat insulation box itself a vacuum heat insulating material. Has proposed. In addition, a technology that further improves the heat insulation by increasing the open cell rate by forming closed cells that remain in the skin layer near the inner surface of the box, which occurs when the open space urethane is filled and foamed into the space for heat insulation. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

A heat insulating box body configured by vacuum-sealing the open cell urethane foam filled and foamed in the heat insulating space described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, in other words, the vacuum heat insulator is an open cell urethane foam. The higher the porosity, the greater the internal surface area of the open cell urethane foam. Since heat from the outside is transmitted along the surface of the open-cell urethane foam, the heat insulating property is improved by increasing the surface area.

In addition, if the open cells are aligned and formed in the moving direction of heat, the heat insulation is not improved. However, since the bubbles are formed randomly by foaming, there is almost no possibility that the bubbles are aligned in the direction of heat transfer, and the heat insulation improves as the internal surface area increases. Therefore, according to the vacuum heat insulating body technique described in Patent Document 2, since the closed cells remaining in the skin layer near the inner surface of the box can be made into open cells and the surface area thereof can be increased, the heat insulating property is improved.

As described above, the vacuum heat insulator configured by vacuum-sealing open-cell urethane described in Patent Document 2, even if its external shape is complicated like a heat insulation box, The entire area can be vacuum insulated. Therefore, for example, by using it for a refrigerator, the thickness of the heat insulation box itself can be reduced, and the internal volume (storage space) can be further increased.

In addition, there is no complicated shape, but there is a strong expectation of heat insulation, for example, an LNG storage tank for storing ultra-low temperature substances such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), or an LNG transport tanker tank or the like. By applying to the panel, it is possible to effectively suppress the intrusion of heat into the heat insulating container while reducing the wall thickness of the heat insulating container. Therefore, if it is an LNG tank, generation | occurrence | production of boil-off gas (BOG) can be reduced effectively and it becomes possible to reduce the natural vaporization rate (boil-off rate, BOR) of LNG.

However, the above-mentioned vacuum heat insulating material configured by vacuum-sealing open-cell urethane has a very small open-cell pore size of 30 to 200 μm, and it takes time for evacuation, resulting in low productivity and high cost. There is a problem of becoming.

JP-A-9-119771 Japanese Patent No. 5310928

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a vacuum heat insulating body with improved evacuation efficiency and increased productivity, and a heat insulating container and a heat insulating wall using the same. is there.

The vacuum heat insulator of the present invention includes a core material and an outer packaging material for vacuum-sealing the core material. And the core material has the 1st heat insulation core material and 2nd heat insulation core material which have air permeability. The first heat insulating core material has a larger ventilation resistance than the second heat insulating core material.

Further, the heat insulating container of the present invention can be used as a heat insulating container that holds a substance that is 100 ° C. lower than normal temperature, and the heat insulating container includes the above-described vacuum heat insulating body. And the vacuum heat insulating body is comprised so that the heat insulation core material with low heat conductivity may be arrange | positioned among the 1st heat insulation core material and the said 2nd heat insulation core material at the low temperature side of a heat insulation container.

Moreover, the heat insulating wall of the present invention can be used as a heat insulating wall used in an environment of 0 ° C. or lower, and the heat insulating wall includes the above-described vacuum heat insulating body. And the vacuum heat insulating body is comprised so that the heat insulation core material with low heat conductivity may be arrange | positioned among the 1st heat insulation core material and the 2nd heat insulation core material on the low temperature side of a heat insulation wall.

Thereby, when evacuating the inside of the heat insulating body, the first heat insulating core material having a large airflow resistance, for example, the open cell resin such as open cell urethane, is used as the second heat insulating core material having a low airflow resistance, such as glass wool or rock wool. The presence of such a fiber material can reduce the thickness. As a result, the passage made of open cells is shortened as the thickness is reduced, the ventilation resistance is reduced, the evacuation time is shortened, and the productivity can be improved.

Also, the gas itself that gradually emerges from the inside of the open cell resin can be reduced by shortening the open cell passage, which is shortened by the thickness of the first heat insulation core material having a large ventilation resistance. At the same time, the gas can be dispersed throughout the passage composed of continuous bubbles, so that deformation due to a local pressure increase can also be suppressed. And the fall of heat insulation can also be suppressed by reducing the quantity of the gas emitted from the 1st heat insulation core material with large ventilation resistance.

Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vacuum heat insulating body with improved evacuation efficiency and increased productivity, and a heat insulating container and a heat insulating wall using the same.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a vacuum heat insulating box of a refrigerator using the vacuum heat insulating body according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a part of the wall surface of the vacuum heat insulation box in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the vacuuming performance of open-cell urethane in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the vacuuming performance of the vacuum heat insulator in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a structure example of a vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a structure example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating a structure example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5D is a diagram showing a structure example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5E is a diagram showing a structure example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an example of a manufacturing method of a vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an example of a manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a membrane-type LNG transport tanker including an inboard tank using a vacuum heat insulator in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a two-layer structure of the inner surface of the inboard tank of the LNG transport tanker in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a vacuum heat insulator used for a heat insulating structure of an inboard tank of an LNG transport tanker in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a cross-sectional configuration of a laminated sheet that is an outer packaging material of a vacuum heat insulator in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11: is sectional drawing seen from the side which shows the structure of the refrigerator using the vacuum heat insulating body in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerator door in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a vacuum heat insulator of a comparative example in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a vacuum heat insulator of a comparative example in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the first example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the first example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the second example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the second example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17: is sectional drawing which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of the open-cell urethane foam of the comparative example in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 18: is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the vacuum heat insulating body of the 1st example in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 19: is sectional drawing which shows another example of a structure of the vacuum heat insulating body of the 1st example in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating body of the first example in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulator of the first example according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating body of the first example in the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulation box in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is a diagram comparing the internal pressures of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 is a diagram comparing the thermal conductivity of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a diagram comparing the internal pressures of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 is a diagram comparing the thermal conductivity due to the difference in the thickness of inclusions in the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 is a diagram comparing the internal pressure due to the difference in the diameters of the through holes of the inclusions in the third example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a diagram comparing internal pressures due to differences in pitches of through-holes of inclusions in the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a diagram comparing the thermal conductivities due to the difference in the diameters of the exhaust holes in the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 31 is a diagram comparing the compression strength due to the difference in pitch when a plurality of exhaust holes are provided in the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

(First embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. This Embodiment demonstrates as an example the case where the heat insulation box body itself of the refrigerator 1 was comprised with the vacuum heat insulating body. However, this is merely an example, and the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating body of the present embodiment can be used for the door portion.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a vacuum heat insulation box 7 of the refrigerator 1 using the vacuum heat insulator in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a part of the wall surface of the vacuum heat insulation box 7. It is sectional drawing which shows this structure.

[Composition of refrigerator]
First, the structure of the refrigerator 1 of this Embodiment is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerator 1 according to the present embodiment includes an outer box 2 made of metal (for example, iron) and an inner box 3 made of hard resin (for example, ABS resin). And after filling the space 5 for heat insulation between the outer box 2 and the inner box 3 with the core material 5 and the gas adsorbing material 6, it vacuum-seals, and the heat insulation box body (henceforth, vacuum) used as a refrigerator main body. (Referred to as a heat insulation box). Here, “vacuum sealing” includes a state in which the pressure in the space for heat insulation is lower than atmospheric pressure.

The internal space of the vacuum heat insulation box 7 is partitioned by a partition plate 8 into an upper refrigerator compartment 9 and a lower freezer compartment 10. The refrigerator compartment 9 and the freezer compartment 10 are each provided with a door (not shown). These doors are also configured by vacuum-sealing after the core material 5 and the gas adsorbing material 6 are loaded in the space for heat insulation similarly to the vacuum heat insulating box described above.

Also, the refrigerator 1 is equipped with components (compressor, evaporator, condenser, etc.) according to the cooling principle. The internal space of the vacuum heat insulation box 7 is not limited to an example in which the internal space is divided into two compartments, a refrigeration room 9 and a freezing room 10. For example, a plurality of storage rooms (refrigerating room, freezing room, ice making machine) having different uses are used. Room, vegetable room, etc.).

