JP4079322B2 - Tunnel excavator for underground joint and tunnel underground joint method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for underground joint and a tunnel underground joint method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional tunnel underground joining method is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-208644. In this joining method, the tip of the newly installed pipe has a double structure of an outer cylinder and a joined pipe inserted into the outer cylinder.
On the other hand, as another joining method, the one shown in FIG. 15 is generally performed. Among them, the method shown in (1) is to join the new tunnel 51 to the vertical shaft 52 constructed in the existing tunnel 50, and the method shown in (2) is the new tunnel 51 in the vertical shaft 52 near the existing tunnel 50. , And the ground 53 between the vertical shaft 52 and the existing tunnel 50 is joined by improving the ground by a freezing method. The method shown in (3) constructs the new tunnel 51 up to the vicinity of the existing tunnel 50. And the ground 53 in the meantime is improved and joined by the freezing method.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-208644 (FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-208644 has a problem that the construction cost increases because the new pipe is a double pipe. In addition, the joining methods of (1) to (3) in FIG. 15 are difficult to secure the shaft site, increase the construction cost and construction period due to the necessity of cutting the underground buried objects, and secure a production yard for ground improvement. However, there were problems such as difficulty in construction and increase in construction cost due to expansion of ground improvement.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator capable of performing underground tunnel junction in a short period of time without improving the ground and a joining method thereof. Is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A tunnel excavator for underground joining for solving the above-described problems is provided with a ring cutter that is slidable in the excavating direction and rotatable in the circumferential direction, installed at the front of the shield body, and a ring cutter of the ring cutter. A cutter head that is installed at the front and includes a telescopic cutter that expands and contracts in the radial direction from the tip of the cutter spoke, and frictionally fixes a recess or a telescopic cutter with a cushioning material at the bottom on the inner surface of the ring cutter. A telescopic cutter extending from the tip of the cutter spoke is fixed to the fixing pad, and the ring cutter is rotated by the rotation of the telescopic cutter.
The tunnel underground joint method is a tunnel underground joint method in which a new tunnel is joined to a side surface of an existing tunnel built in the ground, and the tunnel excavator for underground joint according to claim 1 is installed in the existing tunnel. After digging until it touches the side, the cutter's telescopic cutter is shrunk to the inside of the ring cutter, and the ring cutter is slid in the digging direction. A telescopic cutter extended in the radial direction is fixed to a fixing pad to be fixed by friction, and the ring cutter is rotated forward by the rotation of the telescopic cutter to push forward and cut the side surface of the existing tunnel. Moreover, after cutting the side surface of the existing tunnel with a ring cutter, the water stop material is injected into the ground outside the cutting portion from the inside of the tunnel. In addition, after cutting the side of the existing tunnel with a ring cutter, the cutter head is disassembled and removed, and a new tunnel is built inside the ring cutter and the shield body.
[0007]
The ground is excavated by the cutter head, and the side surface of the existing tunnel is cut by rotating the ring cutter in the circumferential direction with an extendable cutter fixed to the fixing means on the inner surface of the ring cutter. The telescopic cutter can be fixed to the inner surface of the ring cutter by pushing the telescopic cutter into the recess of the inner surface of the ring cutter and by frictional adhesion of the telescopic cutter to the fixing pad.
Moreover, after the tunnel excavating machine for underground joints is dug up to the vicinity of the existing tunnel with a shield jack, a hole having a diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the new tunnel can be cut on the side surface of the existing tunnel by a ring cutter. Moreover, the water stop treatment outside the cutting part of the existing tunnel can be performed from the inside of the tunnel. By disassembling and removing the cutter head, it is possible to perform primary lining with the shield body and the ring cutter, and a new tunnel is built inside and joined to the existing tunnel.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a tunnel excavator for underground joining (hereinafter referred to as an excavator) and a tunnel underground joining method (hereinafter referred to as a joining method) according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
The joining method in the embodiment of the present invention is to join the new tunnel to the side of the existing tunnel by propelling the new pipe in the side hole excavated by the excavator. First, the excavator used in this method The embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, and then the embodiment of the joining method using the excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 14. In the embodiments, the same components are described with the same reference numerals, and only different components are described with different reference numerals.
[0010]
1 to 3 show an excavator 1 according to a first embodiment. The excavator 1 is provided with a cylindrical shield body 2 and an excavation direction installed at a front portion of the shield body 2. The cylindrical ring cutter 4 is slidable and rotatable in the circumferential direction, and a cutter head 5 is provided at the front of the ring cutter 4.
[0011]
The shield body 2 includes a front shield 7 and a rear shield 8 that are flexibly connected by a spherical bearing 6. A plurality of shield jacks (for example, three machines) 9 are installed on the inner surface of the rear shield 8, and the spreader 10 of the shield jack 9 extends using the new pipe 11 as a reaction force, thereby causing the excavator 1 to dig forward. It is.
[0012]
On the other hand, a cylindrical protruding shield 3 is provided in front of the front shield 7, and a ring cutter 4 is rotatably provided so as to cover the protruding shield 3.
