JP2004218280A - Tunnel boring machine for underground connection and underground connection method for the tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel excavator and its underground connection capable of executing the underground connection of tunnels in low costs and in a short time without ground improvement. <P>SOLUTION: The tunnel excavator 1 for underground connection is constituted of a ring cutter 4 installed in the front part of a shield machine body 2, slidable in the excavation direction and freely rotatable in the circumferential direction and a cutter head 5 provided with an extensible/contractible cutter 30 installed in the front part of the ring cutter 4, radially extensible from the front end of the cutter spoke 29. The extensible cutter 30 extended from the front end of the cutter spoke 29 is fixed to the fixing means of the ring cutter 4 inside face, the ring cutter 4 is rotated by the rotation of the extensible cutter 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for underground joining and a method for underground joining of tunnels.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional tunnel underground bonding method is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-208644. This joining method has a double structure in which the tip of the newly installed pipe has an outer cylinder and a joining pipe inserted into the outer cylinder.
On the other hand, as another joining method, the method shown in FIG. 15 is generally performed. The method shown in (1) is for joining the new tunnel 51 to the shaft 52 constructed in the existing tunnel 50, and the method shown in (2) is for joining the new tunnel 51 in the shaft 52 near the existing tunnel 50. In this method, the ground 53 between the shaft 52 and the existing tunnel 50 is ground-improved by a freezing method and then connected. In the method shown in (3), the new tunnel 51 is constructed up to the vicinity of the existing tunnel 50. Then, the ground 53 therebetween is improved by a freezing method and joined.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-208644 (FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the invention of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-208644 has a problem that the construction cost increases because the newly installed pipe is a double pipe. In addition, the joining methods (1) to (3) in FIG. 15 increase the construction cost and the construction period due to the difficulty of securing the shaft site, the necessity of the work of turning underground buried objects, and securing the production yard for ground improvement. There were problems such as difficulties in construction, and an increase in construction costs due to expansion of the ground improvement range.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator capable of underground joining of a tunnel in a short time and without a ground improvement, and a joining method thereof. To provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An underground junction tunnel excavator for achieving the above object is provided with a ring cutter slidably mounted in the excavation direction and rotatable in the circumferential direction, which is installed at the front of the shield body. A cutter head provided with a telescopic cutter that is installed at the front part and expands and contracts radially from the tip of the cutter spoke, and a telescopic cutter extending from the tip of the cutter spoke is fixed to the fixing means on the inner surface of the ring cutter, The ring cutter is rotated by the rotation of the telescopic cutter. Further, the fixing means on the inner surface of the ring cutter includes a fixing pad for friction-fixing a concave portion provided with a cushioning material on the bottom or a telescopic cutter.
The underground joining method of a tunnel is an underground joining method of a tunnel in which a new tunnel is joined to a side surface of an existing tunnel constructed underground, and the tunnel excavator for underground joining according to claim 1 or 2 is installed. After excavating until it touches the side surface of the tunnel, the telescopic cutter of the cutter head is contracted to the inside of the ring cutter, and the ring cutter is slid in the excavating direction, and the telescopic cutter extended in the radial direction is fixed to the inner surface of the cutter. It is configured to fix and extrude forward while rotating the ring cutter by rotation of the telescopic cutter to cut the side surface of the existing tunnel. Also, the method includes cutting the side surface of the existing tunnel with a ring cutter, and then injecting a waterproof material from the inside of the tunnel into the ground outside the cut portion. Furthermore, after cutting the side surface of the existing tunnel with the ring cutter, the cutter head is disassembled and removed to construct a new tunnel inside the ring cutter and the shield body.
[0007]
The ground is excavated with the cutter head, and the ring cutter is rotated in the circumferential direction by a telescopic cutter fixed to the fixing means on the inner surface of the ring cutter to cut the side surface of the existing tunnel. The telescopic cutter can be fixed to the inner surface of the ring cutter by pushing the telescopic cutter into the recess on the inner surface of the ring cutter and frictionally bonding the telescopic cutter to the fixing pad.