[Configuration of vacuum insulation]
Next, the structure of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 configured by vacuum sealing, that is, the vacuum heat insulating body will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the core material 5 is vacuum-sealed in the heat insulating space 4 in the outer box 2 and the inner box 3 that serve as the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 as described above. The vacuum-sealed core material 5 is composed of two layers of a first heat-insulating core material 11 and a second heat-insulating core material 12 having air permeability. Here, one first heat insulating core member 11 has a larger airflow resistance than the second heat insulating core member 12, and the other second heat insulating core member 12 has a larger airflow resistance than that of the first heat insulating core member 11. Is also small. For example, in the present embodiment, an open-cell resin is used as one first heat insulating core material 11 and a fiber material is used as the other second heat insulating core material 12.

The open-cell resin, which is an example of the first heat insulating core material 11 having relatively high ventilation resistance, is described in detail in Patent Document 2 of the present applicant, which is exemplified as a prior document. Therefore, although detailed description is abbreviate | omitted using the description, when it describes simply, it is as follows.

That is, the open cell resin is constituted by an open cell urethane foam formed by, for example, a copolymerization reaction, which is filled in the heat insulating space 4 between the outer box 2 and the inner box 3 by integral foaming. A large number of bubbles existing in the core layer at the center of the heat insulating space 4 communicate with each other through the first through holes. Furthermore, the air bubbles existing in the skin layer in the vicinity of the interface between the outer box 2 and the inner box 3 in the heat insulating space 4 communicate with each other through the second through-hole formed by powder having low affinity with the urethane resin. Yes. As described above, the open cell resin of the present embodiment is an open cell resin in which the bubbles in all regions communicate with each other through the first through hole and the second through hole from the core layer to the skin layer.

The open cell resin constituting the first heat insulating core 11 supports the outer box 2 and the inner box 3 while keeping the shape of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 while insulating between the outer box 2 and the inner box 3. It has a function to do. That is, the 1st heat insulation core material 11 has contributed to the improvement of physical properties, such as the intensity | strength and rigidity of a vacuum heat insulating body. However, the shape retention strength of the first heat insulating core 11 decreases as the porosity increases. On the other hand, as the porosity of the first heat insulating core 11 increases, the heat insulating property of the open cell resin improves. Therefore, the porosity of the open cell resin may be determined in consideration of heat insulation and mechanical strength. In the present embodiment, the porosity is 95% or more.

Also, the smaller the size of the bubbles, the greater the surface area inside the open cell resin, so the heat insulation is improved. That is, the smaller the size of the bubbles, the better the heat insulation of the open cell resin. Therefore, in view of the balance between ensuring the strength and improving the heat insulation, in the present embodiment, the bubble size is set to 30 μm to 200 μm.

Further, the second heat insulating core material 12 having a relatively small ventilation resistance is made of a fiber material. In particular, an inorganic fiber material is employed as the second heat insulating core material 12 in terms of heat insulating performance and the like. Specifically, for example, glass wool fiber, ceramic fiber, slag wool fiber, rock wool fiber, etc. are selected, and in this embodiment, glass wool having an average fiber diameter in the range of 4 μm to 10 μm. Fibers (glass fibers having a relatively large fiber diameter) are further fired and used.

Furthermore, the fiber material constituting the second heat insulation core material 12 is enclosed in a breathable bag material (not shown), and is configured to conform to the shape of the heat insulation space 4. This can be effectively achieved by mixing a binder material into the fiber material, but even in that case, the fiber material is configured to occupy a ratio of at least 5% to 90%.

In the vacuum heat insulation box 7 configured as described above, the first heat insulation core member 11 faces the inner space side serving as the storage chamber of the vacuum heat insulation box member 7 and the second heat insulation core member 12 faces the outside. Are arranged respectively.

[Method of manufacturing vacuum insulation box]
The vacuum heat insulating box 7 should be a vacuum heat insulating body in which a two-layer core material of a first heat insulating core material 11 made of open-cell resin and a second heat insulating core material 12 made of a fiber material is vacuum-sealed. . The manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 is first provided with a wrapping material in which a fiber core material is placed in the space 4 for heat insulation, and is provided at several places in the outer box 2 or the inner box 3. The urethane liquid is injected from the urethane liquid inlet 13 (see FIG. 1). After that, vacuuming is performed from the urethane liquid inlet 13 or the entire vacuum heat insulating box 7 is put in a vacuum chamber and vacuumed, and the vacuum inlet portion such as the urethane liquid inlet 13 is hermetically sealed. It is manufactured by. In order to smoothly exhaust the air in the heat insulation space 4 during the urethane injection, the air vent holes 14 are dispersedly arranged at appropriate positions in at least one of the outer box 2 and the inner box 3, and the urethane liquid injection port Similarly to 13, after being evacuated, it is hermetically sealed.

The manufacturing method of this vacuum heat insulation box 7 uses the method similar to the method described in the above-mentioned patent document 2, Furthermore, before the urethane injection | pouring of this method, the 2nd heat insulation core material 12 is used for heat insulation. A process of loading the space 4 is added. Here, the vacuum sealing or the like of the heat insulating space 4 may be performed in a vacuum chamber, and the details of the description of Patent Document 2 are used for details, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.

[Effects of vacuum insulation]
Next, the effect of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 configured as described above, that is, the vacuum heat insulating body will be described.

The vacuum heat insulation box 7 has a two-layer structure in which a core material vacuum-sealed in the heat insulation space 4 is composed of a first heat insulation core material 11 made of an open cell resin and a second heat insulation core material 12 made of a fiber material. It is said. Thereby, compared with the case where it consists of the conventional open cell resin single layer, the heat insulation performance can be made high.

For example, according to the experiment, when comparing the heat transfer coefficient λ of the comparison product of only the open-cell urethane core material and the actual product of the fiber material and the two-layer core material of the open-cell urethane foam integrally foamed, the comparison The thermal conductivity λ of the product was 0.007 W / mK, whereas the thermal conductivity λ of the product was 0.004 W / mK. This is a result of adding the heat insulating effect of the second heat insulating core material 12 made of the fiber material to the heat insulating effect of the open cell urethane.

The above experimental results show that a rectangular parallelepiped core material having a size of 198 × 130 × thickness 30 mm is produced in an ABS resin sealed container at an internal pressure of 10 Pa, and a temperature difference in the thickness direction is 38 ° C./10° C. It is the result of measuring thermal conductivity.

On the other hand, the open cell resin constituting the first heat insulating core 11 has small bubbles of 30 μm to 200 μm in the present embodiment. For this reason, when the inside of the heat insulation space 4 is evacuated, the ventilation resistance (exhaust resistance) of the open cell resin increases, and it may take a long time to decompress the internal space of the open cell resin. is there.

However, in the vacuum heat insulating box 7 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating space 4 is loaded with the second heat insulating core material 12 made of fiber material together with the first heat insulating core material 11 made of open cell resin. Yes. Thereby, the thickness of the 1st heat insulation core material 11 can be made thin by the thickness of the 2nd heat insulation core material 12. FIG. As a result, as the thickness is reduced, the open cell passage of the open cell resin constituting the first heat insulating core material 11 is shortened, the ventilation resistance is reduced, the evacuation time is shortened, and the productivity is improved. be able to.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the vacuuming performance of open-cell urethane in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Here, an internal pressure change A in the case of an open-cell urethane having a thickness of 30 mm and an internal pressure change B of an open-cell urethane having a thickness halved to 15 mm are shown. Here, the time required to reach the same internal pressure, for example, 200 Pa, was “C” in the case of the open-cell urethane A having a thickness of 30 mm, but “ It can be seen that the “D” is shortened.

In addition, the vacuum heat insulation box 7 of the present embodiment has been improved from the inside of the open cell resin due to the reduced thickness of the open cell resin core material of the open cell resin having a large ventilation resistance and the shortening of the open cell passage. The gas that gradually emerges can be reduced, and the gas can be dispersed throughout the passage composed of open bubbles. As a result, a decrease in the heat insulation performance can be suppressed by the amount of gas, and deformation due to a local pressure increase can be suppressed by the amount of gas dispersed.

