JPH10246095A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently excavate the front bedrock in the center section of a cutter plate inferior in excavating ability to remove and to increase the speed of excavation in a tunnel excavator constituted so as to bore the bedrock with the cutter plate formed by projecting a large number of roller cutters. SOLUTION: An opening hole 3 is excavated in the center section of a cutter plate 2, a large number of roller cutters 4 are radially projected in the direction of an outside diameter from the circumference of the opening hole 3, and a bedrock is excavated by rotating the roller cutters 4 in the circumferential direction of the cutter plate 2 with the rotation of the cutter plate 2 while making the roller cutters 4 cut into the front bedrock other than the center section of the cutter plate 2. While, the circumference of the front bedrock in the center section of the cutter plate 2 is excavated in the shape of a ring by roller cutters 4a arranged to the circumference of the opening hole 3 to introduce the remaining bar-shaped bedrock part surrounded by the excavation section through the opening hole 3 to remove.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a tunnel excavator for excavating the ground by a roller cutter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to excavate a ground such as a bedrock, as shown in FIG. 5, a tunnel provided with a cutter plate 31 on which a number of abacus ball-shaped roller cutters 32 are mounted on the entire plate surface. Excavator is used. The principle of excavating the rock using the roller cutter 32 is that the rock is peeled and crushed by rotating the cutter plate 31 while pressing the sharp end of the roller cutter 32 against the rock.

[0003]

However, the rotation of the roller cutter 32 is performed by rotating the cutter plate 31 in a state where the roller cutter 32 is pressed against the bedrock. In the roller cutter 32 mounted on the cutter plate 31, smooth excavation can be performed by mounting the roller cutter 32 so that its rotation direction is the circumferential direction of the cutter plate 31, as shown in FIG. The rotation direction of the roller cutter 32a mounted at the center cannot be matched with the rotation direction of the cutter plate 31, and the sharp blade edge cut into the bedrock causes a large twisting force due to the rotation of the cutter plate 31. Acts on the roller cutter 32a.
However, there is a problem that the roller cutter 32a is damaged in a short time and the bearing portion of the roller cutter 32a supported by the cutter plate 31 is also easily broken, which hinders the excavation of the tunnel.

As a countermeasure for this, it is conceivable to mount not the roller cutter 32 but an excavating cutter capable of coping with the rotation of the cutter plate 31 at the center of the cutter plate 31, but the peripheral speed of the cutter plate 31 is limited to the center. Therefore, there is a problem that the excavating ability of the excavating cutter is lower than the excavating ability of the other part of the roller cutter, and the excavating speed of the tunnel excavator becomes slower and the construction period becomes longer.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide means for excavating the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate as smoothly and efficiently as the ground in front of the outer periphery. To provide a tunnel excavator.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, a tunnel excavator according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a tunnel excavator body having a cutter plate disposed at a front end thereof, while propelling the cutter plate. In a tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on the face plate of the cutter plate by rotating, an opening penetrating between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate at the center of the cutter plate. A hole is provided, and a rod-shaped ground portion at the center front portion of the cutter plate remaining by excavation around the center of the cutter plate of the roller cutter disposed around the opening hole is introduced into the machine through the opening hole. I have.

The invention according to a second aspect of the present invention provides a plurality of rollers mounted on a face plate of a cutter plate by rotating the cutter plate while propelling a tunnel excavator body having a cutter plate disposed at a front end. In a tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground with a cutter, an opening hole is provided at a center portion of the cutter plate between front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate, and a drill bit is exposed from the inside of the machine through the opening hole. The excavation bit is configured to excavate the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate.

In the tunnel excavator according to the second aspect, the invention according to the third aspect is characterized in that the excavation bit is attached to a tip of a rod, and the rod is inserted into the opening so as to be able to advance and retreat, and the rod is inserted into the opening. By driving the drill, the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate is excavated by the excavation bit. In this case, excavation of the ground by the excavation bit is performed by transmitting rotation or impact, or both rotation and impact to the excavation bit.

[0009]

In the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect, when the excavator body is propelled while rotating the cutter plate, a large number of roller cutters mounted on portions other than the center portion of the cutter plate cut into the ground while cutting into the ground. It rotates in the direction of rotation with the rotation of, and excavates the ground in front. On the other hand, at the center of the cutter plate, the roller cutter around the opening provided in the center portion revolves around the center of the cutter plate, excavates the ground in a ring shape, and surrounds the ground with the ring-shaped excavation portion. The unexcavated ground portion having a circular rod shape in cross section enters the inside of the machine through the opening hole according to the excavation of the cutter plate, and is removed by cutting or the like in the machine. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently excavate the tunnel without reducing the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator.