Further, after the tunnel excavator for underground joining is excavated near the existing tunnel with the shield jack, a hole having a diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the new tunnel can be cut on the side surface of the existing tunnel by the ring cutter. In addition, the water stopping process outside the cutting portion of the existing tunnel can be performed from the inside of the tunnel. By dismantling and removing the cutter head, primary lining can be performed with the shield body and the ring cutter, and a new tunnel is constructed inside this and joined to the existing tunnel.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a tunnel excavator for underground joining (hereinafter, referred to as an excavator) and a method for underground joining of a tunnel (hereinafter, referred to as a joining method) of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
The joining method in the embodiment of the present invention is to join a new tunnel to the side of an existing tunnel by propelling a new pipe into a lateral hole excavated by the excavator. An embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, and thereafter, an embodiment of a joining method using this excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 14. Further, in each embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only different components are denoted by different reference numerals.
[0010]
FIGS. 1 to 3 show an excavator 1 according to a first embodiment. The excavator 1 has a cylindrical shield body 2 and an excavating machine installed at a front part of the shield body 2. It comprises a cylindrical ring cutter 4 that is slidable and rotatable in the circumferential direction, and a cutter head 5 installed at the front of the ring cutter 4.
[0011]
The shield body 2 is composed of a front shield 7 and a rear shield 8 that are flexibly connected by a spherical bearing 6. A plurality of shield jacks (for example, three machines) 9 are installed on the inner surface of the rear shield 8, and the spreader 10 of the shield jack 9 extends the new pipe 11 as a reaction force to make the excavator 1 excavate forward. It is.
[0012]
On the other hand, a cylindrical projecting shield 3 is provided at the front of the front shield 7, and a ring cutter 4 is rotatably provided so as to cover the projecting shield 3.
[0013]
The ring cutter 4 cuts and opens a connection port for connecting a new tunnel on the side surface of the existing tunnel, and a large number of cutter bits 14 for cutting the side surface of the existing tunnel are installed on the front surface thereof. A guide piece 15 bent inward is formed at the rear end of the ring cutter 4, and the guide piece 15 is installed on a guide section 16 of the protruding shield 3, and the slide of the ring cutter 4 is stabilized by the guide section 16. .
[0014]
The spreader 18 of the slide jack 17 installed on the inner surface of the front shield 7 is attached to the guide piece 15. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the spreader 18 is extended, the ring cutter 4 slides forward, and the ring cover 19 joined to the rear of the ring cutter 4 also slides along with the slide jack 17 and the guide portion 16. And is protected.
[0015]
On the inner surface of the ring cutter 4, three concave portions 20 are formed as fixing means for fixing a telescopic cutter described later, and a cushioning material 21, for example, a packing made of sponge is installed on the bottom of the concave portion 20.
[0016]
A bulkhead 22 is formed at the front of the protruding shield 3, and a driving device 25 including a driving motor 23 and a reduction gear 24 is installed on the bulkhead 22, and the driving device 25 is connected to the driving device 25 via a bearing 26. A cutter head 5 is provided.
[0017]
The cutter head 5 is located in front of the front shield 7, and three hollow cutter spokes 29 are radially installed in a central cylindrical portion 28, and a telescopic cutter 30 is housed in the cutter spoke 29. The telescopic cutter 30 is installed at the tip of a telescopic spoke 31 housed in the cutter spoke 29, and expands and contracts in a radial direction by a cylinder 32 in the cutter spoke 29. A large number of cutter bits (not shown) are provided on the front surface of the cutter spoke 29.
[0018]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the telescopic cutter 30 extends to the outer surface of the protruding shield 3 (the position where the outer surface of the protruding shield and the outer surface of the telescopic cutter become the same surface) by the extension of the cylinder 32, and the contraction of the cylinder 32 causes the contraction of the cylinder 32. It shrinks to the inside of the protruding shield 3.
