JP3272975B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a tunnel excavator for excavating the ground by a roller cutter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to excavate a ground such as a bedrock, as shown in FIG. 3 , a tunnel provided with a cutter plate 31 having a number of abacus ball-shaped roller cutters 32 mounted on the entire plate surface. Excavator is used. The principle of excavating the rock using the roller cutter 32 is that the rock is peeled and crushed by rotating the cutter plate 31 while pressing the sharp end of the roller cutter 32 against the rock.

[0003]

However, the rotation of the roller cutter 32 is performed by rotating the cutter plate 31 in a state where the roller cutter 32 is pressed against the bedrock. in in the roller cutter 32 has been installed, it becomes possible to smoothly drilling by its rotating direction as shown in FIG. 4 should be mounted such that the circumferential direction of the cutter plate 31, the cutter plate 31 The rotation direction of the roller cutter 32a mounted at the center cannot be matched with the rotation direction of the cutter plate 31, and the sharp blade edge cut into the bedrock causes a large twisting force due to the rotation of the cutter plate 31. Acts on the roller cutter 32a.
However, there is a problem that the roller cutter 32a is damaged in a short time and the bearing portion of the roller cutter 32a supported by the cutter plate 31 is also easily broken, which hinders the excavation of the tunnel.

As a countermeasure for this, it is conceivable to mount not the roller cutter 32 but an excavating cutter capable of coping with the rotation of the cutter plate 31 at the center of the cutter plate 31. Therefore, there is a problem that the excavating ability of the excavating cutter is lower than the excavating ability of the other part of the roller cutter, and the excavating speed of the tunnel excavator becomes slower and the construction period becomes longer.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a means for excavating the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate as smoothly and efficiently as the ground in front of the outer periphery. To provide a tunnel excavator.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, a tunnel excavator according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a tunnel excavator body having a cutter plate disposed at a front end thereof, while propelling the cutter plate. In a tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on the face plate of the cutter plate by rotating, an opening penetrating between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate at the center of the cutter plate. Rutotomoni provided a hole, it is provided around the opening hole b
The center axis of the cutter from the front to the back of the face plate of the cutter plate.
Projecting from the face plate by tilting
Position the tip of the circular blade edge in front of the periphery of the opening hole.
There is a configuration in which a rod-shaped ground portion at the center front portion of the cutter plate remaining after excavation around the center of the cutter plate of the roller cutter disposed around the opening hole is introduced into the machine through the opening hole.

[0007]

In the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect, when the excavator body is propelled while rotating the cutter plate, a large number of roller cutters mounted on portions other than the center portion of the cutter plate cut into the ground while cutting into the ground. It rotates in the direction of rotation with the rotation of, and excavates the ground in front. On the other hand, at the center of the cutter plate, the roller cutter around the opening provided in the center portion revolves around the center of the cutter plate, excavates the ground in a ring shape, and surrounds the ground with the ring-shaped excavation portion. The unexcavated ground portion having a circular rod shape in cross section enters the inside of the machine through the opening hole according to the excavation of the cutter plate, and is removed by cutting or the like in the machine. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently excavate the tunnel without reducing the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a tunnel excavator for carrying out the invention according to claim 1, and the excavator main body 1 is a cylindrical excavator. A front body 1a having a shape similar to that of the front body 1a, and a cutter plate 2 having substantially the same diameter as the front body 1a is provided at the front end of the front body 1a. It is arranged rotatably. The cutter plate 2 is provided at the center of the circular face plate 2a.
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of roller cutters 4 are provided at small intervals from the opening 3 toward the outer peripheral edge of the face plate 2a. Wearing radially.

As is well known, these roller cutters 4 have a cutting edge of an outer peripheral portion formed at a sharp end having a wedge-shaped cross section, and a front side of the outer peripheral portion is projected forward from a face plate 2 a of the cutter plate 2. The cutter plate 2 is rotatably supported by the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 with its central axis 5 directed in the radial direction of the cutter plate 2. Therefore, the rotation direction of all the roller cutters 4 is directed to the circumferential direction of the cutter plate 2.

The center of the cutter plate 2 is closest to the center, that is,
The several roller cutters 4a provided around the opening hole 3 are arranged such that their central axes 5a are inclined rearward from the front surface to the rear surface of the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2, whereby the face plate 2a is provided. The tip of the circular edge protruding from the opening hole 3
Is located in front of the periphery. On the other hand, the center axis 5b of the roller cutter 4b mounted on the outermost peripheral portion of the cutter plate 2 is
The tip of the circular blade edge protruding from 2a is supported by the face plate 2a so as to be inclined so as to face the outer diameter direction. In addition,
The cutter plate 2 is provided with slip inlets 6 penetrating between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate 2 along the roller cutters 4 mounted in the radial direction, and at one side edge of each slip inlet 6. A scraper 7 is formed.

A cylindrical portion 2b having the same diameter as the front trunk 1a of the excavator body 1 is provided integrally on the outer peripheral edge of the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 toward the rear, and is provided at the rear end of the cylindrical portion 2b. A short cylindrical portion 2c having a small diameter is integrally provided, and the outer peripheral surface of the short cylindrical portion 2c is rotatably supported by the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the front body 1a. Furthermore, front body 1a
Partition walls 8 and 9 are stretched at a small distance in the front-rear direction at the front end of the front panel, and a motor 10 as a rotation driving means of the cutter plate 2 is mounted on the outer periphery of the front partition wall 8 and its rotation shaft is The small gear 11 is fixedly engaged with the internal gear 12 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter short cylindrical portion 2c of the cutter plate 2.