[0013]
This ring cutter 4 cuts and opens a connection port for connecting a new tunnel on the side surface of an existing tunnel, and a number of cutter bits 14 for cutting the side surface of the existing tunnel are installed on the front surface thereof. A guide piece 15 bent inward is formed at the rear end of the ring cutter 4, and the guide piece 15 is installed on the guide portion 16 of the protruding shield 3, and the guide portion 16 stabilizes the slide of the ring cutter 4. .
[0014]
A spreader 18 of a slide jack 17 installed on the inner surface of the front shield 7 is attached to the guide piece 15. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the spreader 18 extends, the ring cutter 4 slides forward, and the ring cover 19 joined to the rear portion of the ring cutter 4 also slides, and the slide jack 17 and the guide portion 16 are also slid. And are protected.
[0015]
The ring cutter 4 has three concave portions 20 as fixing means for fixing the telescopic cutter, which will be described later, and a cushioning material 21, for example, sponge packing, is installed on the bottom.
[0016]
A bulkhead 22 is formed in front of the projecting shield 3, and a driving device 25 including a driving motor 23 and a speed reducer 24 is installed in the bulkhead 22, and the driving device 25 is provided with a bearing 26. A cutter head 5 is installed.
[0017]
The cutter head 5 is located on the front surface of the front shield 7, and three hollow cutter spokes 29 are installed radially in the central cylindrical portion 28, and an expandable cutter 30 is accommodated in the cutter spoke 29. The extendable cutter 30 is installed at the tip of an extendable spoke 31 accommodated in the cutter spoke 29 and is extended and contracted in the radial direction by a cylinder 32 in the cutter spoke 29. A number of cutter bits (not shown) are installed on the front surface of the cutter spoke 29.
[0018]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the expansion / contraction cutter 30 extends to the outer surface of the protruding shield 3 by the extension of the cylinder 32 (a position where the outer surface of the protruding shield and the outer surface of the expansion / contraction cutter are the same surface). The projection shield 3 is contracted to the inside.
[0019]
Further, after the telescopic cutter 30 is shrunk to the inside of the projecting shield 3 and the ring cutter 4 is projected forward of the projecting shield 3, when the telescopic cutter 30 is extended in the radial direction, it is pushed into the recess 20, so that the ring cutter 4 Can be rotated in the circumferential direction. In addition, the said recessed part 20 is always located in the location into which the expansion-contraction cutter 30 is pushed.
[0020]
The tip of a soil discharge pipe 34 is installed in the pressure chamber 33 formed between the bulkhead 22 and the cutter head 5, and the excavated soil in the pressure chamber 33 is discharged by the soil discharge pipe 34.
[0021]
FIG. 4 shows an excavator 35 according to the second embodiment. The excavator 35 has a concave portion 20 as a fixing means as a fixing pad 36. The configuration is the same as that of the excavator 1 of the embodiment. The fixing pad 36 is for fixing the telescopic cutter 30 to the ring cutter 4 by a frictional force, and has a frictional force that allows the ring cutter 4 to rotate.
[0022]
Next, a joining method using the excavator 1 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. This joining method joins the new tunnel 41 to the side surface of the existing tunnel 40 constructed in the ground.
[0023]
First, as shown in FIG. 5, the excavator 1 is dug up to about 1 m from the side of the existing tunnel 40. The excavator 1 excavates a natural ground 42 with a cutter head 5 and excavates the excavated soil with a shield jack 9 that takes a reaction force against a newly installed pipe 11 while discharging the excavated soil from a pressure chamber 33 with a discharge pipe 34. is there.
[0024]
Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the excavator 1 is stopped approximately 1 m from the side of the existing tunnel 40 and then further excavated by 30 cm.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the excavator 1 is dug until the cutter head 5 contacts the side surface of the existing tunnel 40.
[0026]
Next, as shown in FIG. 8, when the excavator 1 is retracted from the side surface of the existing tunnel 40 to about 30 cm, a slight excavation space 43 is formed between the cutter head 5 and the existing tunnel 40.
[0027]
Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the telescopic cutter 30 is contracted to the inside of the protruding shield 3, and the ring cutter 4 is slid to the excavation space 43. As a result, the ring cover 19 slides, and the slide jack 17 and the guide portion 16 are protected.
[0028]
Next, as shown in FIG. 10, when the telescopic cutter 30 is extended and pushed into the recess 20 of the ring cutter, the ring cutter 4 can be rotated in the circumferential direction. When the telescopic cutter 30 is pushed into the recess 20, the cushioning material 21 at the bottom is crushed.
[0029]
Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the ring cutter 4 is advanced while being rotated by the telescopic cutter 30 to cut the side wall of the existing tunnel 40, and the injection port (near the cutter head 5) in the ground 44 of this cutting part. The water-stopping material 45 is injected from (not shown) to improve the ground.
[0030]
After cutting the side wall of the existing tunnel 40 in this way, as shown in FIG. 12, when the telescopic cutter 30 is contracted and pulled out from the recess 20, the ring cutter 4 is connected to the side wall of the existing tunnel 40.