[0010] In the tunnel excavator according to the second aspect, the ground other than the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate is excavated by the roller cutter in the same manner as in the first aspect of the invention, but no roller cutter is provided. At the center, the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate is excavated by a drill bit facing an opening provided in the center.

In this case, as described in claim 3, the rod having the excavation bit attached to the tip is rotated while projecting forward from the center of the cutter plate through the opening, and the rod is rotated. When the impact force is transmitted to the excavation bit by hitting together, the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate, which is difficult to excavate with the roller cutter, can be excavated more smoothly and efficiently, and the roller cutter mounted on the cutter plate The excavation can be performed before the excavation, and the surrounding ground can be easily and reliably excavated by the roller cutter, and the tunnel excavation operation can be efficiently performed.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the drawings, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a tunnel excavator for carrying out the invention according to claim 1, and the excavator main body 1 is a cylindrical excavator. A front body 1a having a shape similar to that of the front body 1a, and a cutter plate 2 having substantially the same diameter as the front body 1a is provided at the front end of the front body 1a. It is arranged rotatably. The cutter plate 2 is provided at the center of the circular face plate 2a.
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of roller cutters 4 are provided at small intervals from the opening 3 toward the outer peripheral edge of the face plate 2a. Wearing radially.

As is well known, these roller cutters 4 have a cutting edge of an outer peripheral portion formed at a sharp end having a wedge-shaped cross section, and a front side of the outer peripheral portion is projected forward from a face plate 2 a of the cutter plate 2. The cutter plate 2 is rotatably supported by the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 with its center axis 5 directed in the radial direction of the cutter plate 2. Therefore, the rotation direction of all the roller cutters 4 is directed to the circumferential direction of the cutter plate 2.

The center of the cutter plate 2 is closest to the center, that is,
The several roller cutters 4a provided around the opening hole 3 are arranged such that their central axes 5a are inclined rearward from the front surface to the rear surface of the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2, whereby the face plate 2a is provided. The tip of the circular edge protruding from the opening hole 3
Is located in front of the periphery. On the other hand, the center axis 5b of the roller cutter 4b mounted on the outermost peripheral portion of the cutter plate 2 is
The tip of the circular blade edge protruding from 2a is supported by the face plate 2a so as to be inclined so as to face the outer diameter direction. In addition,
The cutter plate 2 is provided with slip inlets 6 penetrating between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate 2 along the roller cutters 4 mounted in the radial direction, and at one side edge of each slip inlet 6. A scraper 7 is formed.

A cylindrical portion 2b having the same diameter as the front body 1a of the excavator body 1 is provided integrally on the outer peripheral edge of the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 toward the rear, and is provided at the rear end of the cylindrical portion 2b. A short cylindrical portion 2c having a small diameter is integrally provided, and the outer peripheral surface of the short cylindrical portion 2c is rotatably supported by the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the front body 1a. Furthermore, front body 1a
Partition walls 8 and 9 are stretched at a small distance in the front-rear direction at the front end of the front panel, and a motor 10 as a rotation driving means of the cutter plate 2 is mounted on the outer periphery of the front partition wall 8 and its rotation shaft is provided. The small gear 11 is fixedly engaged with the internal gear 12 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter short cylindrical portion 2c of the cutter plate 2.

Further, a front gripper 14 which is expandable and contractable in the tunnel radial direction by a jack 13 is mounted on the front body 1a at several places of the peripheral wall portion between the partition walls 8 and 9 so as to be able to protrude and retract toward the excavation wall surface T, while the rear side is mounted. A rear gripper 17 that expands and contracts in the radial direction of the tunnel by a jack (not shown) is mounted between the partition walls 15 and 16 that are stretched behind the trunk 1b.
The rear partition 9 of the front trunk 1a and the front partition 15 of the rear trunk 1b are connected by a plurality of thrust jacks 18. Although not shown in the figure, means for discharging excavated earth and sand, rocks, gravel and the like are provided.

The tunnel excavator constructed as described above has
As is well known, the rear gripper 17 is pressed against the excavation wall T by extending the jack so that the rear trunk 1b is supported on the excavation wall T, and in this state, the thrust jack 18 is extended and the motor 10 is driven. The tunnel is excavated by propelling the front fuselage 1a while rotating 2 and after excavating a tunnel of a certain length, the jack 13 of the front gripper 14 is extended to attach the front gripper 14 to the excavation wall T. Crimp and rear gripper
17 is retracted to release the support of the rear trunk 1b on the excavation wall T, and then the rear gripper 17 is contracted to thereby reduce the rear trunk 1b.
A certain length forward and then again the rear gripper
After pressing 17 on the excavation wall T, the front gripper 14
Of the excavation wall T, and thrust jack 18
The cutter ground is excavated by rotating the cutter plate 2 with the elongation of the tunnel, and the tunnel is excavated by repeating this process.

