JPH1088973A - Shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure the water-stop property by starting a shield machine from a vertical shaft of a side wall which is formed of non-steel reinforcing material and concrete, and projecting a back filling material filling pipe from the peripheral surface of a skin plate, and directing a cutting mechanism to the peripheral side of the excavating machine and arranging freely to be appeared and disappeared. SOLUTION: This shield machine is started from a vertical shaft having a side wall, which is formed of non-steel reinforcing material and concrete, and a back filling material filling pipe 3 is provided from the peripheral surface of a skin plate 4. Continuously, a cutting mechanism 4 such as a telescopic jack 15, a support bracket 16 and a cutting roller 17 is arranged freely to be appeared and disappeared in relation to the peripheral side of the shield machine 10. With this structure, at the time of passing through a side wall, the cutting mechanism 14 is projected so as to scrape the side wall, and generation of catch of the back filling material filling pipe 3 is prevented. At the time of passing the excavating machine 10 through the side wall, cutting is performed by the cutting mechanism 14 so as to enable the water-cut. With this structure, even in the case where the back filling material filling pipe 3, which is projected outside, exists, water-stop property is sufficiently secured, and while the machine can start, pass through or achieve the side wall of the vertical shaft.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield excavator suitable for excavating a tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, a shield excavator is configured to rotate a cylindrical skin plate forming an outer shell, a disk-shaped cutter head having a cutter for excavating a ground, and a cutter head. The driving mechanism and the propulsion mechanism for excavating the excavator are provided. The excavator itself is advanced by the propulsion mechanism while rotating the cutter head by the drive mechanism, thereby excavating the ground and excavating the tunnel.

[0003] Such a shield excavator drills a hole in the side wall of a starting shaft at the starting point of a tunnel to be excavated.
Through this hole, the excavation goes from the shaft to the ground. At this time, the side wall of the starting shaft is usually made of reinforced concrete, and the reinforcing bar cannot be scraped off with the cutter head of the shield excavator. Holes need to be formed according to the outside diameter of the machine. However, if a shield excavator is started from this hole after making a hole in the side wall of the starting shaft, there is a problem that water stoppage cannot be secured. This problem is common to the arrival shaft when there is an arrival shaft.

In order to solve such a problem, a technique has recently been developed in which the side walls of the starting shaft and the reaching shaft are formed of concrete using a non-steel material as a reinforcing material instead of a reinforcing bar. As this non-steel material, for example, carbon fiber or the like that has high strength and is easy to cut is used, and thereby, the side walls of the starting shaft and the reaching shaft are directly shaved with the cutter head of the shield excavator. This makes it possible to secure water stoppage at the time of start or arrival.

[0005]

However, the conventional shield excavator as described above has the following problems. As shown in FIG. 4, the shield excavator 1 includes, between an inner peripheral surface of a hole H formed by excavation with the cutter head 2 and segments S, S,.
Backing material injection pipe 3 for filling backing material J such as mortar
Is provided. This backing material injection pipe 3
Is projected from the outer peripheral side of the skin plate 4, so that even if the side wall of the starting shaft formed using the non-steel material is shaved by the cutter head 2, the backing material injection pipe 3 is caught. Problem. For this reason,
In the case of using the shield excavator 1 having such a back-filled injection pipe 3, it becomes impossible to form the side wall of the starting shaft using the non-steel material.

To cope with this, the side wall of the starting shaft is
It is conceivable to pre-drill a position corresponding to the backing material injection pipe 3 with a core cutter or the like, but this does not ensure sufficient water stopping properties.

As still another method, a skin plate 4
It is conceivable to provide a sawtooth-shaped cutting member 5 at a position forward of the backing material injection pipe 3 and cut the side wall of the starting shaft with the cutting member 5 while excavating the shield excavator 1. There is a possibility that the rubber entrance packing provided in the penetrating portion of the side wall may be damaged by the cutting member 5 and the water stopping property may not be secured.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a shield excavator that starts from a shaft having a side wall made of a non-steel reinforcing material and concrete projects from a skin plate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield excavator capable of sufficiently securing water stoppage even when a back filling pipe is provided.

