JP6124283B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator that excavates a tunnel in the ground.

  A tunnel excavator is a device that constructs a tunnel in the ground while pushing a steel cylinder or frame into the ground. The main equipment is a shield machine or a tunnel boring machine (hereinafter referred to as “TBM”). For example).

  Shield machines are mainly used for excavation for relatively soft geology, such as in the formation of urban subways and sewers. On the other hand, TBM is used for excavation of relatively hard geology, such as mainly used for the formation of mountain railways and power transmission channels, and has the advantage of faster excavation speed than other construction methods. Therefore, it is used when speed is required to build a tunnel.

  In any case, a cutter head that rotates along the circumferential direction of the cylinder or the frame is installed at the tip of the cylinder or the frame that constitutes the tunnel excavator. In the front surface of the cutter head, a plurality of excavation bits such as a roller cutter and a roller bit are regularly arranged. When excavating a tunnel, the rock head or the like is excavated by rotating the cutter head while pressing the excavation bit on the front face of the cutter head against the face (excavation surface) (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-246095 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-995 JP-A-9-189194 JP 2002-227593 A

  FIG. 22 shows an arrangement example of the excavation bits 52 in the plane of the cutter head 51 of the tunnel excavator. Each excavation bit 52 is arranged so that the excavation site (side surface) faces the front. This is because it is preferable to excavate the ground G because it is possible to stably apply a force to the ground G when the excavation part of the excavation bit 52 faces the front.

  However, when the outermost excavation bit 52 is also arranged so as to face the front, the outer rotary shaft 52x that supports the outermost excavation bit 52 comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel T as shown by the portion surrounded by the broken line. May end up. In order to avoid this, it is conceivable to eliminate the outer rotary shaft 52x of the outermost drill bit 52 and support the outermost drill bit 52 only by the inner rotary shaft 52x. It is difficult to secure the support strength of the bit 52.

  Therefore, the outermost excavation bit 52 may be inclined outward. FIG. 23 shows a case where the excavation site of the outermost excavation bit 52 is inclined outward. In this case, it is possible to avoid the problem that the rotation shaft 52x outside the outermost digging bit 52 contacts the inner wall surface of the tunnel T while the outermost digging bit 52 is supported by the two outer and outer rotation shafts 52x.

  However, when the excavation part of the outermost excavation bit 52 is inclined outward, as shown in the part surrounded by a broken line, stress concentrates on the inner corner of the outermost excavation bit 52, and as a result, the outermost excavation bit There is a problem in that the inner corners of 52 are extremely worn and are reduced.

  Thus, even if only the inner corner of the outermost drill bit 52 is worn, the outermost drill bit 52 must be replaced. However, the outermost drill bit 52 is difficult to attach and detach from the viewpoint of the arrangement position. In addition, replacing one excavation bit 52 requires a large-scale operation such as carrying in and out of the internal equipment of the tunnel excavator, which causes a problem that the construction period of the tunnel excavation work is greatly delayed.

  In particular, in the case of the TBM method, since the hard rock is mainly excavated, the excavation bit 52 is easily worn. For this reason, there is a problem that the replacement frequency of the outermost excavation bit 52 increases, the operating rate of the cutter decreases, and the advantage of the TBM that the excavation speed is high is impaired.

  There is also a problem that the material cost becomes high because the entire excavation bit 52 must be replaced only by a part of the outermost excavation bit 52 being worn. In particular, since TBM is expensive, how to reduce the construction cost is an important issue.