Moreover, the glass wool, rock wool, or the like constituting the second heat insulating core 12 of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 has a low thermal conductivity and good heat insulating properties. For this reason, even if the thickness of the 1st heat insulation core material 11 is made thin, the heat insulation of the vacuum heat insulation box 7 can be made excellent. Further, as described above, the vacuum heat insulating box 7 can reduce the amount of gas coming out of the heat insulating core material such as open cell resin having a large ventilation resistance, and thus can suppress a decrease in heat insulating property. it can.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the vacuuming performance of the vacuum heat insulator in the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the comparison (2) in which the core material is only open-cell urethane foam, and the core material is a two-layer structure of a fiber material and integrally-opened open-cell urethane foam. The thickness of the product (2) is made the same, and for example, evacuation is performed in a vacuum chamber for 30 minutes, and the internal pressure is measured after 10 days. As a result, the comparative product (2) rises to 450 Pa, but in the case of the present product (2), it becomes 250 Pa, and the effect of suppressing the increase in internal pressure and the deterioration of the heat insulation performance is seen. This is presumed to be because the thickness of the open-cell urethane foam is reduced by the amount of the fiber material in this embodiment product (2), and the amount of gas released from the open-cell urethane foam is reduced accordingly.

The experimental results in this case were as follows: a rectangular parallelepiped core material having a size of 198 × 130 × thickness 30 mm was evacuated with a mechanical booster pump for 30 minutes in a sealed container composed of a liquid crystal polymer and an aluminum foil laminate film. It is the result of having performed the pressure measurement for every elapsed days with the spinning rotor gauge about the experimental product obtained by heat-welding the film.

As described above, the vacuum heat insulating box 7 of the present embodiment has a two-layer structure of the first heat insulating core material 11 made of open cell resin and the second heat insulating core material 12 made of fiber material. , Its heat insulation can be enhanced. And the vacuum evacuation time of the 1st heat insulation core material 11 can be shortened and productivity can be improved, without impairing the heat insulation performance.

The vacuum heat insulation box 7 has one of the heat insulating cores made of an open cell resin, and the other heat insulating core is a fiber having a smaller ventilation resistance than the heat insulating core made of open cell resin. Consists of materials. Thus, as described above, the open cell resin may be poured in the state where the fiber material is put in the heat insulation space 4, and the foamed material may be integrally foamed and evacuated, thereby greatly improving the productivity and reducing the production cost. The product can be provided at low cost.

In addition, by making the fiber material constituting the second heat insulating core material 12 sealed in a bag material having good air permeability, the flexible and easily deformable fiber material can be easily converted into a space for heat insulation. 4 can be loaded. Thereby, productivity can further be improved and cost reduction can be aimed at. Moreover, even if the shape of the vacuum heat insulation box 7 is complicated, since it can be arranged along this shape, it can also cope with a heat insulation structure having a complicated shape.

In the present embodiment, the gas adsorbing material 6 is vacuum-sealed together with the core material 5 in the vacuum heat insulating box 7. Thereby, the gas which is contained in the open cell resin to be the first heat insulating core material 11 and is gradually released, and the gas remaining in the second heat insulating core material 12 are adsorbed to the gas adsorbing material 6. Can be made. As a result, it is possible to reliably suppress an increase in internal pressure due to gas, prevent deformation of the vacuum heat insulation box 7, and at the same time maintain its heat insulation well. In particular, in the present embodiment, the gas adsorbing material 6 is disposed on the open cell resin side constituting the first heat insulating core material 11 (see FIG. 2). With this configuration, the gas released from the open cell resin over time can be efficiently adsorbed via the open cell passage, and it is possible to efficiently prevent the increase in internal pressure and suppress the decrease in heat insulation and maintain high heat insulation performance. Can be made.

As described above, the gas adsorbent 6 plays a role of adsorbing a mixed gas such as water vapor and air that remains or enters the sealed space such as the heat insulating space 4 and is limited to a specific one. Is not to be done. For example, a chemical adsorption material such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide, a physical adsorption material such as zeolite, or a mixture thereof can be used. Further, ZSM-5 type zeolite exchanged with copper ions and having adsorption performance having both chemical adsorption properties and physical adsorption properties and a large adsorption capacity can also be used.

In the present embodiment, the above-described gas adsorbent 6 containing ZSM-5 type zeolite subjected to copper ion exchange is used. As a result, the ZSM-5 type zeolite that has undergone copper ion exchange has a high adsorption performance and a large adsorption capacity, even if an open-cell resin, which tends to keep releasing gas with time, is used as the core material. The gas adsorption can be reliably continued over a long period of time, and the increase in the internal pressure of the vacuum heat insulation box 7 and the suppression of the decrease in the heat insulation can be reliably performed over a long period.

Furthermore, as the fiber material constituting the second heat insulating core material 12, an inorganic fiber material such as glass wool or rock wool is used. As a result, the amount of water generated can be kept low and the heat insulation can be maintained well. That is, since the inorganic fiber itself has a low water absorption (hygroscopic property), the moisture content inside the vacuum heat insulating box 7 can be kept low. Thereby, it can suppress that the adsorption | suction capability of the gas adsorbent 6 reduces by moisture adsorption, and can make the gas adsorbent 6 exhibit a favorable gas adsorption function, and can make the heat insulation performance favorable.

Further, since the inorganic fibers are baked, even if the vacuum heat insulation box 7 is damaged due to some influence, the fiber material does not swell greatly, and the shape as the vacuum heat insulation box 7 is maintained. can do. For example, when the inorganic fibers are sealed without firing, the swelling at the time of breakage of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 can be 2 to 3 times that before the breakage, depending on various conditions. On the other hand, by firing the inorganic fiber, the expansion at the time of breakage can be suppressed to within 1.5 times, the expansion at the time of breakage can be effectively suppressed, and the dimension retention can be enhanced.

The vacuum heat insulation box 7 configured as described above is arranged so that the first heat insulation core 11 faces the internal space of the vacuum heat insulation box 7, that is, the internal space side serving as a storage chamber. Thereby, the vacuum heat insulation box 7 can be insulated more efficiently, and the heat insulation can be made high. The open-cell urethane foam constituting the vacuum-insulated first heat insulating core 11 has a lower thermal conductivity λ than the glass wool or rock wool or the like constituting the vacuum-insulated second heat-insulating core 12. Therefore, by adopting the arrangement configuration as described above, first, the first heat insulating core material 11 having a low thermal conductivity λ strongly insulates the low temperature from the internal space, and the second heat insulating core material 12 positioned outside thereof is The heat insulation is performed in the low temperature region where the temperature is relatively high after the first heat insulation core material 11 having a low thermal conductivity λ. Thereby, even if it is the 2nd heat insulation core material 12 whose heat conductivity (lambda) is a little high, it can insulate strongly and can carry out the thermal insulation of the vacuum heat insulation box efficiently, utilizing each heat insulation characteristic. Can do.

[Structure example and manufacturing method of vacuum insulation]
FIG. 5A to FIG. 5E are diagrams showing an example of the structure of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Here, the arrangement | positioning form of the 1st heat insulation core material 11 and the 2nd heat insulation core material 12 is shown. In FIG. 5A, one surface, for example, the lower surface (which may be the upper surface) of the vacuum heat insulating body is a first heat insulating core material 11 made of open cell resin. The second heat insulating core material 12 is disposed on the other surface. FIG. 5B shows the second heat insulating core material 12 made of a fiber core material sandwiched by the first heat insulating core material 11 made of an open cell resin. FIG. 5C shows the first heat insulating core 11 made of open-cell resin arranged on the outer periphery so as to surround the outer periphery of the second heat insulating core 12 made of the fiber core. Moreover, FIG. 5D divides | segments the 1st heat insulation core material 11 which consists of open-cell resin finely, and has arrange | positioned the 2nd heat insulation core material 12 which consists of a fiber core material among these. FIG. 5E shows a case where a second heat insulating core 12 made of a fiber core material is disposed at a corner portion of the first heat insulating core 11 made of an open cell resin.

According to the configuration of FIG. 5A, by evacuating the heat insulating box in the vacuum chamber, by installing a core material having a relatively low ventilation resistance so as to reduce the thickness of the core material having a relatively high ventilation resistance. The overall ventilation resistance can be reduced.

5B, as in the configuration of FIG. 5A, a core material having a relatively low airflow resistance is installed so as to reduce the thickness of the core material having a relatively high airflow resistance. Can be reduced.