Further, a front gripper 14 which can be extended and retracted in the radial direction of the tunnel by a jack 13 is mounted on the front body 1a at several places of the peripheral wall between the bulkheads 8 and 9 so as to be able to protrude and retract toward the excavation wall surface T. A rear gripper 17 that expands and contracts in the radial direction of the tunnel by a jack (not shown) is mounted between the partition walls 15 and 16 that are stretched behind the trunk 1b.
The rear partition 9 of the front trunk 1a and the front partition 15 of the rear trunk 1b are connected by a plurality of thrust jacks 18. Although not shown in the figure, means for discharging excavated earth and sand, rocks, gravel and the like are provided.

The tunnel excavator configured as described above has
As is well known, the rear gripper 17 is pressed against the excavation wall T by extending the jack so that the rear trunk 1b is supported by the excavation wall T, and in this state, the thrust jack 18 is extended and the motor 10 is driven to thereby control the cutter plate. The tunnel is excavated by propelling the front body 1a while rotating 2 and after excavating a tunnel of a fixed length, the jack 13 of the front gripper 14 is extended to attach the front gripper 14 to the excavation wall T. Crimp and rear gripper
17 is retracted to release the support of the rear trunk 1b on the excavation wall T, and then the rear gripper 17 is contracted to thereby reduce the rear trunk 1b.
A certain length forward and then again the rear gripper
After pressing 17 on the excavation wall T, the front gripper 14
Of the excavation wall T, and thrust jack 18
The cutter ground is excavated by rotating the cutter plate 2 with the elongation of the tunnel, and the tunnel is excavated by repeating this process.

At this time, when the front body 1a of the excavator body 1 is propelled by the thrust jack 18 while rotating the cutter plate 2, the roller cutter 4 mounted on the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 is moved forward of the cutter plate 2. Cutter board 2 while cutting into the ground
The ground is excavated while rotating in the rotation direction of the cutter plate 2 with the rotation of. At this time, since the roller cutter 4 is not mounted at the center of the cutter plate 2, the ground in front of the center cannot be excavated, but the opening 3 is provided at the center and the opening 3 is provided. Several roller cutters 4a are disposed around the periphery of the opening 3 so that the tip of a circular edge protruding from the face plate 2a is located in front of the peripheral edge of the opening 3. Roller cutter 4a
The ground in front is excavated in a ring shape, and the unexcavated ground surrounded by the ring-shaped excavation portion is formed by the opening 3
The bar-shaped ground portion A enters into the machine through the opening 3 according to the excavation of the cutter plate 2 while forming the bar-shaped ground portion A having a circular cross section facing the front of the vehicle.
Is removed by excision or the like.

Therefore, excavation and removal of the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate 2 can be performed efficiently, and the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator can be increased to improve workability.

In the above-mentioned tunnel excavator, the ground to be excavated is not limited to the bedrock, but can be applied to the ground of a gravel layer or a cobblestone layer. , 17 respectively with front and rear torso 1a,
The present invention is not limited to the structure having 1b, and may be a main body having a propulsion jack for propelling the tunnel lining by supporting the reaction force at its end face.

[0017]

As described above, according to the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cutter plate is rotated while the main body of the tunnel excavator having the cutter plate disposed at the front end is propelled. In a tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on a face plate of a cutter plate, an opening hole is provided at a center portion of the cutter plate so as to penetrate between front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate. Since the rod-shaped ground portion at the center front portion of the cutter plate remaining by excavation around the center of the cutter plate of the roller cutter disposed around the hole is configured to be introduced into the machine through the opening hole, the cutter plate The front ground other than the center can be smoothly excavated while rotating the roller cutter in the circumferential direction of the cutter plate by rotating the cutter plate. While remaining in the rod-like by drilling the cutter plate center around the circumference of the roller cutter opening hole is provided in the center of the plate, but can incorporate ground to the remaining flight through the opening hole. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly remove the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate having the lowest excavation ability by the cutter plate, to increase the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator, and to improve the work efficiency of tunnel construction. It is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a simplified front view of the cutter plate,

FIG. 3 is a front view of a cutter plate of a conventional tunnel excavator,

FIG. 4 is a front view for explaining an excavation state by the cutter plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavator main body 2 Cutter plate 3 Opening hole 4 Roller cutter

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/10

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein the cutter plate is rotated while propelling a tunnel excavator body having a cutter plate disposed at a front end thereof, so that the ground is excavated by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on a face plate of the cutter plate. in the configuration the tunnel boring machine, Rutotomoni an opening hole penetrating between front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate in the center of the cutter plate, periphery of the opening hole
The center axis of the roller cutter
To incline backward from the front of the face plate toward the back
The tip of the circular edge protruding from the face plate is
It is located in front of the periphery and is located around this opening.
Survived by excavation around the center of the cutter plate of the roller cutter
The opening of the rod-shaped ground at the center front of the cutter plate
A tunnel excavator characterized by being configured to be introduced into the machine through the tunnel.