At this time, when the front body 1a of the excavator body 1 is propelled by the thrust jack 18 while rotating the cutter plate 2, the roller cutter 4 mounted on the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 is moved forward of the cutter plate 2. Cutter board 2 while cutting into the ground
The ground is excavated while rotating in the rotation direction of the cutter plate 2 with the rotation of. At this time, since the roller cutter 4 is not mounted at the center of the cutter plate 2, the ground in front of the center cannot be excavated, but the opening 3 is provided at the center and the opening 3 is provided. Several roller cutters 4a are disposed around the periphery of the opening 3 so that the tip of a circular edge protruding from the face plate 2a is located in front of the peripheral edge of the opening 3. Roller cutter 4a
The ground in front is excavated in a ring shape, and the unexcavated ground surrounded by the ring-shaped excavation portion is formed by the opening 3
The bar-shaped ground portion A enters into the machine through the opening 3 according to the excavation of the cutter plate 2 while forming the bar-shaped ground portion A having a circular cross section facing the front of the vehicle.
Is removed by excision or the like.

Therefore, excavation and removal of the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate 2 can be efficiently performed, and the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator can be increased to improve workability.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of a tunnel excavator for carrying out the invention according to claims 2 and 3. In the embodiment according to claim 1, the cutter plate 2 is used.
The front ground portion of the center portion of the cutter plate 2 is taken into the machine through an opening 3 provided in the center of the cutter plate and removed. In this embodiment, the excavation bit 19 is protruded from the machine through the opening 3. The excavation bit 19 excavates the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate 2.

That is, behind the opening 3 provided in the center of the cutter plate 2 rotatably disposed at the front end of the front trunk 1a of the excavator main body 1, the above-mentioned tension extending in the front trunk 1a. A guide cylinder 20 projects from the center of the front partition wall 8 toward the center of the rear surface of the cutter plate 2.
With a slidable front and rear and a drill bit at the front end
The rear end of the rod 22 to which the fixing member 19 is fixed is connected to the driving means 21 so that the driving means 21 transmits a rotational driving force and a striking force to the rod 22. A jack 23 is fixed to the center of the rear partition wall 9 so as to penetrate therethrough, and the front end of a telescopic rod 24 of the jacket 23 is integrally connected to the driving means 21. As the excavation bit 19, a button bit, a core bit, and a flat bit are employed.

Further, in the cutter plate 2 in the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect, the several roller cutters 4a provided around the opening hole 3 have the center axis 5a of the cutter plate 2 of the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2. By disposing in a state inclined rearward from the front surface to the rear surface, the distal end of the circular blade edge protruding from the face plate 2a is located in front of the peripheral edge of the opening hole 3, but in this embodiment, These roller cutters 4a may have their circular cutting edges directed perpendicular to the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2, similarly to the outer roller cutters 4. Other configurations are the same as those of the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description of the configuration will be omitted.

In the tunnel excavator thus constructed, as described above, the rear gripper 17 is pressed against the excavation wall T by extending the jack to support the rear trunk 1b on the excavation wall T. In this state, the thrust jack 18 The tunnel is excavated by propelling the front body 1a while rotating the cutter plate 2 by driving the motor 10 while driving the motor 10, and after excavating a tunnel of a predetermined length, the jack 13 of the front gripper 14 is excavated. The front gripper 14 is pressed against the excavation wall T by extending the rear gripper.
17 is retracted to release the support of the rear trunk 1b on the excavation wall T, and then the rear gripper 17 is contracted to thereby reduce the rear trunk 1b.
A certain length forward and then again the rear gripper
After pressing 17 on the excavation wall T, the front gripper 14
Of the excavation wall T, and thrust jack 18
The cutter ground is excavated by rotating the cutter plate 2 with the elongation of the tunnel, and the tunnel is excavated by repeating this process.

At this time, when the front body 1a of the excavator body 1 is propelled by the thrust jack 18 while rotating the cutter plate 2, the roller cutter 4 mounted on the face plate 2a of the cutter plate 2 moves forward of the cutter plate 2. Cutter board 2 while cutting into the ground
The ground excavates the ground other than the center of the cutter plate 2 while rotating in the direction of rotation of the cutter plate 2 with the rotation of the cutter plate 2. Further, a jack provided on the rear bulkhead 9 of the front trunk 1a The rod 22 is advanced through the driving means 21 by 23,
The excavation bit 19 attached to the front end of the rod 22 is projected forward from the opening 3 and the driving means 21 drives the excavation bit 19 to cut the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate 2 with the roller cutter 4.
It excavates while drilling ahead.