5A and 5B described above, the first heat insulating core material 11 made of open-cell resin is disposed in the vicinity of the inner surface of the vacuum heat insulating box 7, and the second heat insulating core made of a fiber core material is provided on the outer side. The material 12 is provided. Then, in addition to the effect of reducing the airflow resistance, the first heat insulating core 11 made of open cell resin is formed into the free unevenness even if the inner surface of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 is not flat but has free unevenness. Can be formed along. For this reason, there exists an effect that the vacuum heat insulation box which suppressed the heat leak by the clearance gap between a core material and a box can be obtained.

FIG. 5C is similar to the above-described example, in addition to the effect of reducing the overall ventilation resistance, even if any of the six surfaces of the vacuum heat insulating box is not flat and has free irregularities, The 1st heat insulation core material 11 which becomes can be formed along the free unevenness | corrugation. For this reason, there exists an effect that the vacuum heat insulation box 7 which suppressed the heat leak by the clearance gap between a core material and a box can be obtained.

Further, according to the configuration of FIG. 5D, the first heat insulating core material 11 is subdivided, the passage made of open cells can be further shortened, and the evacuation time can be shortened.

Moreover, according to the structure of FIG. 5E, there exists an advantage that the heat insulation of a corner part can be made favorable by arrange | positioning the 2nd heat insulation core material 12 in the corner part which is hard to be filled with open cell resin. .

Note that the configuration of FIG. 5E may be realized in combination with any of the examples of FIGS. 5A to 5D described above.

Next, FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are diagrams showing an example of the manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulating body in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A shows a manufacturing method in which the exhaust pipe 15 is connected to the housing of the vacuum heat insulating box 7 which is an outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating body, and vacuuming is performed as described above. 6B shows that a part of the housing of the vacuum heat insulation box 7, for example, the upper surface is opened, is put in the vacuum chamber 16 and evacuated, and then a sealing plate is welded or bonded to the opening of the container. The manufacturing method which carries out vacuum sealing by equalizing is shown.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the vacuum heat insulator is used for a heat insulating structure of an LNG inboard tank in an LNG transport tanker.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a membrane-type LNG transport tanker including an inboard tank using a vacuum heat insulator in the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a two-layer structure of the inner surface of the inboard tank of the LNG transport tanker, showing a schematic perspective view and a partially enlarged sectional view thereof. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a vacuum heat insulator used for the heat insulation structure of the inboard tank.

FIG. 7 shows a heat insulating container 21 constituted by the hull itself. Inside the container serving as the tank, a double heat insulation structure called primary heat insulation and secondary heat insulation is adopted.

8 and 9, the heat insulating container 21 includes a container outer tank 22 and a container inner tank 24 provided inside the container outer tank 22 via an intermediate tank 23. Both the inner tank 24 and the intermediate tank 23 are made of a stainless steel membrane or invar (nickel steel containing 36% nickel), and are resistant to heat shrinkage.

A first heat insulation box 25, which is a heat insulation structure disposed between the container inner tank 24 and the intermediate tank 23, has a wooden box frame body 26 such as a plywood plate having an open surface, and a box frame body 26. It is comprised with the powder heat insulating materials 27, such as the filled pearlite. In addition, as the powder heat insulating material 27, you may comprise glass wool etc. instead of pearlite, and in this Embodiment, pearlite is used as a powder heat insulating material and demonstrated.

Similar to the first heat insulation box 25, the second heat insulation box 28 arranged between the intermediate tank 23 and the container outer tank 22 is vacuum insulated on the bottom surface of the wooden box frame body 26 whose one surface is opened. A body 29 is laid, and a powder heat insulating material 27 such as pearlite similar to the first heat insulating box 25 is filled in the opening side portion.

Further, in the present embodiment, the second heat insulating box 28 is arranged so that the vacuum heat insulating body 29 faces the outside, that is, the container outer tub 22 side.

FIG. 9 shows the vacuum insulator 29. The vacuum heat insulating body 29 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the outer packaging material corresponding to the vacuum heat insulating box 7 has a simple flat plate shape and is stainless steel or equivalent to this. A pair of concave

thin metal plates

30 and 30 having a small ionization tendency and high corrosion resistance are fitted together, their periphery is welded, and the inside is vacuum-sealed.

The vacuum heat insulating body 29 of the second embodiment also has the same effect as the vacuum heat insulating box 7 described in the first embodiment. Although the description of the overlapping effect is omitted, when the vacuum heat insulating body 29 is used as a heat insulating material for the LNG inboard tank, the metal thin plate 30 serving as an outer packaging material for vacuum-sealing the core material 5 is a conventional, Compared to a laminated sheet outer packaging material having an aluminum vapor deposition layer, its corrosion resistance is remarkably high. Thereby, even if exposed to seawater, for example, there is an advantage that it can be prevented from being broken and broken or damaged, and its reliability can be increased.

Moreover, since the core material 5 has a two-layer structure of the first heat insulating core material 11 made of open-cell resin and the second heat insulating core material 12 made of fiber material such as glass wool, the heat insulating performance is high. ing. Therefore, the amount of the powder heat insulating material 27 in the second heat insulating box 28 using the vacuum heat insulating body 29 can be reduced and the thickness of the second heat insulating box 28 itself can be reduced. The capacity can be increased.

Furthermore, the vacuum heat insulating body 29 used as a heat insulating material for the LNG inboard tank is similar to the first embodiment in that the first heat insulating core 11 is made of an internal space of the container inner tank 24, that is, a substance such as LNG. It is arranged to be on the side facing the stored internal space. Thereby, the heat insulation container 21 can be insulated more efficiently and the heat insulation can be made high. That is, by setting it as such a structure, as above-mentioned, first, the 1st heat insulation core material 11 with low heat conductivity (lambda) strongly insulates the low temperature from internal space, and the 2nd heat insulation core located in the outer side After the material 12 is strongly insulated by the first heat insulating core material 11 having a low thermal conductivity λ, the material 12 is insulated in a low temperature region where the temperature is relatively high. Thereby, even if it is the 2nd heat insulation core material 12 whose heat conductivity (lambda) is a little high, it can insulate strongly, and each cryogenic substance in a container is thermally insulated and preserve | saved efficiently using each heat insulation characteristic. Can do. In particular, in the example of the present embodiment, the temperature of a substance such as LNG stored in the heat insulating container 21 is an extremely low temperature of −162 ° C., which is effective.

Furthermore, since the ZSM-5 type zeolite used as the gas adsorbent 6 has a chemical adsorption action, the adsorbed gas is not easily separated. Thereby, the vacuum degree inside the vacuum heat insulating body 29 can be kept favorable. Thus, when handling flammable fuel such as LNG, even if the gas adsorbent adsorbs the flammable gas due to some influence, the gas is not re-released due to the influence of the subsequent temperature rise or the like. The explosion-proof property of the vacuum heat insulating body 29 can be improved and the safety can be improved.

(Other variations)
As described above, the aspects shown in the first embodiment and the second embodiment provide a high-quality vacuum heat insulator that is inexpensive and has high heat insulation performance. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various modifications can be made within the scope of achieving the object of the present invention.

For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the vacuum heat insulating box 7 of the refrigerator 1 and the vacuum heat insulating body 29 of the heat insulating container 21 for the LNG hull tank have been described as examples. The structure and shape of the structure are not limited to these. That is, the heat insulating structure may be used as a heat insulating wall such as a door having a substantially flat plate shape instead of a container shape. Moreover, as long as it is a container, it is not necessarily limited to the tank for LNG hull, For example, it may apply to the housing | casing of a portable cool box, the housing | casing of a thermostat, the housing | casing of a hot water storage tank, etc. is there.

In all the embodiments described above, the example using the open cell urethane foam is shown as the open cell resin, but the open cell resin of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an open-celled phenol foam or a copolymer resin containing any one of a continuous urethane foam and a continuous phenol foam may be used. The open cell resin is effective as long as it is an open cell resin in which bubbles are formed in the skin layer as well as the core layer as described in Japanese Patent No. 5310928. However, it is also possible to use only a core layer by cutting a skin layer of a general open-cell resin that is not open-celled. Similarly, although an inorganic fiber material such as glass wool is exemplified as a heat insulating material having a smaller airflow resistance than the open cell resin, the present invention is not limited to this example, and a known organic fiber other than the inorganic fiber is used. Alternatively, a powder material such as pearlite may be used.

