JP4383997B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine in which a mainline shield is provided with a widening cutter for digging in a radial direction.

  In a road tunnel, it is necessary to provide an emergency parking zone for a vehicle every predetermined distance. This emergency parking zone forms a parking space on the side of the main road, widens one side of the tunnel, and forms in this widened area.

  As a method of widening one side of the tunnel, after excavating and constructing the main tunnel that forms the main road with the shield machine, the shield machine for widening is dug along the main tunnel, A construction that widens the main tunnel by constructing a widening section is known (see Patent Document 1).

  However, since this method requires two steps, a step for constructing the main tunnel and a step for constructing the widened portion, there is a problem that the cost is high and the construction period is prolonged.

  Therefore, the present applicant, after constructing the main tunnel and widening tunnel in parallel with a shield machine, invented a construction method that widens one side of the main tunnel by joining the main tunnel and widening tunnel. A shield machine that can build a tunnel in parallel is under development (patent pending in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2003-337869 and 2003-106824).

  In the shield machine, a widening shield for constructing a widening tunnel is provided in a side portion of a main shield for constructing a main tunnel so as to be able to appear and retract. The widening shield includes a widening cutter that excavates natural ground along the side of the main shield, and a crescent body that constructs a widening tunnel by assembling widening segments in the widening hole excavated by the widening cutter.

  By the way, the widening cutter of the shield machine is required to have a different ability from the cutter of the main shield because of the peculiarity of the purpose of excavating the natural ground on the side of the main shield by projecting in the radial direction. Therefore, the applicant has proposed a shield machine equipped with various widening cutters in order to obtain the best widening cutter.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 23, a slide cylinder 61 is provided on the main shield 60 so as to be able to protrude and retract radially outward, a sphere 62 is rotatably provided at the tip of the slide cylinder 61, and a cutter body 63 is provided on the sphere 62. As shown in FIGS. 24 (a) and 24 (b), a spherical cutter type shield machine 64, or a slide cutter type in which a cutter body 66 is provided on a main line shield 65 so as to be able to project and retract in the radial direction and to be slidable in the circumferential direction. 25, and a boom cutter type shield digging in which a bendable boom 68 is provided on the main line shield 71 and a cutter head 69 is provided at the tip of the boom 68, as shown in FIGS. 25 (a) and 25 (b). Machine 70 or the like.

  The spherical cutter type shield machine 64 and the boom cutter type shield machine 70 have the advantage that the crescent body (not shown) can easily protrude from the main shields 60 and 71 at a relatively short digging distance. The slide cutter type shield machine 67 has an advantage that the captain can be formed relatively short.

Japanese Patent Publication No.62-1073

  However, the spherical cutter type shield machine 64 is likely to be expensive due to the large size of the widening cutter, and it is difficult to keep the length of the main shield 60 short, and the mechanism of the widening cutter becomes complicated and reliable. The slide cutter type shield machine 67 has a disadvantage that it is easy to be expensive because the wide cutter is large, and the wide cutter mechanism is complicated and the reliability is somewhat lacking. The cutter type shield machine 70 has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to keep the length of the main shield 71 short because the cutter head 69 also moves in the machine direction, and the mechanism of the widening cutter is complicated and the reliability is somewhat lacking. .

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine equipped with a widening cutter that can solve the above-mentioned problems, can keep the length of the machine relatively short, is inexpensive, simple, and has high reliability.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a shield machine in which a main cutter is provided with a widening cutter for excavating in a radial direction, and the widening cutter is provided in a cutter spoke and a cutter pork provided on a rotating shaft. Are formed with a plurality of small cutters having a cutter bit, and these small cutters are arranged in a slant so that they are arranged in a series in the circumferential direction and the excavation surface is directed forward in the digging direction and radially outward. In addition, these are provided so as to freely appear and disappear in the radial direction.

The cutter pork is formed to be extendable and contracted, and the small cutter is contracted by reducing the diameter of the cutter pork when housed in the main shield, and extends the cutter pork when protruding from the main shield. It is preferable that it is formed so as to be able to expand and contract so as to increase the diameter.

  Further, the small cutter has a cylindrical frame that can be protruded and retracted in the radial direction from the main line shield, and has a cutter body provided at a tip of the cylindrical frame, and the cylindrical frame is protruded and protruded in the radial direction. Thus, the cutter body may be configured to appear and disappear in the radial direction.

  A crescent body that builds a widening tunnel by assembling widening segments is provided on the main shield so that it can be moved in and out, and the small cutters are arranged in multiple rows in the circumferential direction at the front of the crescent body, and can be protruded and retracted in the radial direction. It is good to provide.