The excavation of the ground by the cutting bit 16 is performed while applying a rotary impact to the excavating bit 19 via the rod 22 by the driving means 21. The ground other than the front part of the center of the cutter plate 2 is excavated by the roller cutter 4, but when the excavation bit 19 is advanced by the jack 23 as described above and excavated earlier than the excavation by the roller cutter 4, The free surface of the ground around the hole is widened and easily collapsed by the hole B formed by the excavation. Therefore, the roller cutter 4 provided around the opening hole 3 causes the center of the cutter plate 2 closer to the center. Excavation can be easily performed while the front ground collapses to the hole B side, and the excavation speed comparable to the roller cutter 4 provided on the outer peripheral side of the cutter plate 2 is exhibited to further increase the excavation speed. Those that can be large and.

In any of the above tunnel excavators, the ground to be excavated is not limited to the bedrock but can be applied to the ground of a gravel layer or a boulder layer. The present invention is not limited to the structure having the front and rear trunks 1a and 1b respectively provided with the grippers 14 and 17, and may be a main body having a propulsion jack for propelling the end surface of the tunnel lining by supporting a reaction force. Also, in a tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate 2 by the cutting bit 16, either the rotating force or the impact force is used as the driving means 21 for the cutting bit 16.
It may be transmitted to 16. Further, the cutting bit 16 does not necessarily need to be moved back and forth, but may be made to face forward from inside the machine through the opening 3 of the cutter plate 2.
Further, the cutting bit 16 does not necessarily have to protrude forward than the cutter plate 2, and the front of the cutter plate 2 and the cutting bit
The front end face of the cutter 16 may be exposed from the inside of the machine through the opening 3 of the cutter plate 2 so that the front end face is substantially flush.

[0027]

As described above, according to the tunnel excavator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the cutter plate is rotated while the main body of the tunnel excavator having the cutter plate disposed at the front end is propelled. In a tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on a face plate of a cutter plate, an opening hole is provided at a center portion of the cutter plate so as to penetrate between front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate. Since the rod-shaped ground portion at the center front portion of the cutter plate remaining by excavation around the center of the cutter plate of the roller cutter disposed around the hole is configured to be introduced into the machine through the opening hole, the cutter plate The front ground other than the center can be smoothly excavated while rotating the roller cutter in the circumferential direction of the cutter plate by rotating the cutter plate. While remaining in the rod-like by drilling the cutter plate center around the circumference of the roller cutter opening hole is provided in the center of the plate, but can incorporate ground to the remaining flight through the opening hole. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly remove the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate having the lowest excavation ability by the cutter plate, to increase the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator, and to improve the work efficiency of tunnel construction. It is.

According to the tunnel excavator of the present invention, the drill bit is made to face the inside of the machine through the opening provided in the center of the cutter plate, and the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate is formed by the drill bit. Because it is configured to excavate, this excavation bit can excavate the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate where the excavation ability decreases with the roller cutter, and the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator can be increased It is.

In this case, as described in claim 3, the rod having the excavation bit attached to the tip is rotated while projecting forward from the center of the cutter plate through the opening, and the rod is rotated. When the impact force is transmitted to the excavation bit by hitting together, the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate, which is difficult to excavate with the roller cutter, can be excavated more smoothly and efficiently, and the roller cutter mounted on the cutter plate The excavation can be performed before the excavation, and the surrounding ground can be easily and reliably excavated by the roller cutter, and the tunnel excavation operation can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a simplified front view of the cutter plate,

FIG. 3 is a simplified longitudinal sectional side view of a tunnel excavator having another structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a simplified front view of the cutter plate,

FIG. 5 is a front view of a cutter plate of a conventional tunnel excavator,

FIG. 6 is a front view for explaining an excavation state by the cutter plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavator main body 2 Cutter plate 3 Opening hole 4 Roller cutter 19 Drilling bit 21 Drive means 22 Rod

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein the cutter plate is rotated while propelling a tunnel excavator body having a cutter plate disposed at a front end thereof, so that the ground is excavated by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on a face plate of the cutter plate. In the tunnel excavator thus configured, an opening hole is provided at a center portion of the cutter plate so as to penetrate between front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cutter plate is rotated while propelling a tunnel excavator body having a cutter plate disposed at a front end thereof, thereby excavating the ground by a plurality of roller cutters mounted on a face plate of the cutter plate. In the configured tunnel excavator, an opening is provided in the center of the cutter plate so as to penetrate between the front and rear surfaces of the cutter plate. A tunnel excavator configured to excavate the ground. 3. The excavation bit is mounted on the tip of a rod. The rod is inserted into the opening so as to be able to advance and retreat, and the rod is driven to excavate the ground in front of the center of the cutter plate by the excavation bit. The tunnel excavator according to claim 2, wherein the tunnel excavator is configured to perform the operation.