JP4504826B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine used for constructing a tunnel having a partially widened portion in a tunnel cross section such as a junction or a branch in a road tunnel.

The shield tunnel is generally excavated with the same cross section from the start shaft to the end. And when a tunnel cross-section widening is required on the way like an emergency parking zone of a road tunnel, for example, it has been a general practice to excavate a cross section including a cross section of the widened section over the entire line from the beginning with a large cross section. .
However, the widening section is one section that is extremely limited in the entire tunnel line, but the cross section of the entire tunnel line becomes large, so that the amount of excavated soil is large, the load on the environment increases, and the lining and shielding machines also increase. There were problems such as being uneconomical.

For this reason, examples of methods for partially widening the tunnel include the ES-tube method and the crescent method.
The ES-Tube method uses a shield machine equipped with an extendable cutter mechanism that expands and contracts the diameter of the cutter bit and a shield cross-section enlargement mechanism that temporarily extends both sides of the shield machine fuselage. (See Non-Patent Document 1).
The Crescent method is a technology that excavates an emergency parking zone, etc., using a cutter device built in a sphere built into the shield machine body, assembles a crescent-shaped segment on the outside of the main body segment, and combines the main line and widened part (non- Patent Document 2).
Developed “ES-Tube” construction method that can freely expand and reduce the shield excavation cross-section-Demonstrating power in long-distance shield construction for power and gas construction in deep underground-2000 August 3rd "<http://www.shimz.co.jp/news_release2000/364.html> Construction of emergency parking zone and main line tunnel with one shield machine -Development of wide branching shield "Crescent" construction method- "May 22, 2003"<http://www.taisei.co.jp/release/2003/may/may04.html>

However, the ES-Tube method has a problem that the cutter part on the front surface of the shield machine becomes complicated and expensive because it includes an extendable cutter mechanism that expands and contracts the diameter of the cutter bit.
In addition, the Crescent method has a problem that the cutter device built in the sphere is incorporated so as to be rotatable with respect to the front cylinder, and thus becomes complicated and expensive.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine for excavating a partially widened portion including a widened portion of a tunnel, and to make the configuration for projecting a partially widened cutter simple and inexpensive.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a shield machine having a cutter on the front surface of the main body as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. A slide case that is slidable outward toward the peripheral surface of the main body, and is attached to the tip of this slide case with an angle bent so that the cutter surface faces obliquely forward. A partial widening cutter that can project outward from the peripheral surface of the main body by sliding movement to the main body, and between the slide case and the main body, the partial widening cutter projects outward from the peripheral surface of the main body, and the main body a cutter projecting operation mechanism for storing operation within, provided in an opening of the body peripheral surface, and a storage case for storing the slide case and the widening cutter, the slide case A cutter driving mechanism for rotating the partial widening cutter on the front surface of a cutter supporting surface plate supported by a cutter supporting surface plate bearing provided in a chamber formed therein, and a muddy water to the chamber And a mud pipe for draining mud from the chamber, and the slide case is slidably incorporated with respect to the storage case. A waterproof seal is provided between the peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case. During storage, the slide case and the partial widening cutter are stored in the storage case, and earth and sand are stored in the storage case. It prevents the inside of the main body from entering between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case. The partial widening cutter is made to project by projecting the partial widening cutter and projecting to the ground, and the partial widening part is excavated by the partial widening cutter of the cutter support face plate rotated by the cutter driving mechanism. The discharged earth and sand are discharged into the main body through the chamber and the mud pipe in the slide case .

As described above, since the shield machine is equipped with a cutter for partially widening protruding from the peripheral surface of the main body and a cutter protruding operation mechanism for performing the protruding storing operation, it is not necessary to change the front cutter portion, and the cutter device built in the sphere has a front barrel portion. The partial widened portion can be partially excavated by projecting the partial widening cutter from the peripheral surface of the main body while digging with the front cutter. In addition, after excavation of the predetermined partial widened portion, the partial widening cutter can be stored in the main body by the cutter protruding operation mechanism.
Then, the cutter widening cutter is mounted between the slide case and the inside of the main body, and is attached to the front end of the slide case with an angle bent so that the cutter surface faces obliquely forward. Due to the operation method of projecting outward from the peripheral surface of the main body by sliding it outward by driving, the projecting operation of the partially widening cutter during excavation with the front cutter can be easily performed, and the partial widening part during shield excavation Can be excavated reliably.
In addition, the partial widening cutter is assembled so as to protrude outward from the peripheral surface of the main body by sliding the slide case outward with respect to the main body, and a cutter protruding operation mechanism is provided between the slide case and the main body. Is simple and inexpensive.
In addition, a plurality of widened portions can be constructed by repeatedly projecting and retracting the partial widening cutter.