  Alternatively, the small cutters are arranged in multiple rows in the circumferential direction on the main shield, and are provided so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction, and a widening segment is constructed by assembling widening segments on the main shield behind the small cutter. It is preferable that the crescent main body to be retracted is provided so that the small cutter and the crescent main body can be made to appear and disappear from the main line shield independently of each other.

  According to the present invention, the widening cutter can be made inexpensive, simple and reliable, and the length of the shield machine can be kept relatively short.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a shield machine showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the shield machine 1 is configured by providing a widening shield 5 for constructing the widening tunnel 4 on the side of the main shield 3 constructing the main tunnel 2. The widening shield 5 includes a crescent main body 7 that is provided in the main line shield 3 so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction, and that constructs the widening tunnel 4 by assembling the widening segments 6, and a widening cutter 8 provided at the front of the crescent main body 7. .

  The crescent main body 7 is slidably accommodated in a guide portion 9 formed in the side surface portion of the main shield 3 so as to be recessed in the radial direction, and has a widened shield frame 10 forming an outer shell, and a widened shield frame 10. It is configured to include an provided erector 11 and an extrusion jack 12 for pushing the widened segment 6 assembled by the erector 11 backward. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the widening shield frame 10 has an opening 13 opened in the machine of the main line shield 3 on the base end side, and carries building materials such as the widening segment 6 from the opening 13. It has become. Further, when the crescent body 7 protrudes from the guide portion 9, the crescent body 7 protrudes from the main line shield 3 in a cross-sectional crescent shape (a crescent shape).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the widening cutter 8 includes a plurality of small cutters 14, 15, and 16. The small cutters 14, 15, and 16 are respectively arranged in a plurality in the circumferential direction at the front portion of the crescent body 7, and are provided so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction. That is, they are arranged side by side in the radial direction so as to wrap the excavation surface 17, and one widening hole 18 is excavated by combining a plurality of small cutters 14, 15, 16.

  Since the small cutters 14, 15 and 16 have substantially the same structure, the middle-stage small cutter 15 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the small cutter 15 is provided on the crescent body 7 so as to be slidable in the radial direction, and is formed so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction from the main shield 3. And a cutter main body 20 for excavating natural ground provided at the tip, and configured to cause the cutter main body 20 to appear and disappear in the radial direction by causing the cylindrical frame 19 to appear and disappear in the radial direction. . As shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical frames 19 of the respective small cutters 14, 15, 16 are arranged in parallel to each other so that the interval between the cutter bodies 20 does not change even when the cylindrical frame 19 is raised and lowered. It is configured. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 6, the cylindrical frame 19 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a closed end, and is inserted into a guide cylinder 21 formed in the crescent body 7. In the cylindrical frame 19, there are a jack which is an expansion / contraction drive device 22 for projecting and retracting the cylindrical frame 19, a mud pipe 23 and a mud pipe 24 for collecting earth and sand excavated by the cutter body 20, and the cutter body 20. A cutter driving device 25 for driving is provided. The mud pipe 23 and the mud pipe 24 are piped so as to extend into the main shield 3 through the opening 13 of the crescent body 7. A seal (not shown) is provided between the cylindrical frame 19 and the guide cylinder 21 so as to prevent water from entering the cylindrical frame 19. Further, the cylindrical frame 19 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the excavation surface 17 of the cutter body 20, and when the cutter body 20 is pushed outward in the radial direction, a portion protruding to the rear side of the cutter body 20 is made as small as possible. It has become. Thus, the cylindrical frame 19 can be protruded in the radial direction by slightly moving the cutter body 20 slightly, and the widened hole 18 can be easily and quickly excavated.