[0009]

The invention according to claim 1 is
A shield excavator to be started from a shaft having a side wall made of non-steel reinforcing material and concrete, wherein an outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical skin plate forming an outer shell of the shield excavator is filled with a backing material. A backing material filling mechanism for protruding is provided, and a cutting mechanism for cutting the side wall is provided on the front side of the backing material filling mechanism, toward the outer peripheral side of the shield excavator. It is characterized by being able to come and go freely.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the shield excavator according to the first aspect, the cutting mechanism is provided on a cutter head provided in front of the skin plate for excavating ground. The shield excavator is configured to be rotationally driven around the axis of the shield excavator integrally with the head.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2
The shield excavator according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cutting mechanism is configured to be driven so as to cut the side wall forward in the excavation direction of the shield excavator.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, first and second embodiments of a shield excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, portions common to FIG. 4 shown as a conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[First Embodiment] A shield excavator 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical skin plate 4 forming an outer shell thereof, and is provided in front of the skin plate 4 to excavate the ground. And a cutter head 12 provided with a cutter bit 11 for use. Such a shield excavator 10 is started from a starting shaft (in some cases, a reaching shaft) whose side wall is formed of a non-steel reinforcing material and concrete. Here, as the non-steel reinforcing material, the cutter head 1 having high strength such as carbon fiber is used.
The one which is easy to cut in 2 is used.

Although not shown, a drive mechanism for rotating and driving the cutter head 12, a mud pipe for discharging the excavated earth and sand, and a segment are provided in the skin plate 4, similarly to a normal shield excavator. A segment assembling apparatus for assembling S into a predetermined shape;
A propulsion jack or the like is provided for moving the shield excavator 10 forward by obtaining a reaction force at S,. The inner peripheral surface of the hole H excavated by the cutter head 12 and the assembled segments S,
A backing material injection pipe (backing material filling mechanism) 3 for filling a backing material J such as mortar is provided between the outer peripheral surfaces of S,. The backing material injection pipe 3 is provided so as to protrude to the outer peripheral side of the skin plate 4.

The cutter head 12 of such a shield excavator 10 is provided with a cutting mechanism 14. The cutting mechanism 14 is provided on the back side of the cutter surface 12 a of the cutter head 12. The cutting mechanism 14 can be driven to expand and contract in the radial direction of the cutter head 12, and a support bracket attached to the distal end of the expandable jack 15. 16 and a cutting roller 17 rotatably supported by the support bracket 16. The cutting roller 17 is supported by a rotating shaft (not shown) extending in a direction orthogonal to the cutter surface 12a of the cutter head 12, and is pressed against a concrete side wall to rotate. The cutting roller 17 is shaped so that its diameter gradually increases from the front to the rear.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting mechanism 14 is configured such that the cutting roller 17 is housed inside the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 12 when the expansion jack 15 is contracted. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the extensible jack 15 is extended, a part of the cutting roller 17 projects outside the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 12.
Then, the cutting roller 17 is made to protrude to the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 12, and the cutter roller 12 is rotated.
By rotating this, the side wall and ground of the shaft on the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 12 can be excavated.

In order to excavate a tunnel by using such a shield excavator 10, the shield excavator 10 is first lowered into a start shaft (not shown), and then the cutter head 12 is driven to rotate on the side wall of the start shaft. To start.
At this time, since the side wall of the starting shaft is formed using a non-steel material having high strength such as carbon fiber and easy to cut, the cutter head 12 easily penetrates the side wall of the starting shaft. You can dig into the ground.

When the cutting mechanism 14 passes through the entrance packing and reaches the side wall of the starting shaft, the cutter head 12 is rotated to move the cutting mechanism 14 to a position corresponding to the backing material injection pipe 3. , Telescopic jack 1
5 is extended so that the cutting roller 17 projects outward. Next, by rotating the cutting roller 17,
The side wall of the portion through which the backing material injection pipe 3 passes is cut. After the cutting mechanism 14 passes through the side wall of the starting shaft and reaches the ground, as shown in FIG.
The cutting roller 17 is housed in the cutter head 12.

Thereafter, as the shield excavator 10 is excavated, when the backing material injection pipe 3 passes through the side wall of the starting shaft, the side wall of that portion has already been cut by the cutting mechanism 14, so that it is not caught. Can pass smoothly.

When the ground to be excavated is a hard ground, as shown in FIG. 1, the portion through which the backing material injection pipe 3 passes is cut by the cutting mechanism 14 even during excavation. Further, when there is a reaching shaft in the tunnel to be constructed, the side wall is cut by the cutter head 12 and the cutting mechanism 14 is also cut by the cutting mechanism 14 on the reaching shaft side in the same manner as described above.

