JP4668631B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine used for constructing a tunnel having a partially widened portion in a tunnel cross section such as a junction or a branch in a road tunnel.

The shield tunnel is generally excavated with the same cross section from the start shaft to the end. And when a tunnel cross-section widening is required on the way like an emergency parking zone of a road tunnel, for example, it has been a general practice to excavate a cross section including a cross section of the widened section over the entire line from the beginning with a large cross section. .
However, the widening section is one section that is extremely limited in the entire tunnel line, but the cross section of the entire tunnel line becomes large, so that the amount of excavated soil is large, the load on the environment increases, and the lining and shielding machines also increase. There were problems such as being uneconomical.

For this reason, examples of methods for partially widening the tunnel include the ES-tube method and the crescent method.
The ES-Tube method uses a shield machine equipped with an extendable cutter mechanism that expands and contracts the diameter of the cutter bit and a shield cross-section enlargement mechanism that temporarily projects both sides of the shield machine body, and emergency parking zones for road tunnels, etc. (See Non-Patent Document 1).
The Crescent method is a technology that excavates an emergency parking zone, etc., using a cutter device built in a sphere built into the body of the shield machine, assembles a crescent-shaped segment outside the main body segment, and combines the main line and widened part (non- Patent Document 2).
Developed “ES-Tube” construction method that can freely expand and reduce the shield excavation cross-section-Demonstrating power in long-distance shield construction for electric power and gas construction in deep underground-2000 August 3rd "<http://www.shimz.co.jp/news_release2000/364.html> Construction of emergency parking zone and main line tunnel with one shield machine -Development of wide branching shield "Crescent" construction method- "May 22, 2003"<http://www.taisei.co.jp/release/2003/may/may04.html>

However, the ES-Tube method has a problem that the cutter part on the front surface of the shield machine becomes complicated and expensive because it includes an extendable cutter mechanism that expands and contracts the diameter of the cutter bit.
In addition, the Crescent method has a problem that the cutter device built in the sphere is incorporated so as to be rotatable with respect to the front cylinder, and thus becomes complicated and expensive.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine for excavating a partially widened portion including a widened portion of a tunnel, and to make a configuration for projecting a partially widened cutter simple and inexpensive.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a shield machine having a cutter on the front surface of the main body as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 5 to 7, for example. A part widening cutter that can be stowed diagonally forward and can slide forward and project outward from the peripheral surface of the main body, and is provided between the partial widening cutter and the inside of the main body. A cutter projecting mechanism for causing the widening cutter to project outward from the peripheral surface of the main body and retracting it into the main body, and the cutter support face plate supported by a cutter support face plate bearing provided in a chamber formed inside the cutter. with partial widening cutter is provided, a sliding case which incorporates a cutter driving mechanism for driving the portion widening cutter, a flexible Okudoro pipe for supplying muddy water to said chamber, said Ji A flexible Haidorokan for waste sludge and mud from Nba, provided in an opening of the body peripheral surface, and a storage case for storing the slide case and said cutter projecting operation mechanism, further, the slide case, It is slidably incorporated with respect to the storage case fixed obliquely in the main body so as to form an acute angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the main body, and the inner peripheral surface of the storage case and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case A waterproof seal is provided between the slide case and the partial widening cutter during storage, and earth and sand are placed between the inner peripheral surface of the storage case and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case. From the inside of the main body, and at the time of excavation of the partially widened portion, the cutter protruding operation mechanism is extended and the partial widening cutter is extended to be stretched to the ground. In addition, the partially widened portion is excavated by the partial widening cutter of the cutter support face plate that is rotationally driven by the cutter driving mechanism, and the excavated earth and sand are passed through the chamber and the mud drain pipe in the slide case. It discharges inside the main body.

As described above, since the shield machine is equipped with a cutter for partially widening protruding from the peripheral surface of the main body and a cutter protruding operation mechanism for performing the protruding storing operation, it is not necessary to change the front cutter portion, and the cutter device built in the sphere has a front barrel portion. The partial widened portion can be partially excavated by projecting the partial widening cutter from the peripheral surface of the main body while digging with the front cutter. In addition, after excavation of the predetermined partial widened portion, the partial widening cutter can be stored in the main body by the cutter protruding operation mechanism.
Then, the partial widening cutter in the retracted state with the cutter surface facing diagonally forward in the main body is moved outward from the peripheral surface of the main body by sliding and moving diagonally forward by driving the cutter protruding operation mechanism provided between the main body and the inside. Therefore, the partial widening cutter can be easily projected during the excavation by the front cutter, and the partial widening portion can be reliably excavated during the shield excavation.
In addition, the partial widening cutter is assembled so as to project outward from the peripheral surface of the main body by sliding obliquely forward with respect to the main body, and a cutter projecting operation mechanism is provided between the partial widening cutter and the main body. Is simple and inexpensive.
In addition, a plurality of widened portions can be constructed by repeatedly projecting and retracting the partial widening cutter.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the shielding machine according to claim 1, wherein, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 7, the cutter projecting operation mechanism 31 includes the partial widening cutter 20. It is a double-action jack erected between the inside of the main body.