  The small cutter 15 is formed so as to be reduced in diameter when accommodated in the main shield 3 and to be enlarged and reduced so as to increase in diameter when projected from the main shield 3. Specifically, the small cutter 15 is formed so that the cutter body 20 can be expanded and contracted, and is expanded and contracted by expanding and contracting the cutter spokes 26 of the cutter body 20 in the radial direction. The cutter spoke 26 includes a proximal-side spoke 28 provided on the rotating shaft 27 so as to extend in the radial direction, and a distal-side spoke 29 provided on the proximal-side spoke 28 so as to be slidable in the radial direction. A cutter bit 30 is provided on each of the proximal-side spoke 28 and the distal-side spoke 29, and the ground bit is cut by the cutter bit 30 by being rotated together with the rotating shaft 27. The cutter body 20 is provided on the cylindrical frame 19 so that the excavation surface 17 faces the radially outward direction of the main shield 3 and is configured to excavate the natural ground in an elliptical view. Yes. Specifically, the cutter body 20 of the small cutters 14 and 16 arranged at the uppermost and lowermost stages is inclined by about 25 degrees with respect to the digging direction, and the cutter body 20 of the small cutter 15 arranged at the middle stage is It is inclined about 50 degrees with respect to the direction of excavation, and is configured to excavate the widened hole 18 having a substantially crescent-shaped cross section without waste.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the crescent body 7 is accommodated in the main line shield 3 and the widening cutter 8 is accommodated in the main line shield 3, the shutter 31 that closes the guide portion 9 so as to cover the widening cutter 8 is the main line shield. 3 is openable and closable. The shutter 31 is formed in a plate shape curved with substantially the same curvature as the outer periphery of the main shield 3 and is provided on the upper and lower main shields 3 of the guide portion 9 so as to be slidable along the outer periphery of the main shield 3. .

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the construction of the widening tunnel is started by projecting the crescent main body 7 and the widening cutter 8 radially outward from the main line shield 3 accommodating the crescent main body 7 and the widening cutter 8, the widening cutter 8 is used. The covering shutter 31 is opened, and the cylindrical frame 19 is protruded radially outward while driving the cutter body 20 of each of the small cutters 14, 15, 16. As shown in FIG. 8, the cutter body 20 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the main shield 3 while excavating a natural mountain facing the side surface of the main shield 3. At this time, the telescopic drive device 22 for projecting and retracting the cylindrical frame 19 is provided in the crescent body 7 with a limited space and does not have a sufficient stroke. Therefore, the cutter body 20 does not reach a predetermined protruding position. , It will protrude to an intermediate position. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the main shield 3 is dug, and the cutter body 20 excavates a natural ground ahead in the dug direction.

  As shown in FIG. 10, when the main shield 3 is dug by the length of the crescent body 7 following the widening cutter 8, the crescent body 7 is projected into the widening holes 18 excavated by the respective small cutters 14, 15, 16. . At this time, the protruding amount of the small cutters 14, 15, 16 is not yet sufficient, and the widening hole 18 is small, so that the crescent body 7 does not reach the predetermined protruding position but protrudes to the intermediate position. Further, the jack which is the expansion / contraction driving device 22 is retracted by the crescent body 7 protruding into the widening hole 18.

  As shown in FIG. 11, while driving the cutter body 20 of each small cutter 14, 15, 16 again, the cylindrical frame 19 protrudes radially outward, and the cutter body 20 reaches a predetermined protruding position, As shown in FIG. 12, the main line shield 3 is dug. As shown in FIG. 13, when the main line shield 3 is dug for a predetermined distance, the crescent body 7 is protruded into the widening hole 18, and the widening segment 6 is started to be assembled using the erector 11.

  In this way, the widening cutter 8 is formed by a plurality of small cutters 14, 15, 16, these small cutters 14, 15, 16 are arranged in multiple rows in the circumferential direction, and these small cutters 14, 15, 16 is provided in the crescent body 7 so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction so that it can be protruded and retracted in the radial direction of the main line shield 3. Therefore, the widening cutter 8 can be reduced in size and cost, and the length of the main line shield 3 can be easily reduced. In addition, the widening cutter 8 can have a simple mechanism and can be highly reliable. Further, since the wide cutter 8 is configured by combining the small cutters 14, 15, and 16, the inclination angle of the cutter body 20 with respect to the excavation direction is appropriately adjusted, or small cutters (not shown) having different sizes and shapes are combined. By doing so, the shape of the excavation section can be determined freely, and an ideal excavation shape without waste can be ensured. Furthermore, since each cutter body 20 can be reduced in size, the size of the widening cutter 8 in the digging direction can be reduced, and the shutter 31 can be made smaller.

  Since the small cutters 14, 15, and 16 are formed so as to be reduced in diameter when being accommodated in the main line shield 3 and to be increased in diameter when being protruded from the main line shield 3, the crescent body 7 or the space for accommodating the small cutters 14, 15, 16 formed on the main line shield 3 can be reduced, and the length of the main line shield 3 can be kept short.