  The present invention has been made from the technical background described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of improving the life of a drilling bit of a tunnel excavator.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the tunnel excavator according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1 is a cutter head that is supported at the tip of the excavator body in the traveling direction so as to be rotatable along the circumferential direction of the excavator body. And an excavation site for excavating the ground is directed outward in the radial direction of the cutter head on the outermost first rotation locus in the front surface of the cutter head. The first excavation member provided in such an inclined state and a state in which the excavation can be performed so as to excavate the ground on the second rotation trajectory inside the first rotation trajectory in the front surface of the cutter head. A second excavation member provided such that an excavation site excavating the ground faces the front in the advancing direction of the excavator body, and the first rotation locus in front of the cutter head and the front An inclination angle of the excavation site of the first excavation member is provided in a state where the excavation site can excavate the ground on a third rotation trajectory between the second rotation trajectory and the excavation site excavating the ground. Bei example and a third drilling member provided in an inclined so as to face the radially outer side of the cutter head at a small inclination angle than the first drilling member, the drilling member of the second and the third The side surfaces of the three excavation members are mutually continuous on the rotation locus, and the excavation line formed by these side surfaces is continuous and extends from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the cutter head. It is characterized by that.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the outermost excavation member of the cutter head is a truncated cone shape.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the gripper provided in the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the excavator body is provided in a state in which the excavator body can come into contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel in order to obtain a reaction force. It is a TBM main body provided with.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the stress applied to the outermost digging member can be alleviated, so that the life of the digging member of the tunnel excavator can be improved.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the inclination angle of the outermost drilling member can be made moderate with respect to the inclination angle of the inner drilling member, the outermost drilling member and its inner Stress applied between the excavation member can be reduced. For this reason, it becomes possible to improve the lifetime of the excavation member of a tunnel excavator.

  Moreover, according to the invention of Claim 3, the lifetime of a digging member can be improved and the replacement frequency can be lowered. For this reason, since the operating rate of the TBM cutter can be improved, excavation work utilizing the advantage of the TBM that the excavation speed is fast becomes possible.

It is explanatory drawing of the whole structure which looked at the excavator main body which comprises the tunnel excavator which is one embodiment of this invention from the side surface. It is sectional drawing of the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the III-III line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the IV-IV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the VV line of FIG. It is a front view of the cutter head of the excavation main body of FIG. It is the front view of the cutter head which showed the rotation locus | trajectory of the roller bit by rotation of a cutter head. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the roller bit of the front center of the cutter head of FIG. 6 from the side surface side. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the roller bit of the front center of the cutter head of FIG. 6 from the side surface side. It is explanatory drawing of the roller bit between the front center of the cutter head of FIG. 6, and a front outermost periphery. It is explanatory drawing of the outermost roller bit of the cutter head of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the arrangement | sequence of several roller bits of a cutter head. It is a flowchart of the tunnel excavation processing work using the excavator main body of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in tunnel excavation processing operation. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the excavator main body in the tunnel excavation processing operation following FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the example of arrangement | positioning of the excavation bit in the surface of the cutter head of a tunnel excavator. It is explanatory drawing which showed the case where the excavation site | part of the outermost excavation bit in the surface of the cutter head of a tunnel excavator was inclined outward.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment as an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the overall configuration of the excavator body constituting the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment as viewed from the side, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. In FIG. 1, the inside of the excavator body is shown through.

  The tunnel excavator of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, a double-cylinder shield type TBM, and a hydraulic pipe inclined shaft of a power plant is pushed while a TBM main body (excavator main body) 1 constituting the tunnel excavator is pushed into the ground. And equipment for building excavations such as access tunnels in various underground cavities in the ground.

  The TBM main body 1 is formed of, for example, a cylindrical steel cylinder, and integrally includes a front barrel portion 1F, a middle barrel portion 1M, and a rear barrel portion 1B along the longitudinal direction thereof. The excavation outer diameter of the TBM main body 1 is, for example, 1500 mm, which is a relatively small diameter. The total length of the TBM body 1 is, for example, about 6360 mm. The excavation speed is, for example, 1.5 cm / min.

  A cutter head 2 is centered on the central axis of the TBM main body 1 by a cutter driving motor 3 installed in the front trunk portion 1F on the front surface of the front trunk portion 1F of the TBM main body 1 (front surface of the TBM main body 1 in the excavation progress direction). And installed in a rotatable state along the circumferential direction of the TBM main body 1.

  The outer shape of the cutter head 2 is formed in a disk shape substantially equal to that of the TBM main body 1. Further, the surface of the cutter head 2 that faces the face is formed in a substantially truncated cone shape. That is, on the front surface of the cutter head 2, a tapered surface is formed from the outermost periphery toward the center, and a circular flat surface is formed at the center.