  In this way, by driving the double-action jack erected between the partial widening cutter and the inside of the main body, the partial widening cutter slides obliquely forward and reliably projects during the excavation by the front cutter. Further, the external force that the partial widening cutter receives from the natural ground during excavation is received by the double-action jack.

The invention according to claim 3 is the shield machine according to claim 1 or 2 , and is formed on the peripheral surface of the main body (skin plate 1), for example, as shown in FIGS. The opening 41 for projecting the cutter 20 is provided with a gate 50 for opening and closing the opening.

  In this way, the opening for protruding the partially widening cutter on the peripheral surface of the main body is closed by the gate that opens and closes the opening except when the partial widened portion is excavated. During partial excavation, the partial widening cutter slides obliquely forward from the opening where the gate is opened and reliably projects.

Invention of Claim 4 is the shielding machine of Claim 1 or 2 , Comprising: For example, as shown in FIGS. 1-16, it forms in the said main body peripheral surface (skin plate 1), and the said partial widening A gate 60 that opens and closes at a position immediately before the cutter surface in the retracted state of the partial widening cutter 20 is provided inside the opening 41 through which the cutting cutter 20 protrudes.

  Thus, the opening for protruding the partially widening cutter on the peripheral surface of the main body is closed by the gate that opens and closes at the position immediately before the cutter surface in the retracted state of the partially widening cutter except during the excavation of the partially widened portion. Therefore, when the partially widened portion is excavated, the partial widening cutter slides obliquely forward from the position immediately before the cutter surface where the gate is opened, and reliably projects from the opening.

  According to the present invention, the partial widening cutter can be easily protruded during excavation by the front cutter, and the partial widening portion can be reliably excavated during shield excavation, and the partial widening cutter can be removed from the peripheral surface of the main body. There is an advantage that the configuration for projecting outward can be simple and inexpensive.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine includes a skin plate 1, a partition wall 2, a front cutter support face plate 3, a cutter 4, a copy cutter 5, a chamber 6, an agitator 7, a cutter support face plate bearing 8, and a cutter drive. Electric motor 9, earth and sand seal 10, tail seal 11, shield jack 12, erector device 13, mud pipe 14, mud pipe 15, rear work table 16, segment shape holding device 17, upper connecting segment pushing device 18, The lower connecting segment pushing device 19 and the partial widening cutter 20 are provided.

The partial widening cutter 20 is incorporated in the shield machine main body, and is provided on the upper and lower portions of the front portion of the skin plate 1 so as to protrude and retract as shown in FIG.
That is, the partial widening cutter 20 is provided on the front surface of the cutter support surface plate 21 as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. The cutter support face plate 21 is supported by a cutter support face plate bearing 23 provided in a chamber 22 formed on the front side portion of the slide case 30, and a gear mechanism 24 and a cutter drive mechanism 25 are incorporated in the slide case 30. . In the embodiment, the cutter driving mechanism 25 is a cutter driving hydraulic motor.

The slide case 30 has a cylindrical shape with an open bottom, and as shown in FIG. 6, the slide case 30 is incorporated in a storage case 40 that opens to the skin plate 1 of the shield machine body. A cutter projecting mechanism 31 is provided between the two. The cutter protruding operation mechanism 31 is a hydraulic double-action jack in the embodiment.
The slide case 30 is incorporated so as to be slidable with respect to a cylindrical storage case 40 that is obliquely fixed in the main body so as to form an acute angle with respect to the skin plate 1, and thereby the cutter formed on the skin plate 1. The projection opening 41 slides obliquely forward. In FIG. 5, 26 is a mud pipe and 27 is a mud pipe.

The double-action jack 31 is installed between the bottom part in the storage case 40 and the front part of the slide case 30. As shown in FIG. 7, three double-acting jacks 31 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction inside the slide case 30, and when retracted, they are in a contracted state as shown by the solid line, As a result, the slide case 30 and the partial widening cutter 20 are stored in the storage case 40.
A pipe access opening 42 is formed at the bottom of the storage case 40. The mud pipe 26 and the mud pipe 27 are passed through the pipe access opening 42. A hydraulic pipe (not shown) is also passed through the pipe access opening 42.
Here, as a protection of the pipes when the cutter of the slide case 30 is projected and retracted, the pipe is made flexible by using a hose. The illustration shows the correspondence of the feed and discharge mud water pipe, but the hydraulic pipe can also be handled in the same manner.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a guide metal 43 that guides the sliding accompanying the sliding operation of the slide case 30 is provided in the intermediate portion of the storage case 40, and an O-ring is provided on the inner periphery of the guide metal 43. A double water-stop seal 44 by packing is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the upper work segment pushing device 18 and the lower connection segment pushing device 19 are provided on the rear work table 16 equipped in the shield machine having the partial widening cutter 20 as described above. It has been. The upper connecting segment pushing device 18 is fixed on the rear work table 16, and the lower connecting segment pushing device 19 is movable below the rear work table 16, and is also shown in FIG. Thus, both the front-back direction and the left-right direction are comprised with the some hydraulic jack.