  The small cutters 14, 15, and 16 have a cylindrical frame 19 that can be protruded and retracted in the radial direction from the main shield 3, and a cutter body 20 provided at the tip of the cylindrical frame 19. Since the cutter body 20 is configured to protrude and retract in the radial direction by causing the cutter body to protrude and retract in the radial direction, the cutter body 20 can be easily protruded and protruded in the radial direction with a simple mechanism. 16 can be made highly reliable.

  A crescent body 7 for assembling the widening segment 6 to construct the widening tunnel 4 is provided on the main line shield 3 so as to be able to appear and retract, and small cutters 14, 15, 16 are arranged in a plurality in the circumferential direction on the front part of the crescent body 7, In addition, since the telescopic drive device 22 of the small cutters 14, 15, 16 can be reduced in size, the small cutters 14, 15, 16 can be made inexpensive because they are provided so as to be able to appear and retract in the radial direction.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. The description of the same configuration as described above is omitted, and the same reference numerals are given.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the widening shield 40 includes a crescent body 42 that is provided in a main line shield 41 so as to be able to project and retract in the radial direction, and that constructs the widening tunnel 4 by assembling the widening segments 6. It consists of a widening cutter 43 provided on the main line shield 41.

  The crescent main body 42 is slidably accommodated in a main body guide portion 44 formed in the side surface portion of the main line shield 41 so as to be recessed in the radial direction. On the base end side of the crescent main body 42, an opening 45 that is opened in the machine of the main line shield 41 is formed, and building materials such as the widened segment 6 are carried through the opening 45.

  The widening cutter 43 includes a plurality of small cutters 46, 47 and 48. The small cutters 46, 47, 48 are arranged in multiple rows in the circumferential direction on the main shield 41 in front of the crescent body 42, and are provided so as to be able to appear and disappear in the radial direction. The small cutters 46, 47, and 48 have substantially the same structure, and the uppermost small cutter 46 will be described. The small cutter 46 includes a cylindrical frame 49 provided on the main shield 41 so as to be slidable in the radial direction, and a cutter body 20 provided at the tip of the cylindrical frame 49 for excavating natural ground. .

  The cylindrical frame 49 is formed in a cylindrical shape whose end is closed, and is inserted into a guide cylinder 50 formed in the main line shield 41. In the cylindrical frame 49, a jack which is an expansion / contraction driving device 51, a mud feeding pipe 23 and a mud discharging pipe 24, and a cutter driving device 25 are provided. The mud pipe 23 and the mud pipe 24 are piped so as to extend from the cylindrical frame 49 into the guide cylinder 50 and extend through the guide cylinder 50 to the main line shield 41. Thus, the mud pipe 23 and the mud pipe 24 are prevented from being piped into the opening 45 of the crescent main body 42, and building materials such as the widened segment 6 can be easily carried into the crescent main body 42. A seal (not shown) is provided between the cylindrical frame 49 and the guide cylinder 50 so as to prevent water from entering the cylindrical frame 49. Further, the cylindrical frame 49 and the guide cylinder 50 are formed longer than those in the first embodiment, and the cutter body 20 can reach the predetermined protruding position only by protruding the cylindrical frame 49 in the radial direction. It is like that.

  The cutter body 20 is provided on the cylindrical frame 49 so that the excavation surface 17 faces the radially outer side of the main shield 41 and is configured to excavate natural ground in an elliptical view. Yes.

  Further, the main shield 41 is formed with a cutter accommodating portion 52 for accommodating the cutter main body 20 of the widened cutter 43, and the cutter accommodating portion 52 has a shutter (not shown) for closing the cutter accommodating portion 52 so as to be opened and closed. Are provided to be openable and closable.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 16, when the construction of the widening tunnel is started by projecting the crescent main body 42 and the widening cutter 43 radially outward from the main line shield 41 containing the crescent main body 42 and the widening cutter 43, as shown in FIG. In this way, the shutter covering the widening cutter 43 is opened, and the cylindrical frame 49 is projected radially outward while the cutter body 20 of each of the small cutters 46, 47, 48 is driven. At this time, as shown in FIG. 15, the small cutters 46 and 48 positioned at the uppermost stage and the lowermost stage have a small inclination angle of the cutter body 20 with respect to the excavation direction as small as 25 degrees, and the rear end of the cylindrical frame 49 is a natural mountain. It hits. For this reason, the movement of the small cutters 46, 47, 48 in the radial direction is stopped until the position just before the cylindrical frame 49 hits the ground. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 18, the cutter body 20 is expanded in diameter, and as shown in FIG. 19, the main line shield 41 is dug to excavate a natural ground ahead in the digging direction with the cutter body 20.