  A plurality of roller bits (excavating members) 4 are regularly arranged on the front surface of the cutter head 2 so as to be rotatable so as to excavate the ground. The roller bit 4 is a member that excavates the face with the rotation of the cutter head 2 while being pressed against the rock due to the propulsive force applied to the TBM main body 1. The arrangement of the roller bit 4 will be described in detail later.

  Further, the cutter head 2 has an opening (not shown in FIGS. 1 to 5) penetrating between the front surface and the rear surface. Excavated soil generated by the excavation process is accommodated in a hopper 5 installed inside the TBM main body 1 through the opening of the cutter head 2.

  The hopper 5 is installed below the rear surface of the cutter head 2. The hopper 5 is connected to a soil removal tank (not shown) outside the mine via a soil discharge pipe 6, and further connected to a vacuum suction device (not shown) of a vacuum soil removal method (vacuum method) combined with air. . The excavated soil accommodated in the hopper 5 is sucked by the vacuum suction device and is accommodated in the soil discharge tank through the soil discharge pipe 6.

  A scraping plate 11 is joined to the rear surface of the cutter head 2. The scraping plate 11 is a member that scrapes the excavated soil accumulated at the bottom of the TBM main body 1 and accommodates it in the hopper 5 while rotating following the rotation of the cutter head 2.

  A front trunk gripper 12 is installed on the outer periphery of the front trunk portion 1F of the TBM main body 1. The front trunk gripper 12 is a member for fixing the TBM main body 1 after excavation of the ground, and is installed at, for example, four locations along the outer periphery of the front trunk section 1F as shown in FIG.

  Each front trunk gripper 12 is provided with a fixing member 12a that can be expanded and contracted along the radial direction of the TBM main body 1, and the TBM main body 1 is fixed by extending the fixing member 12a and pressing it against the wall surface of the tunnel. It has become so.

  In addition, a direction correcting jack 13 is installed in the boundary region between the front body portion 1F and the middle body portion 1M of the TBM main body 1. The direction correction jack 13 is a member that connects the front body portion 1F and the middle body portion 1M and corrects the excavation direction of the TBM main body 1. The propulsion direction of the TBM main body 1 is changed by supplying pressure oil to the direction correcting jack 13 and propelling the TBM main body 1 in a state where the front barrel portion 1F and the middle barrel portion 1M are refracted in a predetermined direction and angle. It is possible to control.

  Further, a propulsion jack 14 is installed in the middle body portion 1M of the TBM main body 1 so as to be extendable and contractable along the longitudinal direction of the TBM main body 1. The propulsion jack 14 is a member for propelling the TBM main body 1, and is installed at, for example, four locations along the outer periphery of the middle trunk portion 1M as shown in FIG.

  Further, a rear trunk gripper 15 and a slip-off preventing jack 16 are installed on the outer periphery of the rear trunk portion 1B of the TBM main body 1.

  The rear trunk gripper 15 is a member for fixing the TBM main body 1 during excavation to obtain an excavation reaction force. As shown in FIG. 4, the rear trunk gripper 15 is installed, for example, at two locations on the outer peripheral side surfaces of the TBM main body 1. Each rear trunk gripper 15 is provided with a fixing member 15a that can be expanded and contracted along the radial direction of the TBM body 1, and the TBM body 1 is fixed by extending the fixing member 15a and pressing it against the wall surface of the tunnel. It has become so.

  The slip prevention jack 16 is a member for obtaining a reaction force for preventing slipping, and is installed in a stretchable state along the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the anti-sliding jacks 16 are disposed, for example, at two locations on the outer peripheral bottom of the TBM main body 1. When it is difficult to secure the reaction force by the rear trunk gripper 15 in the poor geological part, the reaction force can be obtained by pressing the anti-skid jack 16 against the segment assembled in the TBM main body 1. As described above, since the method of taking the digging reaction force can be changed according to the state of geology and the like, the speed of building the tunnel can be increased. Moreover, a tunnel can be formed safely.

  6 is a front view of the cutter head 2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a front view of the cutter head showing the rotation locus of the roller bit 4 by the rotation of the cutter head 2. FIG. 6 and 7, hatching indicates the opening that penetrates between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter head 2.