Furthermore, as the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulator, the one constituted by a combination of a metal outer box and a resin inner box and the one constituted by combining metal thin plates were exemplified. It is not limited, A resin molded product may be sufficient, for example, you may use the lamination sheet 31 as is shown by FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional configuration of a laminated sheet 31 that is an outer packaging material of a vacuum heat insulator in the second embodiment of the present invention.

The laminated sheet 31 is obtained by laminating and integrating a surface protective layer 32, a gas barrier layer 33, and a heat welding layer 34. The surface protective layer 32 is selected from a nylon film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, a polypropylene film, and the like. The gas barrier layer 33 is a metal foil selected from aluminum foil, copper foil, stainless steel foil, and the like, a vapor-deposited film in which a metal or a metal oxide is vapor-deposited on a resin film serving as a base material, The surface is made of a film having a known coating treatment. The heat welding layer 34 is made of a thermoplastic resin film such as low density polyethylene.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view seen from the side, showing the configuration of the refrigerator 101 using the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Composition of refrigerator]
The structure of the refrigerator 101 of this Embodiment is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 11, the refrigerator 101 according to the present embodiment includes an outer box 102 made of metal (for example, iron) and an inner box 103 made of hard resin (for example, ABS resin). And in the heat insulation space 104 between the outer box 102 and the inner box 103, after the core material and the gas adsorbing material are loaded, the heat insulation box body (hereinafter, (Referred to as a vacuum heat insulation box). Here, “vacuum sealing” includes a state where the pressure in the space for heat insulation is lower than atmospheric pressure. As the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating box 107, the one described in the first embodiment can be used.

The internal space of the vacuum heat insulation box 107 is partitioned into an upper refrigerator compartment 110 and a lower freezer compartment 109 by a partition plate 108. The freezer compartment 109 is provided in two stages, and a refrigerator compartment 110 is further provided under the freezer compartment 109 in the lower stage. Each of the refrigerator compartment 110 and the freezer compartment 109 includes a door 125. In the heat insulation space of the door 125, the vacuum heat insulation box body 113 of the present embodiment is configured.

Also, the refrigerator 101 is equipped with components (compressor 117, evaporator 118, evaporating dish 119, etc.) according to the cooling principle. The internal space of the vacuum heat insulation box 107 is not limited to the above example, and may be partitioned into a plurality of storage rooms (refrigeration room, freezer room, ice making room, vegetable room, etc.) having different uses, for example. .

[Configuration of vacuum insulation]
Next, the structure of the vacuum heat insulation box 113 of this Embodiment, ie, a vacuum heat insulation, is demonstrated.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the door 125 of the refrigerator 101 in the third embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are sectional drawings which show the structure of the vacuum heat insulating body of the comparative example in the same embodiment. Moreover, FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are sectional drawings which show the structure of the 1st example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the embodiment. FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the second example of the vacuum heat insulator in the same embodiment. Moreover, FIG. 16A and FIG. 16B are sectional drawings which show the structure of the 3rd example of a vacuum heat insulating body in the embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 12, a vacuum heat insulating material is formed in the heat insulating space in the outer box 102 and the inner box 103 which are the outer packaging materials of the vacuum heat insulating box body 113. Further, on the surface side of the outer box 102, an external component 114 such as glass is disposed.

First, in the comparative example shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the open-cell urethane foam covered with the gas barrier layer 131 in the heat insulation space in the outer box 102 and the inner box 103 that serve as the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulation box 113. 121 is configured. A heat-welded layer 132 is formed at the boundary between the inner box 103 and the outer box 102 to maintain airtightness. In the manufacturing stage, evacuation is performed from the exhaust port 115, and then the exhaust pipe 116 is sealed to maintain airtightness. Thus, in the comparative example, as the vacuum heat insulating box 113, one type of vacuum heat insulating material, here, open-cell urethane foam 121 is used.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, in the first example, the heat insulation space in the outer box 102 and the inner box 103, which is the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulation box 113, is covered with a gas barrier layer 131. An open-cell urethane foam 121 and a fiber material 122 are formed. Here, the open-cell urethane foam 121 is arranged on the surface appearance component 114 side. A heat-welded layer 132 is formed at the boundary between the inner box 103 and the outer box 102 to maintain airtightness. In the manufacturing stage, evacuation is performed from the exhaust port 115, and then the exhaust pipe 116 is sealed to maintain airtightness. Thus, in the first example, as the vacuum heat insulating box body 113, two types of vacuum heat insulating materials, here, the open-cell urethane foam 121 and the fiber material 122 are formed. The first example is an example in which the vacuum heat insulating material is constituted by the two layers of the first heat insulating core material 11 and the second heat insulating core material 12 described in the first embodiment, and the detailed description thereof is provided. Will be omitted.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B, in the second example, as in the first example described above, the outer box 102 and the inner box 103 that serve as the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating box body 113 are provided. An open cell urethane foam 121 and a fiber material 122 covered with a gas barrier layer 131 are formed in the heat insulating space. Here, the point from which the polyethylene film 123 which is an inclusion is arrange | positioned between the open cell urethane foam 121 and the fiber material 122 differs from a 1st example. Here, a resin sheet or a resin film can be used as the inclusion. And as resin, it is desirable that it is the structure which does not have functional groups, such as OH.

Here, in the second example, a polyethylene film 123 as an inclusion is interposed between the open-cell urethane foam 121 which is an example of the first heat insulating core material and the fiber material 122 which is an example of the second heat insulating core material. The reason for the arrangement will be described.

As described in the first embodiment, the manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulating box 113 is first a wrapping material in which the fiber material 122 is placed in the space for heat insulation between the outer box 102 and the inner box 103. After that, urethane liquid is injected. At this time, depending on the conditions, the urethane liquid enters between the fibers of the fiber core material, a boundary layer is formed, and the internal gas cannot be exhausted well, and as a result, the heat insulation performance cannot be demonstrated well. there is a possibility. In order to prevent this, the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material are physically separated by inclusions, and each performance is sufficiently exhibited.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, in the third example, as in the second example described above, the outer box 102 and the inner box 103 that serve as the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating box body 113 are provided. An open cell urethane foam 121 and a fiber material 122 covered with a gas barrier layer 131 are formed in the heat insulating space. A polyethylene film 123 is disposed between the open cell urethane foam 121 and the fiber material 122. Here, the third example is different from the second example in that a plurality of through holes 124 are provided in the polyethylene film 123.

As described above, according to the configuration of the second example, the phenomenon that the urethane liquid enters between the fibers of the fiber core material due to the inclusion, and the internal gas cannot be exhausted well. Can be prevented. However, since the polyethylene film 123 which is an inclusion does not have air permeability, air cannot be exchanged between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material. On the contrary, there is a possibility that inclusions obstruct the exhaust from the vacuum heat insulator. Therefore, in this example, the through hole 124 is provided in order to make the inclusions have a slight air permeability.

In the first to third examples described above, the open cells covered with the gas barrier layer 131 in the heat insulating space in the outer box 102 and the inner box 103 that serve as the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating box body 113. The example in which the urethane foam 121 and the fiber material 122 were comprised was shown. In each example, the example in which the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material are arranged in the entire width direction of the space for heat insulation is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this example.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of the open-cell urethane foam 121 of the comparative example in the third embodiment of the present invention.

17 to 22, it is assumed that the left side toward the paper surface is the surface side of the door 125 and the right side faces the inside of the refrigerator 101.