  As shown in FIG. 20, when the main shield 41 is dug by the length of the rear end of the cylindrical frame 49, the respective small cutters 46, 47, 48 are further projected to reach the cutter body 20 to a predetermined protruding position. .

  As shown in FIG. 21, while driving the cutter body 20 of each of the small cutters 46, 47, and 48, the main shield 41 is dug by the length of the crescent body 42, and as shown in FIG. The crescent main body 42 is projected into the widening hole 18 excavated by 47 and 48, and the widening segment 6 is started to be assembled using the erector 11.

  In this way, the small cutters 46, 47, 48 are arranged in a series in the circumferential direction on the main shield 41 and are provided so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction, and the main shield 41 behind the small cutters 46, 47, 48 is provided. Since the crescent main body 42 for assembling the widening segment 6 and constructing the widening tunnel 4 is provided so as to be able to appear and retract, and the small cutters 46, 47, 48 and the crescent main body 42 are independently projected and retracted from the main shield 41, Unlike the first embodiment, it is not necessary to extend the crescent body 42 to the front of the small cutters 46, 47, 48, and the length of the main shield 41 can be further reduced. Further, it is not necessary to form the guide portion 9 extending to the front of the small cutters 46, 47, 48 on the main shield 41, and the cutter main body 20 of the small cutters 46, 47, 48 is accommodated in front of the small cutters 46, 47, 48. Since it is only necessary to form the cutter accommodating portion 52, the space can be formed inside the cutter accommodating portion 52 in the radial direction, and the limited space in the main line shield 41 can be used effectively.

  In addition, although the cylindrical frames 19 and 49 have a circular cross section, the present invention is not limited to this, and other shapes such as a rectangular shape and a polygonal shape may be used.

It is a front view of the shield machine which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged side view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 3. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. It is principal part plane sectional drawing of the main line shield which accommodated the widening cutter and the crescent main body. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 1st process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 2nd process of moving a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 3rd process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 4th process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 5th process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 6th process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part expanded plane sectional view of the shield machine which shows 2nd Embodiment. It is a side view of FIG. It is principal part plane sectional drawing of the main line shield which accommodated the widening cutter and the crescent main body. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 1st process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 2nd process of moving a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 3rd process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 4th process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 5th process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part plane sectional view of the main line shield which finished the 6th process which moves a widening cutter and a crescent body to a widening position. It is a principal part expanded plan sectional view of the shield machine under development. (A) is a principal part expanded plane sectional view of the shield machine under development, (b) is a back sectional view of (a). It is a back sectional view of the shield machine under development, (a) shows the state where a widening cutter is in a non-operating position, and (b) shows the state where a widening cutter is in an operating position.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 3 Main line shield 4 Widening tunnel 6 Widening segment 7 Crescent main body 8 Widening cutter 14 Small cutter 15 Small cutter 16 Small cutter 19 Cylindrical frame 20 Cutter main body 41 Main line shield 42 Crescent main body 43 Widening cutter 46 Small cutter 47 Small cutter 48 Small cutter 49 Cylindrical frame

Claims (5)

A shield machine having a widening cutter for digging in a radial direction on a main line shield, the widening cutter being a plurality of small cutters having a cutter pork provided on a rotating shaft and a cutter bit provided on the cutter pork. In addition to forming, these small cutters are arranged in multiple rows in the circumferential direction and inclined so that the excavation surface faces the front in the digging direction and radially outwards , and these can be projected and retracted in the radial direction. Shield digging machine, characterized in that it was installed in. The cutter pork is formed to be extendable and contracted, and the small cutter is contracted by reducing the diameter of the cutter pork when housed in the main shield, and extends the cutter pork when protruding from the main shield. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the shield machine is formed so as to expand and contract so as to expand the diameter.   The small cutter has a cylindrical frame that can be protruded and retracted in the radial direction from the main line shield, and has a cutter body provided at the tip of the cylindrical frame, and the cylindrical frame is protruded and retracted in the radial direction. The shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutter body is configured to appear and disappear in a radial direction.   A crescent body that builds a widening tunnel by assembling widening segments is provided on the main shield so that it can be moved in and out, and the small cutters are arranged in multiple rows in the circumferential direction at the front of the crescent body, and can be protruded and retracted in the radial direction. The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is provided.   The crescent main body which arranges the above-mentioned small cutters in the circumferential direction in multiple lines on the main line shield, and is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction, and constructs a widening tunnel by assembling widening segments to the main line shield behind these small cutters The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the small cutter and the crescent main body are independently projected and retracted from the main line shield.

Images