  The cutter head 2 includes, for example, a frame portion 2F, two spoke portions 2Sa and 2Sb installed so as to be orthogonal to each other in the frame portion 2F, a scraper tooth 2St joined to the spoke portion 2Sa, and two And four overhang portions 2h installed so as to overhang between the spoke portions 2Sa and 2Sb.

  For example, two cone head type roller bits 4A and 4A (4) are installed in a rotatable state at the intersection of the spoke portions 2Sa and 2Sb on the rotation trajectory R1 at the front center of the cutter head 2. .

  Further, for example, two drum-type roller bits 4B and 4B (4) are installed in a rotatable state on the spoke portion 2Sa on the rotation locus R2 that is one outer side of the center rotation locus R1.

  Further, for example, two drum-type roller bits (second excavation members) 4C, 4C (4) are provided on the spoke portion 2Sb on the rotation locus (second rotation locus) R3 that is one outside of the rotation locus R2. ) Is installed in a rotatable state.

  Further, for example, two drum-type roller bits (third excavation members) 4D, 4D (4) are provided on the spoke portion 2Sa on the rotation locus (third rotation locus) R4 on the outer side of the rotation locus R3. ) Is installed in a rotatable state.

  Further, for example, drum-type roller bits (first excavation members) 4E, 4E (4) are provided on each overhang portion 2h on the outermost rotation locus (first rotation locus) R5 in front of the cutter head 2. ) Is installed in a rotatable state. An arrangement angle θ1 of the roller bit 4E with respect to the center axis of the cutter head 2 is, for example, 40 °.

  A plurality of protruding blades 4s are spread on the side surfaces (excavation sites) of these roller bits 4A to 4E in a state of protruding from the side surfaces of the roller bits 4A to 4E. The protruding blade 4s is made of a cemented carbide such as tungsten carbide. The protruding blades 4s are spread on the side surfaces of the roller bits 4A to 4E, but in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the protruding blades 4s are thinned out to make the drawings easy to see.

  Next, FIGS. 8 and 9 are explanatory views of the roller bit 4A at the front center of the cutter head 2 in FIG. 6 as viewed from the side, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the roller bits 4B to 4D in FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the outermost roller bit 4E of the cutter head 2, and FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of the roller bits 4A to 4E of the cutter head 2. In FIG. 12, the roller bits 4A to 4E are shown in an overlapping manner.

  The center roller bits 4A and 4A shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are formed in a conical shape, for example, and as shown in FIG. 12, the side surfaces (excavation sites) of the roller bits 4A and 4A are located in front of the excavation direction. The roller bits 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> A are installed with their rotation axes inclined toward the front center of the cutter head 2 so that they face each other.

  These roller bits 4A and 4A are attached to the cutter head 2 by bolts 20a as shown in FIG. 8, and can be attached and detached from the rear surface side of the cutter head 2 as shown in FIG. It has become.

  Next, the roller bits 4B to 4D shown in FIG. 10 are formed in a columnar shape, for example, and are installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft portion 4x in a state where the outer peripheral portion 4p is rotatable via a bearing portion 4r. These roller bits 4 </ b> B to 4 </ b> D are also attached to the cutter head 2 by bolts 20 b and are configured to be detachable from the rear surface side of the cutter head 2.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 12, among the roller bits 4B to 4D, the roller bits 4B and 4C are installed such that the side surfaces (excavation sites) face the front in the excavation direction. On the other hand, the outer roller bits 4D are installed in an inclined state so that the side surface (excavation site) faces the radially outer side of the cutter head 2.

  Next, the outermost roller bit 4E shown in FIG. 11 is formed in, for example, a truncated cone shape, and, like the roller bit 4B described above, the outer peripheral portion via the bearing portion 4r outside the rotating shaft portion 4x. 4p is installed in a rotatable state. The roller bit 4E is also attached to the cutter head 2 by a bolt 20c, and is configured to be detachable from the rear surface side of the cutter head 2.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the outermost roller bit 4 </ b> E is installed in an inclined state so that the side surface (excavation site) faces the radially outer side of the cutter head 2. However, the inclination angle of the side surface of the outermost roller bit 4E is larger than the inclination angle of the side surface of the roller bit 4D on the inner side.