As shown in FIG. 17, in the comparative example, the gas adsorbent 106 is disposed at a substantially central portion on the surface side of the door 125. And the open-cell urethane foam 121 is formed uniformly in the space between the inner box 103 and the outer box 102. Further, the exhaust port 115 is provided at a substantially central portion inside the inner box 103.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the vacuum heat insulator of the first example in the third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 18, in this example, the fiber material 122 as the second heat insulating core material is provided in the entire outer region including the portion where the gas adsorbent 106 is arranged in the comparative example shown in FIG. 17. Has been placed. In the example shown in FIG. 18, an example in which there is no inclusion between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material is shown. However, the arrangement of the second example and the third example can be realized by disposing the polyethylene film 123 as an inclusion between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating body of the first example according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 19, in this example, in the comparative example shown in FIG. 17, the entire region in the thickness direction from the outside to the inside including the portion where the gas adsorbent 106 is arranged, and in the width direction The fiber material 122 which is a 2nd heat insulation core material is arrange | positioned in the one part area | region. In addition, in the example shown by FIG. 19, the example without an inclusion is shown between the 1st heat insulation core material and the 2nd heat insulation core material. However, between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material, the polyethylene film 123 that is an inclusion is disposed. Specifically, by arranging the second heat insulating core material so as to be wrapped with the inclusion, The configurations of the second example and the third example can be realized.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating body of the first example according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 20, in this example, in the comparative example shown in FIG. 17, a partial area in the thickness direction from the outside to the inside, not including the portion where the gas adsorbent 106 is arranged, and the width The fiber material 122 which is a 2nd heat insulation core material is arrange | positioned in the one part area | region also in the direction. In addition, in the example shown by FIG. 20, the example without an inclusion is shown between the 1st heat insulation core material and the 2nd heat insulation core material. However, between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material, the polyethylene film 123 that is an inclusion is disposed. Specifically, by arranging the second heat insulating core material so as to be wrapped with the inclusion, The configurations of the second example and the third example can be realized.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulating body of the first example according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 21, in this example, in the comparative example shown in FIG. 17, the fiber material that is the second heat-insulating core material in the region of the outer corner portion that does not include the portion where the gas adsorbent 106 is arranged. 122 is arranged. By disposing the fiber material 122 in this manner, a sufficient heat insulating effect can be achieved even at the outer corner where the open cell urethane foam 121 is difficult to be filled. In the example shown in FIG. 21, an example is shown in which there are no inclusions between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material. However, between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material, the polyethylene film 123 that is an inclusion is disposed. Specifically, by arranging the second heat insulating core material so as to be wrapped with the inclusion, The configurations of the second example and the third example can be realized.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the configuration of the vacuum heat insulator of the first example in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 22, in addition to the configuration of the example shown in FIG. 18, the fiber material 122, which is the second heat insulating core material, is disposed inside from the exhaust port 115 on the surface of the inner inner box 103. An example in which an exhaust hole 225 is provided so as to reach is shown. According to this example, as shown by the arrows in the figure, when evacuation is performed, the residual gas is exhausted from the exhaust port 115 through the exhaust hole 225, so that the degree of vacuum can be further increased. is there. A plurality of exhaust holes 225 may be provided.

In the example shown in FIG. 22, an example in which the exhaust hole 225 is provided in the configuration of FIG. 18 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the degree of vacuum after evacuation can be similarly increased by providing the exhaust hole 225 in addition to the configurations of FIGS.

[Method of manufacturing vacuum insulation box]
Next, the manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulation box 113 of this Embodiment is demonstrated.

FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the vacuum heat insulating box 113 in the third embodiment of the present invention.

First, each of the inner box 103 and the outer box 102 is manufactured by producing and molding a sheet having gas barrier properties (S301 to S304).

Separately, a urethane liquid is injected into the mold and foamed (S305). Then, a fiber material 122 (for example, glass wool) is added. At this time, if necessary, the fiber material 122 is wrapped with the polyethylene film 123 or the polyethylene film 123 is sandwiched so that inclusions exist between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material. Can do. Thereafter, the mold is released from the mold (S307).

The inner box 103, the outer box 102, and the open-cell urethane foam 121 produced in this way are assembled (S308), and the inner box 103 and the outer box 102 are welded together to maintain airtightness (S309). Then, the inside of the inner box 103 and the outer box 102 is evacuated, or the whole of the inner box 103 and the outer box 102 is put in a vacuum chamber and evacuated (S310), and the mouth portion of the exhaust pipe to be evacuated is hermetically sealed. Stop (S311). Thereby, a vacuum heat insulating body can be produced.

[Effects of vacuum insulation]
Next, the effect of the vacuum heat insulation box 113 produced as described above, that is, the vacuum heat insulation will be described.

FIG. 24 is a diagram comparing the internal pressures of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 24, a first example in which the internal pressure (state before the gas adsorbent 106 is made to function) when the vacuum heat insulator is configured with only the open-cell urethane foam 121 (comparative example) is set as “1”, The internal pressure of the structure of the 2nd example and the 3rd example is shown.

As shown in FIG. 24, the internal pressure in the first example (a configuration that does not include inclusions between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material) is vacuum only by the first heat insulating core material. It is higher than the internal pressure when the heat insulator is configured (comparative example). This is because, as described above, the open-cell urethane foam 121 as the first heat insulating core material enters between the fiber materials 122 as the second heat insulating core material, and a boundary layer is formed. This is thought to be because it is an obstacle to exhausting residual gas.

On the other hand, in the second example (a configuration including inclusions between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material) and the third example (a configuration in which the through holes 124 are open in the inclusions). The internal pressure is the same as that of the comparative example and half or less than that of the comparative example, and it can be said that the practicality is high. In the present embodiment, in the second example and the third example, the inclusion is a polyethylene film 123 having a thickness of 100 μm. In the third example, the hole diameter of the through hole 124 is 1. It is assumed that 0 mm and the pitch are 10 mm.

FIG. 25 is a diagram comparing the thermal conductivities of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 25, when the vacuum heat insulator is configured with only the open-cell urethane foam 121 (comparative example), the heat conductivity of the first example, the second example, and the third example is relativized as “1”. Indicates the internal pressure. In the second example and the third example, the inclusion is a polyethylene film 123 having a thickness of 100 μm. In the third example, the hole diameter of the through holes 124 is 1.0 mm and the pitch is 10 mm. To do.

As shown in FIG. 25, in any of the first example, the second example, and the third example, the thermal conductivity lower than the thermal conductivity of the comparative example can be realized, and the first heat insulation is achieved. By using a core material and a 2nd heat insulation core material, it can be said that the heat insulation performance as a vacuum heat insulating material is improving.

FIG. 26 is a diagram comparing the internal pressures of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 26, the internal pressure (state when the gas adsorbent 106 is made to function) when the vacuum heat insulator is configured by only the open-cell urethane foam 121 (comparative example) is relativized as “1”, and the first The internal pressure of an example, a 2nd example, and a 3rd example is shown.

As shown in FIG. 26, the internal pressure in the first example is higher than the internal pressure when the vacuum heat insulating body is composed of only the first heat insulating core material (comparative example). This is because, as described above, the open-cell urethane foam 121 as the first heat insulating core material enters between the fiber materials 122 as the second heat insulating core material, and a boundary layer is formed. This is thought to be because it is an obstacle to exhausting residual gas.

On the other hand, in the second example (a configuration including inclusions between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material) and the third example (a configuration in which the through holes 124 are open in the inclusions). The internal pressure is equal to or less than that of the comparative example.

Here, in the example of FIG. 26, all values are practically acceptable values. That is, the vacuum properties of the vacuum heat insulating materials of the first example, the second example, and the third example of the present embodiment are within a practically acceptable range after the gas adsorbent 106 is functioned. There is no problem in practicality.

Next, a third example in which the polyethylene film 123 which is an example of the inclusion of the vacuum heat insulating material of the present embodiment is used, that is, an optimal configuration in the case of having the through hole 124 will be examined.

FIG. 27 is a diagram comparing the thermal conductivity due to the difference in the thickness of inclusions in the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 27, the thermal conductivity when the thickness of the polyethylene film as an inclusion is 100 μm is shown as relative to “1”. The inclusions are formed with through-holes 124 having a hole diameter of 1.0 mm and a pitch of 10 mm.

As shown in FIG. 27, the greater the thickness of the inclusion, the higher the thermal conductivity. Specifically, when the thickness is larger than 500 μm, the heat insulation performance is lowered. Conversely, if the inclusions are made too thin, specifically, if the thickness is made thinner than 30 μm, the film may be broken by the foaming pressure when the open cell resin is foamed. This does not depend on the presence or absence of the through hole 124.

That is, by setting the thickness of the inclusions to 30 to 500 μm, the configurations of the second example and the third example can exhibit more performance than the thickness before and after that.

Next, a third example when using the polyethylene film 123 which is an example of the inclusion of the vacuum heat insulating material of the present embodiment, that is, the optimum hole diameter when the through-hole 124 is provided will be examined.