  In addition, the slide case provided with a partial widening cutter at the distal end by bending the angle so that the cutter surface faces obliquely forward is an operation method in which the slide case is slid outward. Compared with an operation method in which the sliding movement is performed obliquely forward, the inclination angle of the slide case with respect to the peripheral surface of the main body can be increased, so that the length of the shield machine is short.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the shield machine according to claim 1, wherein, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 7, the cutter protruding operation mechanism 31 includes the slide case 30 and the main body. It is a double-action jack erected between the inside and the inside.

  In this way, by driving the double-action jack erected between the slide case and the inside of the main body, the partial widening cutter at the tip of the slide case slides obliquely forward and reliably projects while digging with the front cutter. . Further, the external force that the partial widening cutter receives from the natural ground during excavation is received by the double-action jack.

A third aspect of the present invention is the shield machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein , for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 , the storage case forms an acute angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the main body. And is fixed obliquely in the main body .

  Invention of Claim 4 is a shielding machine as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3, Comprising: For example, as shown in FIGS. 9-12, it forms in the said main body peripheral surface (skin plate 1) The opening 41 for projecting the partial widening cutter 20 is provided with a gate 50 for opening and closing the opening.

  In this way, the opening for protruding the partially widening cutter on the peripheral surface of the main body is closed by the gate that opens and closes the opening except when the partial widened portion is excavated. During partial excavation, the partial widening cutter slides obliquely forward from the opening where the gate is opened and reliably projects.

According to the present invention, the partial widening cutter can be easily protruded during excavation by the front cutter, and the partial widening portion can be reliably excavated during shield excavation, and the partial widening cutter can be removed from the peripheral surface of the main body. There is an advantage that the configuration for projecting outward can be simple and inexpensive.
Moreover, since the inclination angle of the slide case with respect to the peripheral surface of the main body can be made large, there is an advantage that the length of the shield machine is short.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine includes a skin plate 1, a partition wall 2, a front cutter support face plate 3, a cutter 4, a copy cutter 5, a chamber 6, an agitator 7, a cutter support face plate bearing 8, and a cutter drive. Electric motor 9, earth and sand seal 10, tail seal 11, shield jack 12, erector device 13, mud pipe 14, mud pipe 15, rear work table 16, segment shape holding device 17, upper connecting segment pushing device 18, The lower connecting segment pushing device 19 and the partial widening cutter 20 are provided.

The partial widening cutter 20 is incorporated in the shield machine main body, and is provided on the upper and lower portions of the front portion of the skin plate 1 so as to protrude and retract as shown in FIG.
That is, the partial widening cutter 20 is provided on the front surface of the cutter support surface plate 21 as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. The cutter support face plate 21 is provided at a front bent portion 32 formed at the tip of the slide case 30.
That is, the cutter support surface plate 21 is supported by the cutter support surface plate bearing 23 provided in the chamber 22 formed in the front side portion of the front side bent portion 32 of the slide case 30, and the gear is placed in the front side bent portion 32 of the slide case 30. A mechanism 24 and a cutter driving mechanism 25 are incorporated. In the embodiment, the cutter driving mechanism 25 is a cutter driving hydraulic motor.

The slide case 30 has a cylindrical shape with an open bottom, and is provided with a front bent portion 32 joined to the tip. As shown in FIG. 6, the slide case 30 is incorporated in a storage case 40 that opens in the skin plate 1 of the shield machine body, and a cutter protruding operation mechanism 31 is provided between the slide case 30 and the storage case 40. Is provided. The cutter protruding operation mechanism 31 is a hydraulic double-action jack in the embodiment.
The slide case 30 is incorporated so as to be slidable with respect to a cylindrical storage case 40 that is obliquely fixed in the main body so as to form an acute angle with respect to the skin plate 1, and thereby the cutter formed on the skin plate 1. A sliding movement is made obliquely outward and forward with respect to the projecting opening 41. In FIG. 5, 26 is a mud pipe and 27 is a mud pipe.
Note that a front storage portion 46 corresponding to the front bent portion 32 and the partial widening cutter 20 of the slide case 30 is integrally formed on the cutter projecting opening 41 side of the slide case 30.