  That is, in the present embodiment, the inclination angle of the side surface is on the outermost periphery on the rotation locus R4 between the roller bit 4E on the outermost rotation locus R5 and the roller bit 4C on the central rotation locus R3. A roller bit 4D set smaller than the inclination angle of the side surface of the roller bit 4E is provided.

  In this way, by arranging the roller bit 4D between the roller bits 4C and 4E, excavation formed on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 2 from the roller bit 4C to the roller bit 4E on the side surfaces of the roller bits 4C to 4E. The line is inclined gently toward the outer periphery of the cutter head 2. As a result, the stress applied to a part of the innermost portion of the outermost roller bit 4E during the excavation process can be relieved, so that the life of the outermost roller bit 4E can be improved.

  Further, when the outermost roller bit 4E is formed in a columnar shape, the side surface of the outermost roller bit 4E is inclined in order to prevent the rotation shaft portion 4x outside the roller bit 4E from coming into contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel. The angle must be large. Therefore, since the inclination angle of the side surface of the roller bit 4E becomes steep with respect to the inclination angle of the side surface of the roller bit 4D, stress is concentrated on the inner part of the outermost roller bit 4E or the outer part of the roller bit 4D during the excavation process. There is.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the outermost roller bit 4E has a truncated cone shape so that the rotation shaft portion 4x outside the roller bit 4E does not come into contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel. , The inclination angle of the side surface of the outermost roller bit 4E can be made gentle relative to the inclination angle of the side surface of the inner roller bit 4D. For this reason, stress applied to the inner part of the outermost roller bit 4E or the outer part of the roller bit 4D during the excavation process can be alleviated, so that the life of the outermost roller bits 4E and 4D can be improved.

  If the structure of this embodiment is not adopted, the roller bit 4E must be replaced even if a part of the outermost roller bit 4E is worn. It is difficult to attach and detach from the viewpoint of the arrangement position, and in order to replace one roller bit 4E, a large-scale operation such as carrying in and out of the internal device of the TBM main body 1 is required. For this reason, there is a problem that the construction period of the tunnel excavation work is greatly delayed. Moreover, since the operating rate of the cutter of the TBM main body 1 is lowered, there is also a problem that the advantage of the TBM method that the excavation speed is high is impaired.

  In addition, even if a part of the outermost roller bit 4E is worn, the entire roller bit 4E has to be replaced. In particular, since TBM is expensive, how to reduce the construction cost is an important issue.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the life of the roller bit 4E can be improved and the replacement frequency can be reduced, so that the construction period of the tunnel excavation work can be shortened. In particular, since the operating rate of the cutter of the TBM main body 1 can be improved, excavation work that takes advantage of the TBM method of high excavation speed can be performed.

  In addition, since the life of the outermost roller bit 4E can be improved, the material cost can be reduced, and the cost of tunnel excavation work can be reduced. For this reason, use of expensive TBM can be promoted.

  Next, the tunnel excavation processing operation by the TBM main body 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 21 along the flowchart of FIG.

  14-21 is explanatory drawing of the TBM main body 1 in a tunnel excavation process. Here, for example, an upward oblique tunnel excavation process will be described. Note that the inclination angle θ2 of the upward oblique tunnel is, for example, about 20 °. Moreover, the code | symbol SG has shown the segment which functions as a sliding prevention member.

  First, as shown in FIG. 14, the fixing member 15a of the rear trunk gripper 15 is stretched and pressed against the inner wall surface of the tunnel to fix the TBM main body 1 (step 100 in FIG. 13), and then, as shown in FIG. The jack 14 is extended forward in the longitudinal direction of the TBM main body 1 to perform a digging operation (step 101 in FIG. 13). Thus, the ground is excavated by rotating the cutter head 2 in a state where the plurality of roller bits (excavating members) 4 on the front surface of the cutter head 2 are pressed against the ground.

  Subsequently, when the propulsion jack 14 is fully extended, the rotation of the cutter head 2 is stopped, and the fixing member 12a of the front trunk gripper 12 is stretched while the reaction force is obtained by the rear trunk gripper 15, as shown in FIG. The TBM main body 1 is fixed to the inner wall surface (step 102 in FIG. 13).