FIG. 28 is a diagram comparing the internal pressure due to the difference in the diameter of the through-hole 124 of the inclusion in the third example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 28, the thickness of the polyethylene film as an inclusion is 100 μm, and the hole pitch is 10 mm. The internal pressure when there is no hole is shown as “1” in a relative manner.

As shown in FIG. 28, the inclusion through-hole 124 is preferably in the range of 0.1 mm to 4 mm. When the hole diameter is smaller than 0.1 mm, the exhaust efficiency is not improved. On the other hand, when the hole diameter exceeds 4 mm, the open cell resin as the first heat insulating core material penetrates into the fiber material as the second heat insulating core material, resulting in an increase in internal pressure. More preferably, a hole diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 2 mm is desirable because the internal pressure is the lowest.

FIG. 29 is a diagram comparing the internal pressure due to the difference in pitch of the through-holes 124 of the inclusion in the third example of the vacuum heat insulating body in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 29, the thickness of the polyethylene film as an inclusion is 100 μm, and the hole diameter is 1 mm. Further, the internal pressure when there is no hole shown in FIG. 28 is shown as relative to “1” in FIG. 29 as well.

As shown in FIG. 29, the pitch of the through-holes 124 of inclusions is preferably in the range of 2 mm to 90 mm. If the pitch is smaller than 2 mm, the strength of the film becomes weak, and the film may be broken by the foaming pressure when the open-cell resin is foamed. On the other hand, if the pitch exceeds 90 mm, it is difficult to obtain the effect of improving the exhaust efficiency.

FIG. 30 is a diagram comparing the thermal conductivity of the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention due to the difference in the diameter of the exhaust holes.

In FIG. 30, the number of exhaust holes is “one”. Then, the thermal conductivity when there is no hole is shown as “1” in a relative manner.

As shown in FIG. 30, the exhaust hole preferably has a hole diameter in the range from 0.3 mm to 5 mm from the viewpoint of thermal conductivity. When the hole diameter is smaller than 0.3 mm, improvement in exhaust efficiency cannot be seen. On the other hand, if the hole diameter exceeds 5 mm, the thermal conductivity cannot be lowered, and the heat insulation performance is not improved.

FIG. 31 is a diagram comparing the compressive strength due to the difference in pitch when a plurality of exhaust holes are provided in the third example of the vacuum heat insulator in the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 31, the hole diameter of the exhaust hole is 1 mm. The compression strength when the pitch is 1 mm is shown as “1” in a relative manner.

As shown in FIG. 31, when a plurality of exhaust holes are provided, the pitch is preferably in the range of 1 mm or more. This is because if the pitch is smaller than 1 mm, the compressive strength is lowered.

Thus, many improvements and other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of each embodiment. Accordingly, the description of each embodiment should be construed as illustrative only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best mode of carrying out the invention. Details of at least any of its structure and function may be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

As described above, the vacuum heat insulating body according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the core material and the outer packaging material for vacuum-sealing the core material. The core material has a first heat-insulating core material 11 and a second heat-insulating core material 12 having air permeability, and the first heat-insulating core material 11 has a larger airflow resistance than the second heat-insulating core material 12.

According to such a configuration, when the heat insulating body is evacuated, the first heat insulating core material having a high airflow resistance, for example, the open cell resin such as open cell urethane, is the second heat insulating core material having a low airflow resistance, for example, glass wool. Alternatively, the thickness can be reduced by the presence of a fiber material such as rock wool. And, since the thickness is reduced, the passage made of continuous bubbles is shortened, the ventilation resistance is reduced, the evacuation time is shortened, and the productivity can be improved.

In addition, by reducing the thickness of the first heat insulating core material having a large ventilation resistance, the gas that gradually emerges from the inside of the open cell resin can be reduced at the same time by shortening the open cell passage, which is shortened accordingly. It is possible to disperse the gas throughout the passage composed of continuous bubbles, and to suppress deformation due to a local pressure increase. In addition, by reducing the amount of gas coming out of the heat insulating core material such as the first open-cell resin having a large ventilation resistance, it is possible to suppress a decrease in heat insulating properties.

Further, the first heat insulating core material may be made of an open cell resin, and the second heat insulating core material may be made of a fiber material or a powder material having a lower airflow resistance than the open cell resin.

Thus, this heat insulating body can be produced by pouring open cell resin into the wrapping material with the fiber material or powder material put in, foaming it integrally, and evacuating it. Therefore, the productivity can be greatly improved, the production cost can be reduced, and the product can be provided at a lower cost.

Moreover, the structure which further has the inclusion arrange | positioned in the boundary of a 1st heat insulation core material and a 2nd heat insulation core material may be sufficient.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the liquid before foaming from penetrating into the fiber material or the powder material when foaming the open cell resin. When the liquid before foaming penetrates, a boundary layer that causes deterioration of the heat insulating performance is formed. At this time, the fiber material or the powder material may be packaged in a bag form.

Thus, the entire packaging material can be filled without impairing the filling property of the open cell resin.

Further, the inclusion may be a resin sheet or a resin film.

By using such a resin, heat leakage can be suppressed and the heat insulation performance is not impaired.

In addition, the resin sheet or the resin film may be configured to be a resin having no functional group.

According to such a configuration, by using a resin that does not have a functional group (for example, OH group), a new boundary layer is formed between the first heat insulating core material and the heat insulating performance is deteriorated. Can be prevented.

The thickness of the resin sheet or resin film may be in the range of 30 to 500 μm.

The greater the thickness of the inclusion, the higher the thermal conductivity. Specifically, when the thickness is larger than 500 μm, the heat insulation performance is lowered. Conversely, if the inclusions are made too thin, specifically, if the thickness is made thinner than 30 μm, the film may be broken by the foaming pressure when the open cell resin is foamed. In other words, by setting the thickness of the inclusions to 30 to 500 μm, more performance can be exhibited compared to the thickness before and after the inclusion.

Moreover, the structure which further has the through-hole formed in the resin sheet or the resin film may be sufficient.

According to such a configuration, the second heat insulating core material and the first heat insulating core material having a low airflow resistance can be ventilated through the through hole. Therefore, when evacuating, the first heat insulating core material can be efficiently exhausted through the second heat insulating core material having a low airflow resistance and the through hole.

The diameter of the through hole may be in the range of 0.1 to 4 mm.

If the diameter of the through hole is smaller than 0.1 mm, the exhaust efficiency is not improved, and if the diameter exceeds 4 mm, the first heat insulating core material may permeate the second heat insulating core material. The exhaust efficiency can be further improved by setting the diameter in the range of 0.3 to 2 mm.

Further, a configuration in which a plurality of through holes are provided and a pitch between each of the plurality of through holes is in a range of 2 to 90 mm may be employed.

When the pitch is smaller than 2 mm, the strength of the film becomes weak, and the film may be broken by the foaming pressure when the first heat insulating core material is foamed. Further, if the pitch exceeds 90 mm, the effect of improving the exhaust efficiency cannot be seen.

Further, the outer packaging material may have an inner box and an outer box, and the first heat insulating core material may be arranged on the inner box side.

This makes it possible to configure the inner box of the vacuum heat insulator with a curved surface other than a flat surface. This is because the first heat insulating core material can be deformed more flexibly to fill the space. Thereby, when it uses for a heat insulating body or a heat insulating wall, the heat insulation fall by the clearance gap between a vacuum heat insulating body and external appearance components etc. can be prevented.

Further, an exhaust hole may be provided from the surface of the first heat insulating core member toward the second heat insulating core member.

With such a configuration, the position of the exhaust port can be freely provided, and the open cell resin having a large ventilation resistance can be efficiently exhausted from the surroundings using the exhaust hole.

Further, the exhaust hole may have a diameter in the range of 1 to 5 mm.

This is because if the diameter of the exhaust hole is smaller than 0.3 mm, the exhaust efficiency is not improved, and if the diameter exceeds 5 mm, the heat insulating performance may be deteriorated.

Further, a plurality of exhaust holes may be provided, and a pitch between each of the plurality of exhaust holes may be 1 mm or more.

This is because if the pitch is smaller than 1 mm, the compressive strength may be lowered. On the other hand, if the pitch is 1 mm or more, it is possible to obtain the effect of providing the exhaust holes without deformation of the container even after evacuation.