[0031]
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, when the cutter head 5 and the driving device 25 are disassembled together with the protruding shield 3 from the front shield 7, a tunnel 46 composed of the shield body 2 and the ring cutter 4 is formed.
[0032]
Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the cut-off side wall 47 of the existing tunnel is removed to form the connection port 12, and when the new pipe 11 is pushed and installed inside the tunnel 46, the new tunnel 41 is It is joined to the existing tunnel 40.
[0033]
In addition to the joining method as described above, the shield main body 2 and the ring cutter 4 can be disassembled together with the protruding shield 3 (see FIG. 13), and the new pipe 11 can be pushed and installed to construct a new tunnel. .
[0034]
In addition, although embodiment of said joining method used excavator 1 of 1st Embodiment, even if it uses excavator 35 of 2nd Embodiment, it can join by the same method and has the same effect. Play.
[0035]
Moreover, although said joining method was demonstrated based on the propulsion construction method, it can apply also not only to this but a shield construction method.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
Tunnel junction can be made at low cost and in a short time without ground improvement. Moreover, the excavator which can perform this joining can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an excavator according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an excavator with a ring cutter slid thereon.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and (2) is a plan view of (1).
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an excavator according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining method and excavating an excavator to the vicinity of a side surface of an existing tunnel.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining method and excavating an excavator to the vicinity of a side surface of an existing tunnel.
FIG. 7 shows a joining method, and is a cross-sectional view in which an excavator is dug until it comes into contact with a side surface of an existing tunnel.
FIG. 8 shows a joining method and is a sectional view in which an excavator excavated to the vicinity of a side surface of an existing tunnel is retracted.
FIG. 9 shows a joining method, and is a cross-sectional view of an excavator in which an expansion jack is contracted and a ring cutter is extended.
FIG. 10 shows a joining method, and is a cross-sectional view of an excavator in which an extension jack is extended and fixed to a ring cutter.
FIG. 11 shows a joining method and is a cross-sectional view of a side wall of an existing tunnel cut by a ring cutter.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an excavator in which a joining method is shown and an expansion jack is removed from a ring cutter.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an excavator in which a projecting shield and a cutter head are disassembled, showing a joining method.
FIG. 14 shows a joining method, and is a cross-sectional view in which a new tunnel is joined to an existing tunnel.
FIG. 15 shows a conventional joining method, (1) is a sectional view in which a shaft is constructed in an existing tunnel, (2) is a sectional view in which a shaft is constructed in the vicinity of the existing tunnel, and (3) is an existing tunnel. It is sectional drawing which improved the near ground.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,35 Excavator 2 Shield body 3 Protruding shield 4 Ring cutter 5 Cutter head 6 Spherical bearing 7 Front shield 8 Rear shield 9 Shield jack 10, 18 Spreader 11 New pipe 12 Connection port 14 Cutter bit 15 Guide piece 16 Guide part 17 Slide jack 19 Ring cover 20 Recess 21 Buffer material 22 Bulkhead 23 Drive motor 24 Reducer 25 Drive device 26 Bearing 28 Cylindrical portion 29 Cutter spoke 30 Telescopic cutter 31 Telescopic spoke 32 Cylinder 33 Pressure chamber 34 Exhaust pipe 36 Fixing pad 40, 50 Existing tunnels 41 and 51 New tunnel 42 Ground 43 43 Excavation spaces 44 and 53 Ground 45 Water stop material 46 Tunnel 47 Side wall 52 Vertical shaft

Claims (4)

  A ring cutter that is slidable in the excavation direction and is rotatable in the circumferential direction, installed at the front of the shield body, and installed at the front of the ring cutter, and expands and contracts in the radial direction from the tip of the cutter spoke. A telescopic cutter extending from the tip of the cutter spoke is fixed to a fixing pad for friction-fixing a recess or a telescopic cutter with a cushioning material on the bottom on the inner surface of the ring cutter. An underground excavation tunnel excavator wherein the ring cutter is rotated by the rotation of the telescopic cutter. A tunnel underground junction method for joining a new tunnel to a side surface of an existing tunnel constructed in the ground, wherein the tunnel excavator for underground junction according to claim 1 is dug until it contacts the side surface of the existing tunnel. The retractable cutter of the cutter head is shrunk to the inside of the ring cutter, and the ring cutter is slid in the digging direction, and the inner surface has a recess with a cushioning material on the bottom or a fixing pad that frictionally fixes the extendable cutter. A tunnel underground joining method characterized by fixing a telescopic cutter extended in a direction, and extruding forward while rotating the ring cutter by rotating the telescopic cutter to cut a side surface of an existing tunnel.   3. The tunnel underground joining method according to claim 2, wherein after the side surface of the existing tunnel is cut with a ring cutter, a water-stopping material is injected into the ground outside the cutting portion from the inside of the tunnel.   The ground of the tunnel according to claim 2 or 3, wherein after cutting the side of the existing tunnel with a ring cutter, the cutter head is disassembled and removed to construct a new tunnel inside the ring cutter and the shield body. Medium joining method.

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