The double-action jack 31 is installed between the bottom in the storage case 40 and the front side bent portion 32 of the slide case 30. As shown in FIG. 7, three double-acting jacks 31 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction inside the slide case 30, and when retracted, they are in a contracted state as shown by the solid line, As a result, the slide case 30 and the partial widening cutter 20 are stored in the storage case 40.
A pipe access opening 42 is formed at the bottom of the storage case 40. The mud pipe 26 and the mud pipe 27 are passed through the pipe access opening 42. A hydraulic pipe (not shown) is also passed through the pipe access opening 42.
Here, as a protection of the pipes when the cutter of the slide case 30 is projected and retracted, the pipe is made flexible by using a hose. The illustration shows the correspondence of the feed and discharge mud water pipe, but the hydraulic pipe can also be handled in the same manner.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a guide metal 43 is provided in front of the front storage portion 46 of the storage case 40 to guide the slide accompanying the slide operation of the slide case 30. A double water-stop seal 44 is provided around the periphery by an O-ring or packing.

  As described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper work segment pushing device 18 and the lower work segment pushing device 19 are provided in the rear work table 16 equipped in the shield machine having the partial widening cutter 20 as described above. It has been. The upper connecting segment pushing device 18 is fixed on the rear work table 16, and the lower connecting segment pushing device 19 is movable below the rear work table 16, and is also shown in FIG. Thus, both the front-back direction and the left-right direction are comprised with the some hydraulic jack.

Next, a procedure for constructing a junction / diverging section of a tunnel using the above shield machine will be described.
First, the tunnel is normally dug by the front cutter 4 and the segments are assembled by the rear erector device 13 to cover the segment ring 101.
Then, when reaching the start time for constructing the junction / divergence part, the excavation by the front cutter 4 is continued and the double-action jack 31 is extended to move the partial widening cutter 20 at the front part of the skin plate 1 up and down. The upper and lower partial widened portions are projected by the partial widening cutter 20 of the cutter support face plate 21 that is driven to project in synchronism with the ground and is extended to the ground and rotated by the drive of the cutter driving hydraulic motor 25 via the gear mechanism 24. Start drilling.

In the partial widening excavation, the sliding action of the double-acting jack 31 causes the slide case 30 to slide obliquely outward and forward, and the partial widening cutter 20 provided on the front bent portion 32 rotates while the skin plate 1 rotates. Begin to protrude up and down. At this time, the external force in the propulsion direction received by the partial widening cutter 20 from the natural ground is received by the three double-action jacks 31 in the circumferential direction. In order to facilitate the protrusion of the partial widening cutter 20, the cutter supporting face plate 21 may be provided with a copy cutter.
Then, in the section corresponding to the upper and lower partial widened portion excavation work by the partial widening cutter 20, the steel segment 102 and the same shape as the segment ring 101 are lined up and down by the erector device 13. The steel segment 102 incorporates a connecting segment 103 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.

Subsequently, at the time when the rear work table 16 is released from the shield tail (seal) 11 as it advances (is left on the ground), the upper connection segment pushing device 18 and the lower connection are immediately released. By the extension operation of the hydraulic jack of the segment pushing device 19, the connecting segment 103 is pushed from the upper and lower steel segments 102 into the excavation part widening portion.
The above-described excavation and lining accompanied with the partial widening excavation are continuously performed until a predetermined section, that is, the design length of the merging portion / dividing portion is reached.

  When the design length of the junction / divergence portion is reached, the partial widening cutter 20 is stored in the skin plate 1 by the contraction operation of the double-action jack 31 to perform normal excavation and the steel segment 102. The segment ring 101 is lined by assembling only normal segments that do not use.

The above-described excavation and lining accompanied with the partial widening excavation are performed by arranging a lamp tunnel next to the main tunnel using, for example, shield machines having the same configuration but different sizes.
FIG. 8 shows an example of construction of the tunnel junction / diverging section, where T is a main tunnel and R is a ramp tunnel.

First, in the widening section where the lining has been completed, the chemical injection 111 is applied to the upper and lower grounds between the main tunnel T and the ramp tunnel R from the inside of the lining tunnel.
Next, in the upper and lower chemical liquid injectors 111, an arch-shaped support 112 is formed between the main tunnel T and the connecting segment 103 of the lamp tunnel R by long steel pipe fore-piling.
Then, between the main tunnel T and the ramp tunnel R, a natural ground between the upper and lower support works 112 is excavated.

Next, a steel shell 113 is installed over the connecting segment 103 of the main tunnel T and the lamp tunnel R, and a concrete placement work is performed in the steel shell 113.
Thereafter, the segments adjacent to each other in the segment ring 101 of the main tunnel T and the lamp tunnel R are removed, and the main tunnel T and the lamp tunnel R are continued in the horizontal direction as shown in the figure.
This completes the construction of the junction and diversion part of the shield tunnel.