Further, the second heat insulating core material may be loaded into a wrapping material, and the wrapping material may be constituted by inclusions.

With such a configuration, in the configuration having inclusions, the inclusions can be shared as a packaging material for packaging the second heat insulating core material.

Further, the fiber material may be composed of an inorganic fiber material including glass wool or rock wool.

Thereby, the residual gas from the fiber material released inside the vacuum heat insulator is reduced, and the decrease in the degree of vacuum can be suppressed, and the water absorption (hygroscopicity) of the fiber material itself can be lowered. . Therefore, the moisture content inside the vacuum heat insulator can be kept low, and the heat insulation can be further improved.

Further, the outer packaging material may have a gas adsorbing material sealed together with the core material, and the gas adsorbing material may be arranged on the first heat insulating core material side in the outer packaging material.

With such a configuration, when the gas remaining in the outer packaging material is adsorbed, the gas adsorbent efficiently converts the gas that remains in the open cell resin without being fully evacuated and gradually emerges from the open cell resin. Can be adsorbed well. Therefore, it can prevent that a heat insulating body deform | transforms by the internal pressure rise by the gas from open cell resin, or heat insulation falls.

Further, the outer packaging material may be composed of a pair of thin metal plates, and may be configured by adhering the peripheral edges of the pair of thin metal plates and vacuum-sealing the inside.

Thus, the outer packaging material made of a thin metal plate in which the core material is vacuum-sealed has a much higher corrosion resistance than the multilayer outer packaging material including an aluminum vapor deposition layer of a general vacuum heat insulating material. Therefore, even if it is used as a heat-insulating wall such as an LNG tanker and exposed to seawater, it can be prevented from corroding and damaging the outer packaging material, greatly improving its reliability. Can be made.

Further, the heat insulating container of the embodiment is a heat insulating container that holds a substance that is 100 ° C. lower than normal temperature, the heat insulating container includes the above-described vacuum heat insulating body, and the vacuum heat insulating body is on the low temperature side of the heat insulating container. Of the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material, a heat insulating core material having a low thermal conductivity may be arranged. In the present specification, “room temperature” means the atmospheric temperature.

As a result, the heat insulating core material with low thermal conductivity first strongly insulates the low temperature from the low temperature substance, and the heat insulating core material located outside thereof is strongly insulated with the heat insulating core material with low thermal conductivity. Insulating in a low temperature region where the temperature is relatively high. Thereby, the thermal insulation characteristic of each container can be efficiently preserve | saved by utilizing each heat insulation characteristic.

The heat insulating wall of the embodiment is a heat insulating wall used in an environment of 0 ° C. or lower, and the heat insulating wall includes the above-described vacuum heat insulating body, and the vacuum heat insulating body is disposed on the low temperature side of the heat insulating wall. Of the 1 heat insulation core material and the 2nd heat insulation core material, you may be comprised so that the heat insulation core material with low heat conductivity may be arrange | positioned.

As a result, the heat insulating core material with low thermal conductivity first strongly insulates the low temperature from the low temperature substance, and the heat insulating core material located outside thereof is strongly insulated with the heat insulating core material with low thermal conductivity. Insulating the low temperature region where the temperature is relatively high. Thereby, it can insulate efficiently, utilizing each heat insulation characteristic.

As described above, according to the present invention, a high-quality vacuum insulation body that is inexpensive and has high heat insulation performance, specifically, it has a special effect of improving the vacuuming efficiency and increasing the productivity. Can do. Therefore, the present invention can be widely applied as a vacuum heat insulator, and a heat insulating container and a heat insulating wall using the same, from a consumer device such as a refrigerator to an industrial use such as an LNG storage tank. is there.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerator 2 Outer box 3 Inner box 4 Space for heat insulation 5 Core material 6 Gas adsorption material 7 Vacuum heat insulation box 8 Partition plate 9 Refrigeration room 10 Freezer room 11 1st heat insulation core material 12 2nd heat insulation core material 13 Urethane liquid inlet DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Air vent hole 15 Exhaust pipe 16 Vacuum chamber 21 Heat insulation container 22 Container outer tank 23 Intermediate tank 24 Container inner tank 25 First heat insulation box 26 Box frame body 27 Powder heat insulating material 28 Second heat insulation box 29 Vacuum heat insulation body 30 Metal Thin plate 31 Laminated sheet 32 Surface protective layer 33 Gas barrier layer 34 Heat welding layer 101 Refrigerator 102 Outer box 103 Inner box 104 Space for heat insulation 106 Gas adsorbent 107 Vacuum heat insulation box 108 Partition plate 109 Freezer room 110 Refrigeration room 113 Vacuum heat insulation box 114 External parts 115 Exhaust port 116 Exhaust pipe 117 Compressor 118 Evaporator 1 9 evaporating dish 121 open cell urethane foam 122 fiber material 123 polyethylene film 124 through hole 125 door 131 gas barrier layer 132 heat seal layer 225 exhaust holes

Claims

A core material,
An outer packaging material for vacuum-sealing the core material,
The core material has a first heat insulating core material and a second heat insulating core material having air permeability,
The first heat insulating core material is a vacuum heat insulating material having a larger ventilation resistance than the second heat insulating core material.
The first heat insulating core material is composed of an open cell resin,
The said 2nd heat insulation core material is a vacuum heat insulating body of Claim 1 comprised with the fiber material or powder material whose ventilation resistance is smaller than the said open cell resin.
The vacuum heat insulating body according to claim 2, further comprising an inclusion disposed at a boundary between the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material.
The vacuum insulator according to claim 3, wherein the inclusion is a resin sheet or a resin film.
The vacuum heat insulating body according to claim 4, wherein the resin sheet or the resin film is a resin having no functional group.
The vacuum heat insulating body according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a thickness of the resin sheet or the resin film is in a range of 30 to 500 袖 m.
The vacuum heat insulating body according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a through hole formed in the resin sheet or the resin film.
The vacuum heat insulating body according to claim 7, wherein the diameter of the through hole is in a range of 0.1 to 4 mm.
Having a plurality of the through holes, the pitch between each of the plurality of through holes,
The vacuum insulator according to claim 7 or 8, which is in a range of 2 to 90 mm.
The outer packaging material has an inner box and an outer box,
The said 1st heat insulation core material is a vacuum heat insulating body of any one of Claim 1- Claim 9 arrange | positioned at the said inner-box side.
The vacuum heat insulating body according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein an exhaust hole is provided from the surface of the first heat insulating core member toward the second heat insulating core member.
The exhaust hole has a diameter of
The vacuum insulator according to claim 11, which is in the range of 1 to 5 mm.
A plurality of the exhaust holes are provided,
The vacuum heat insulating body according to claim 11 or 12, wherein a pitch between each of the plurality of exhaust holes is 1 mm or more.
The second heat insulating core material is loaded into a bag material.
The vacuum insulator according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the wrapping material is constituted by the inclusions.
The said 2nd heat insulation core material is a vacuum heat insulating body of any one of Claim 1-14 comprised with the inorganic fiber material containing glass wool or rock wool.
Inside the outer packaging material has a gas adsorbent sealed together with the core material,
The vacuum heat insulating body according to any one of claims 2 to 15, wherein the gas adsorbing material is disposed on the first heat insulating core material side in the outer packaging material.
The outer packaging material is composed of a pair of thin metal plates,
The vacuum heat insulating body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is configured by fixing peripheral edges of the pair of metal thin plates and vacuum-sealing the inside.
A heat insulating container that can be used as a heat insulating container that holds a substance that is 100 ° C. lower than normal temperature,
The said heat insulation container is equipped with the vacuum heat insulating body of any one of Claim 1- Claim 7,
The said vacuum heat insulating body is a heat insulation container comprised so that the heat insulation core material with low heat conductivity among the said 1st heat insulation core material and the said 2nd heat insulation core material may be arrange | positioned at the low temperature side of the said heat insulation container.
A heat insulating wall that can be used as a heat insulating wall used in an environment of 0 ° C. or lower,
The heat insulating wall comprises the vacuum heat insulating body according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The vacuum heat insulator is a heat insulating wall configured such that a heat insulating core material having a low thermal conductivity is disposed on the low temperature side of the heat insulating wall, of the first heat insulating core material and the second heat insulating core material.