  After that, as shown in FIG. 17, the fixing member 15a of the rear trunk gripper 15 is contracted to release the fixed state by the rear trunk gripper 15 (step 103 in FIG. 13), and then, as shown in FIG. The middle barrel portion 1M and the rear barrel portion 1B are pulled forward to draw forward, and the anti-slip jack 16 is extended rearward in the longitudinal direction of the TBM main body 1 and pressed against the segment SG (see FIG. 13). Step 104).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 19, in a state where the TBM main body 1 is fixed by the front trunk gripper 12, the fixing member 15a of the rear trunk gripper 15 is extended and pressed against the inner wall surface of the tunnel to fix the TBM main body 1 (FIG. 13). Step 105).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 20, after the TBM body 1 is fixed with the front trunk gripper 12 and the rear trunk gripper 15, the sliding prevention jack 16 is shrunk and pulled forward, and then an empty area behind the sliding prevention jack 16. After inserting a new segment SG (step 106 in FIG. 13), as shown in FIG. 21, the fixing member 12a of the front trunk gripper 12 is contracted to release the fixed state of the TBM main body 1 by the front trunk gripper 12 ( Step 107 in FIG.

  Thereafter, the completion of the excavation work is confirmed (step 108 in FIG. 13). If the excavation work is not completed, steps 101 to 107 are repeated. If the excavation work is completed, the excavation work is completed (step 109 in FIG. 13). .

  Thus, in the present embodiment, excavation work can be performed safely and at high speed by the TBM body 1 even in an upward oblique tunnel.

  As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the embodiment disclosed in this specification is an example in all respects and is limited to the disclosed technology. It should be considered not a thing. That is, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed restrictively based on the description in the above-described embodiment, but should be construed according to the description of the scope of claims. All modifications are included without departing from the technical scope equivalent to the described technique and the gist of the claims.

  For example, the shape of the roller bit 4D of the above embodiment may be a conical ellipse. Thereby, the outward inclination angle of the side surface of the roller bit 4D can be adjusted.

  Further, a plurality of roller bits 4D may be arranged between the roller bit 4C on the center side in front of the cutter head 2 and the roller bit 4E on the outermost periphery. Also in this case, the inclination angle of each side surface (cutting part) of the plurality of roller bits 4D is gradually increased toward the outer periphery.

  In the above description, the case where the present invention is applied to the excavation process of the upward oblique tunnel has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this and can also be applied to the excavation process of the horizontal tunnel.

1 TBM body (excavator body)
2 Cutter head 3 Cutter drive motor 4, 4A-4E Roller bit (excavating member)
4p outer peripheral part 4r bearing part 4s projecting blade 4x rotating shaft 5 hopper 6 earth removing pipe 11 scraping plate 12 front trunk gripper 13 direction correcting jack 14 propulsion jack 15 rear trunk gripper 16 anti-slip jack

Claims (3)

A cutter head supported at a tip of the excavator main body in a traveling direction so as to be rotatable along a circumferential direction of the excavator main body;
It is provided in a rotatable state so as to excavate the ground on the outermost first rotation trajectory in the front surface of the cutter head so that the excavation site for excavating the ground faces the radially outer side of the cutter head. A first excavation member provided in an inclined state;
The excavator is provided in a rotatable state so as to excavate the ground on a second rotational trajectory inside the first rotational trajectory in the front surface of the cutter head, and an excavation site for excavating the ground is the excavator body A second drilling member provided to face the front of the traveling direction of
It is provided in a rotatable state so as to excavate the ground on a third rotational trajectory between the first rotational trajectory and the second rotational trajectory in the front surface of the cutter head, and excavates the ground. A third excavation member provided in a state where the excavation site is inclined so as to face the radially outer side of the cutter head at an inclination angle smaller than the inclination angle of the excavation site of the first excavation member;
Bei to give a,
The side surfaces of the first excavation member, the second excavation member, and the third excavation member are continuous with each other on the rotation locus, and the excavation line formed by these side surfaces is continuous. Extending from the inner periphery of the cutter head toward the outer periphery,
Tunnel excavator characterized by that.   The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the outermost excavation member of the cutter head is a truncated cone shape.   3. The tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the excavator main body is a tunnel boring machine main body provided with a gripper provided so as to be able to abut against an inner wall surface of the tunnel in order to obtain a reaction force. Excavator.

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