The above-described shield excavator 10 is started from a shaft having a side wall made of a non-steel reinforcing material and concrete, and the backing material injection pipe 3 projects from the outer peripheral surface of the skin plate 4. The cutting mechanism 14 is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract toward the outer peripheral side of the shield excavator 10. Thereby, when passing through the side wall of the shaft, the cutting mechanism 14 is projected to cut the side wall, so that the back injection pipe 3 can be passed without being caught. Further, since the cutting by the cutting mechanism 14 is performed when the shield excavator 10 is made to penetrate the side wall of the shaft, high waterproofness can be secured. Furthermore, even if there is an entrance packing in the starting shaft,
After passing through the entrance packing, the cutting mechanism 14
The projection does not hurt this at all. In this way, when the shield excavator 10 is started from the shaft having the side wall made of the non-steel reinforcing material and the concrete, the shield excavator 10 has the backing material injection pipe 3 protruding to the outer peripheral side. Also in this case, it is possible to start, pass, and reach the side wall of the shaft while sufficiently securing the water stoppage.

Further, a cutting mechanism 14 is provided on the cutter head 12 and is configured to be driven to rotate integrally with the cutter head 12. This eliminates the need for the cutting mechanism 14 itself to have a mechanism for rotating the cutting mechanism 14 around the axis of the shield excavator 10, thereby simplifying the mechanism and reducing the cost.

[Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment of the shield excavator according to the present invention will be described.
Here, an example in which a cutting mechanism is provided in a skin plate will be described. In the second embodiment described below, the same reference numerals are given to configurations common to the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shield excavator 20
Is roughly composed of a cylindrical skin plate 21 and a cutter head 2, and a backing material injection tube 3 is provided on the skin plate 21 so as to protrude to the outer peripheral side. Such a shield excavator 20 starts the side wall from a starting shaft (in some cases, a reaching shaft) formed of a non-steel reinforcing material such as carbon fiber and concrete and concrete.

Although not shown, a drive mechanism for rotating and driving the cutter head 2, a mud pipe for discharging excavated earth and sand backward, and a segment assembling apparatus for assembling the segment S into a predetermined shape are arranged in the skin plate 21. , The assembled segments S, S,... Are provided with a propulsion jack for obtaining a reaction force to advance the shield excavator 20.

Further, a cutting mechanism 24 is provided in the skin plate 21. The cutting mechanism 24 is integrally mounted on the drive shaft 26 of the cutter head 2 in front of the bulkhead 25, and has a telescopic jack 27 that can be driven to expand and contract in the radial direction of the cutter head 2.
And a cutting roller 30 rotatably supported by a support bracket (not shown) and rotatably driven by the drive motor 28 via a transmission mechanism 29 such as a sprocket chain. Have been.

A number of cutting bits 31, 31,... Are embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the cutting roller 30. The cutting roller 30 is rotatable around an axis orthogonal to the axis of the shield excavator 20. Such a cutting roller 30 is driven to rotate by a drive motor 28 in the direction of the arrow in the figure. Thereby, the cutting roller 30 is configured to cut the object to be cut in the same direction as the excavation direction.

When the extensible jack 27 is contracted, the cutting mechanism 30 moves the cutting roller 30 to the skin plate 21.
When the telescopic jack 27 is extended, a part of the cutting roller 30 projects outside the skin plate 21.

In order to excavate a tunnel with such a shield excavator 20, like the shield excavator 10 (see FIG. 1) shown in the first embodiment, the tunnel has high strength such as carbon fiber. A side wall of a starting shaft (not shown) formed by using a non-steel material that is easy to cut is excavated by the cutter head 2 to dig into the ground. When the cutting mechanism 24 passes through the entrance packing and reaches the side wall of the starting shaft, the cutting mechanism 24 is moved to a position corresponding to the backing material injection pipe 3 by rotating the cutter head 2, Extend the extendable jack 27 and cut the roller 30
To protrude. Next, by rotating the cutting roller 30, the side wall of the portion through which the backing material injection pipe 3 is passed is cut. After the cutting mechanism 24 has passed the side wall of the starting shaft, the telescopic jack 27 is contracted, and the cutting roller 3
0 is stored in the skin plate 21.

Thereafter, when the shield excavator 20 is excavated, when the backing material injection pipe 3 passes through the side wall of the starting shaft, the side wall of that portion is already cut, so that it can pass smoothly without being caught. .