[Second Embodiment]
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the cutter protruding opening 41 is provided with a gate 50 for opening and closing the opening, and the same portion as the first embodiment described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in the figure, the gate 50 is a single-sided arc-shaped door that opens and closes the cutter projection opening 41 by being incorporated inside the skin plate 1 and moving along the circumferential direction. A gate opening / closing operation mechanism 51 is provided between the inner side of the skin plate 1 and the inside of the skin plate 1. In this embodiment, the gate opening / closing operation mechanism 51 is two hydraulic jacks arranged front and rear along the circumferential direction of the skin plate 1.
The hydraulic jack 51 is disposed in a side storage portion 45 formed continuously on one side of the front portion of the storage case 40.

As described above, the gate 50 moves inside the skin plate 1 along the circumferential direction by the expansion / contraction operation of the hydraulic jack 51 to open and close the cutter projecting opening 41.
More specifically, the cutter protruding opening 41 is held closed by the gate 50 when digging with only the normal front cutter 4. Further, at the time of excavation of the partially widened portion, the gate 50 is held immediately before that, and the partially widened cutter 20 is projected from the cutter projecting opening 41.

In the above embodiment, the construction is for construction of the junction / divergence section of the main tunnel and the ramp tunnel, but the present invention is not limited to this, and construction of the widened section such as an emergency parking zone. May be.
In the embodiment, the muddy water type shield is used. However, an earth pressure type shield may be used, and it is needless to say that a specific detailed structure of the shield machine can be appropriately changed. For example, the slide case and the storage case are not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a rectangular tube shape or other cross-sectional shapes.

The structure of 1st Embodiment to which this invention is applied is shown, and it is a vertical side view of a shield machine. It is a front view of the front cutter of FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal rear view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 1 is incorporated. It is a vertical front view of the part in which the segment pushing device of Drawing 1 was built. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 1 is incorporated. It is a front view of the part in which the cutter for partial widening of FIG. 5 was incorporated. It is a schematic block diagram in the slide case seen from the arrow A direction of FIG. It is a vertical front view which shows the construction example of a tunnel merge part and a diversion part. The structure of 2nd Embodiment to which this invention is applied is shown, and it is a vertical side view of a shield machine. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal front view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 9 is incorporated. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 9 is incorporated. It is a front view of the part in which the cutter for partial widening of FIG. 11 was incorporated.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Skin plate 4 Front cutter 18/19 Connection segment pushing device 20 Partial widening cutter 21 Cutter support face plate 22 Chamber 23 Cutter support face plate bearing 24 Gear mechanism 25 Cutter drive mechanism (hydraulic motor for cutter drive)
26 Mud pipe 27 Mud pipe 30 Sliding case 31 Cutter projecting mechanism (double-acting jack)
32 Front bent portion 40 Storage case 41 Cutter projecting opening 42 Pipe access opening 43 Guide metal 44 Water stop seal 45 Side storage portion 46 Front storage portion 50 Gate 51 Gate opening / closing mechanism (jack)
101 Segment Ring 102 Steel Segment 103 Connection Segment 113 Steel Shell T Main Line Tunnel R Lamp Tunnel

Claims (4)

A shield machine with a cutter on the front of the main body,
A slide case capable of sliding outward from the inside of the main body toward the peripheral surface of the main body,
For the widening of the part that can be stored in the main body and can be stored in the main body and protrude outward from the peripheral surface of the slide case by sliding the slide case outward. With cutter,
A cutter protruding operation mechanism that is provided between the slide case and the inside of the main body, causes the partial widening cutter to protrude outward from the peripheral surface of the main body, and stores in the main body ;
A storage case for storing the slide case and the widening cutter, provided in the opening of the peripheral surface of the main body,
The slide case includes a cutter driving mechanism for rotating the partial widening cutter and including the partial widening cutter on a front surface of a cutter supporting surface plate supported by a cutter supporting surface plate bearing provided in a chamber formed therein. And a built-in mud pipe for supplying mud water to the chamber and a mud pipe for discharging mud water from the chamber,
Furthermore, the slide case is slidably incorporated in the storage case,
A water stop seal provided between the inner peripheral surface of the storage case and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case;
During storage, the slide case and the partial widening cutter are stored in the storage case, and earth and sand enter the main body from between the inner peripheral surface of the storage case and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case. Prevent,
At the time of excavation of the partially widened portion, the cutter projecting operation mechanism is extended to cause the partial widening cutter to project and project to the ground, and the cutter support face plate that is rotationally driven by the cutter driving mechanism. A shield machine characterized in that a partially widened portion is excavated by a partial widening cutter, and the excavated earth and sand are discharged into the main body through the chamber and the mud pipe in the slide case .   The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the cutter protruding operation mechanism is a double-action jack erected between the slide case and the inside of the main body. The shield case according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the storage case is fixed obliquely in the main body so as to form an acute angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the main body .  The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a gate that opens and closes the opening is provided in an opening formed on the peripheral surface of the main body and projecting the partial widening cutter.

Images