[0019]
When the telescopic cutter 30 is contracted to the inside of the protruding shield 3 and the ring cutter 4 is protruded in front of the protruding shield 3, when the telescopic cutter 30 is extended in the radial direction, the telescopic cutter 30 is pushed into the recess 20. Can be rotated in the circumferential direction. The recess 20 is always located at a position where the telescopic cutter 30 is pushed.
[0020]
The tip of a discharging pipe 34 is provided in a pressure chamber 33 formed between the bulkhead 22 and the cutter head 5, and the excavated soil in the pressure chamber 33 is discharged by the discharging pipe 34.
[0021]
FIG. 4 shows an excavator 35 according to a second embodiment. The excavator 35 has a configuration in which the recess 20 serving as a fixing means is a fixing pad 36, and the other components are the same as those of the first embodiment. It has the same configuration as the excavator 1 of the embodiment. The fixing pad 36 fixes the telescopic cutter 30 to the ring cutter 4 by a frictional force, and has a frictional force that allows the ring cutter 4 to rotate.
[0022]
Next, a joining method using the excavator 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In this joining method, a new tunnel 41 is joined to a side surface of an existing tunnel 40 constructed underground.
[0023]
First, as shown in FIG. 5, the excavator 1 is excavated from the side of the existing tunnel 40 to about 1 m before. The excavator 1 excavates the ground 42 with the cutter head 5, while excavating the excavated soil from the pressure chamber 33 with the earth removal pipe 34, and excavating with the shield jack 9 taking a reaction force to the new pipe 11. is there.
[0024]
Then, as shown in FIG. 6, after the excavator 1 is stopped about 1 m from the side of the existing tunnel 40, the excavator 1 is further excavated by 30 cm.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the excavator 1 is excavated until the cutter head 5 contacts the side surface of the existing tunnel 40.
[0026]
Next, as shown in FIG. 8, when the excavator 1 is retracted from the side surface of the existing tunnel 40 to a position of about 30 cm, a small excavation space 43 is formed between the cutter head 5 and the existing tunnel 40.
[0027]
Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the telescopic cutter 30 is contracted to the inside of the protruding shield 3, and the ring cutter 4 is slid to the excavation space 43. Accordingly, the ring cover 19 slides, and the slide jack 17 and the guide portion 16 are protected.
[0028]
Next, as shown in FIG. 10, when the telescopic cutter 30 is extended and pushed into the concave portion 20 of the ring cutter, the ring cutter 4 can be rotated in the circumferential direction. When the telescopic cutter 30 is pushed into the recess 20, the cushioning material 21 at the bottom is crushed.
[0029]
Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the ring cutter 4 is advanced while being rotated by the telescopic cutter 30 to cut the side wall of the existing tunnel 40 and to fill the ground 44 of the cut portion with the injection port (near the cutter head 5). The ground improvement is performed by injecting a waterproof material 45 from a not shown).
[0030]
After the side wall of the existing tunnel 40 is cut in this way, as shown in FIG. 12, when the telescopic cutter 30 is contracted and pulled out from the concave portion 20, the ring cutter 4 is connected to the side wall of the existing tunnel 40.
[0031]
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, when the cutter head 5 and the driving device 25 are disassembled from the front shield 7 together with the protruding shield 3, a tunnel 46 including the shield main body 2 and the ring cutter 4 is formed.
[0032]
Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the cut side wall 47 of the existing tunnel is removed to form the connection port 12, and the new pipe 11 is propelled and installed inside the tunnel 46. It is joined to the existing tunnel 40.
[0033]
In addition to the joining method as described above, a new tunnel can be constructed by dismantling the shield body 2 and the ring cutter 4 together with the protruding shield 3 (see FIG. 13) and then propelling and installing the new pipe 11. .
[0034]
In the embodiment of the joining method described above, the excavator 1 of the first embodiment is used, but the same method can be used even with the excavator 35 of the second embodiment, and the same effect can be obtained. Play.