If the ground to be excavated is a hard ground, the cutting mechanism 24 also uses the backing material injection pipe 3 during excavation.
So that the part where passes through is cut. Further, when there is a reaching shaft in the tunnel to be constructed, the side wall is also cut by the cutter head 2 and the side wall is cut by the cutting mechanism 24 on the reaching shaft side in the same manner as described above.

The shield excavator 20 described above also
The same effect as the shield excavator 10 (see FIG. 1) shown in the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the cutting roller 30 of the cutting mechanism 24 is driven to rotate so as to cut forward in the digging direction. Thereby, when excavating the side wall and ground of the shaft by the cutting mechanism 24 while excavating the shield excavator 20, the cutting direction and the excavation direction are the same, so that cutting can be performed efficiently.

In the second embodiment, the cutting mechanism 24 is installed in front of the bulkhead 25. However, as long as the cutting mechanism 24 is installed in front of the backing material injection pipe 3, it does not matter where it is installed. . Further, the cutting mechanism 24 is provided integrally with the drive shaft 26 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the shield excavator 20. However, if the cutting mechanism 24 is provided at a position in front of the backing material injection pipe 3, it cannot rotate. It may be configured.

Although the cutting roller 30 is driven to rotate forward in the digging direction, it is needless to say that the cutting roller 30 may be driven to rotate in the opposite direction. Further, as a drive mechanism for rotating the cutting roller 30, a different structure such as a configuration in which the rotational driving force of the cutter head 12 is transmitted via a gear or the like can be employed.

In the first and second embodiments, the shape of the cutting rollers 17 and 30 and the type of bit to be provided may be any as long as they can efficiently cut the side wall of the shaft.

In addition, shield excavators 10 and 20
It does not matter what the configuration of the other part is. For example, the same effect as described above can be obtained regardless of the configuration of the back injection tube 3 and the like.

[0037]

As described above, according to the shield excavator according to the first aspect, there is provided a shield excavator that is started from a shaft having a side wall made of a non-steel reinforcing material and concrete, The backing material filling mechanism is provided to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the plate, and the cutting mechanism is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract toward the outer peripheral side of the shield excavator. As a result, when passing through the side wall of the shaft,
By cutting the side wall by projecting the cutting mechanism to the outer peripheral side of the shield excavator, the back filling mechanism can be passed without being caught. In addition, since the cutting mechanism is used to penetrate the shield excavator through the side wall of the shaft, a higher water-stopping property is ensured as compared with a conventional case in which drilling is performed prior to the start of the shield excavator. be able to. Furthermore, even if there is an entrance packing in the shaft on the starting side, by projecting the cutting mechanism after passing through the entrance packing, there is no damage to this. In this way, the shield excavator
When starting from a shaft with a side wall made of non-steel reinforcement and concrete, even if this shield excavator has a backing material filling mechanism that protrudes to the outer peripheral side, it is necessary to ensure sufficient water stoppage. Can start, pass, and reach the side wall of the shaft.

According to the shield excavator of the second aspect,
A cutting mechanism is provided on the cutter head, and is configured to be rotationally driven integrally with the cutter head. This allows
The cutting mechanism itself does not need to be provided with a mechanism for rotating the cutting mechanism around the axis of the shield excavator, so that the mechanism can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

According to the shield excavator of the third aspect,
The cutting mechanism is configured to be driven so as to cut forward in the digging direction. Thereby, when excavating the side wall or the ground of the shaft by the cutting mechanism while the shield excavator is excavated, the cutting direction and the excavation direction are the same, so that the cutting can be performed efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of a shield excavator according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which a cutting mechanism provided in the shield excavator is housed.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the shield excavator according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a conventional shield excavator, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2,12 cutter head 3 backing material injection pipe (backing material filling mechanism) 4,21 skin plate 10,20 shield excavator 14,24 cutting mechanism J backing material

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A shield excavator to be started from a shaft having a side wall made of a non-steel reinforcing material and concrete, wherein an outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical skin plate forming an outer shell of the shield excavator is provided. A backing material filling mechanism for filling the backing material is provided so as to protrude, and a cutting mechanism for cutting the side wall is provided on a front side of the backing material filling mechanism, and A shield excavator characterized in that it can freely move in and out toward an outer peripheral side. 2. The shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cutting mechanism is provided on a cutter head provided in front of the skin plate for excavating ground.
A shield excavator, wherein the shield excavator is configured to rotate around the axis of the shield excavator integrally with the cutter head. 3. The shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cutting mechanism is driven so as to cut the side wall toward the front in the excavation direction of the shield excavator. And shield excavator.