[0035]
Although the above-described joining method has been described based on the propulsion method, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a shield method.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
Underground connection of tunnels can be made at low cost and in a short period of time without any ground improvement. Further, an excavator capable of performing this joining can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an excavator according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an excavator with a ring cutter slid.
3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a plan view of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an excavator according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining method, in which an excavator is dug up to near a side surface of an existing tunnel.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining method, in which an excavator is dug up to near a side surface of an existing tunnel.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining method and excavating the excavator until the excavator contacts a side surface of an existing tunnel.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a joining method, in which an excavator that has been dug up to near a side surface of an existing tunnel is retracted.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an excavator showing a joining method, in which a telescopic jack is contracted to extend a ring cutter.
FIG. 10 shows a joining method, and is a cross-sectional view of an excavator in which a telescopic jack is extended and fixed to a ring cutter.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a joining method, in which a side wall of an existing tunnel is cut by a ring cutter.
FIG. 12 shows a joining method and is a cross-sectional view of an excavator in which a telescopic jack has been removed from a ring cutter.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an excavator showing a joining method and dismantling a protruding shield and a cutter head.
FIG. 14 shows a joining method and is a cross-sectional view in which a new tunnel is joined to an existing tunnel.
15A and 15B show a conventional joining method, in which (1) is a cross-sectional view in which a shaft is built in an existing tunnel, (2) is a cross-sectional view in which a shaft is built in the vicinity of the existing tunnel, and (3) is a cross-sectional view in which the existing tunnel is built. It is sectional drawing which improved the ground of the vicinity.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 35 Excavator 2 Shield body 3 Projection shield 4 Ring cutter 5 Cutter head 6 Spherical bearing 7 Front shield 8 Rear shield 9 Shield jack 10, 18 Spreader 11 New pipe 12 Connection port 14 Cutter bit 15 Guide piece 16 Guide section 17 Slide jack 19 ring cover 20 recess 21 cushioning material 22 bulkhead 23 drive motor 24 reduction gear 25 drive device 26 bearing 28 cylindrical portion 29 cutter spoke 30 telescopic cutter 31 telescopic spoke 32 cylinder 33 pressure chamber 34 drain pipe 36 fixing pad 40, 50 Existing tunnel 41, 51 New tunnel 42 Ground 43 Excavation space 44, 53 Ground 45 Waterproof material 46 Tunnel 47 Side wall 52 Vertical shaft

Claims (5)

A ring cutter slidable in the excavation direction and rotatable in the circumferential direction, installed at the front of the shield body, and installed at the front of the ring cutter, and expands and contracts radially from the tip of the cutter spoke. A cutter head having a telescopic cutter, wherein a telescopic cutter extending from the tip of a cutter spoke is fixed to fixing means on the inner surface of the ring cutter, and the ring cutter is rotated by rotation of the telescopic cutter. Tunnel excavator for medium junction. The underground joining tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the means for fixing the inner surface of the ring cutter is a recess provided with a cushioning material on the bottom or a fixing pad for frictionally fixing the telescopic cutter. A method of joining a new tunnel to a side surface of an existing tunnel constructed underground, wherein the tunnel excavator for underground joining according to claim 1 or 2 is excavated until it contacts the side surface of the existing tunnel. Then, while contracting the telescopic cutter of the cutter head to the inside of the ring cutter, sliding the ring cutter in the excavation direction, fixing the telescopic cutter extended in the radial direction to the fixing means on the inner surface thereof, and rotating the telescopic cutter. A tunnel underground joining method, wherein a ring cutter is extruded forward while rotating to cut a side surface of an existing tunnel. The underground joining method for a tunnel according to claim 3, wherein after cutting a side surface of the existing tunnel with a ring cutter, a waterproof material is injected into the ground outside the cut portion from inside the tunnel. 5. The tunnel ground according to claim 3, wherein after cutting a side surface of the existing tunnel with the ring cutter, the cutter head is disassembled and removed to construct a new tunnel inside the ring cutter and the shield body. 6. Medium joining method.

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