Next, a procedure for constructing a junction / diverging section of a tunnel using the above shield machine will be described.
First, the tunnel is normally dug by the front cutter 4 and the segments are assembled by the rear erector device 13 to cover the segment ring 101.
Then, when reaching the start point of construction of the junction / divergence portion, the excavation by the front cutter 4 continues and the double-action jack 31 is extended to move the partial widening cutter 20 at the front of the skin plate 1 up and down. The upper and lower partial widened portions are projected by the partial widening cutter 20 of the cutter support face plate 21 that is driven to project in synchronism with the ground and is extended to the ground and rotated by the drive of the cutter driving hydraulic motor 25 via the gear mechanism 24. Start drilling.

In the partial widening excavation, the slide case 30 slides obliquely forward by the extension operation of the double-action jack 31, and the partial widening cutter 20 starts to protrude vertically from the skin plate 1 while rotating. At this time, the external force in the propulsion direction received by the partial widening cutter 20 from the natural ground is received by the three double-action jacks 31 in the circumferential direction. In order to facilitate the protrusion of the partial widening cutter 20, the cutter supporting face plate 21 may be provided with a copy cutter.
Then, in the section corresponding to the upper and lower partial widened portion excavation work by the partial widening cutter 20, the steel segment 102 and the same shape as the segment ring 101 are lined up and down by the erector device 13. The steel segment 102 incorporates a connecting segment 103 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.

Subsequently, at the time when the rear work table 16 is released from the shield tail (seal) 11 as it advances (is left on the ground), the upper connection segment pushing device 18 and the lower connection are immediately released. By the extension operation of the hydraulic jack of the segment pushing device 19, the connecting segment 103 is pushed from the upper and lower steel segments 102 into the excavation part widening portion.
The above-described excavation and lining accompanied with the partial widening excavation are continuously performed until a predetermined section, that is, the design length of the merging portion / dividing portion is reached.

  When the design length of the junction / divergence portion is reached, the partial widening cutter 20 is stored in the skin plate 1 by the contraction operation of the double-action jack 31 to perform normal excavation and the steel segment 102. The segment ring 101 is lined by assembling only normal segments that do not use.

The above-described excavation and lining accompanied with the partial widening excavation are performed by arranging a lamp tunnel next to the main tunnel using, for example, shield machines having the same configuration but different sizes.
FIG. 8 shows an example of construction of the tunnel junction / diverging section, where T is a main tunnel and R is a ramp tunnel.

First, in the widening section where the lining has been completed, the chemical injection 111 is applied to the upper and lower grounds between the main tunnel T and the ramp tunnel R from the inside of the lining tunnel.
Next, in the upper and lower chemical liquid injectors 111, an arch-shaped support 112 is formed between the main tunnel T and the connecting segment 103 of the lamp tunnel R by long steel pipe fore-piling.
Then, between the main tunnel T and the ramp tunnel R, a natural ground between the upper and lower support works 112 is excavated.

Next, a steel shell 113 is installed over the connecting segment 103 of the main tunnel T and the lamp tunnel R, and a concrete placement work is performed in the steel shell 113.
Thereafter, the segments adjacent to each other in the segment ring 101 of the main tunnel T and the lamp tunnel R are removed, and the main tunnel T and the lamp tunnel R are continued in the horizontal direction as shown in the figure.
This completes the construction of the junction and diversion part of the shield tunnel.

[Second Embodiment]
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the cutter protruding opening 41 is provided with a gate 50 for opening and closing the opening, and the same portion as the first embodiment described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in the figure, the gate 50 is a single-sided arc-shaped door that opens and closes the cutter projection opening 41 by being incorporated inside the skin plate 1 and moving along the circumferential direction. A gate opening / closing operation mechanism 51 is provided between the inner side of the skin plate 1 and the inside of the skin plate 1. In this embodiment, the gate opening / closing operation mechanism 51 is two hydraulic jacks arranged front and rear along the circumferential direction of the skin plate 1.
The hydraulic jack 51 is disposed in a side storage portion 45 formed continuously on one side of the front portion of the storage case 40.

As described above, the gate 50 moves inside the skin plate 1 along the circumferential direction by the expansion / contraction operation of the hydraulic jack 51 to open and close the cutter protruding opening 41.
More specifically, the cutter protrusion opening 41 is held closed by the gate 50 when digging with only the normal front cutter 4. Further, at the time of excavation of the partially widened portion, the gate 50 is held immediately before that, and the partially widened cutter 20 is projected from the cutter projecting opening 41.

[Third Embodiment]
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 16, a gate 60 that opens and closes at a position just inside the cutter projecting opening 41 and immediately before the cutter surface in the retracted state of the partial widening cutter 20. The same parts as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
As shown in the figure, the gate 60 is a two-plate door that opens and closes at a position immediately before the cutter surface in the storage state of the partial widening cutter 20 in the intermediate portion of the storage case 40. A gate opening / closing operation mechanism 61 is provided between the inner portion and the inner portion. In this embodiment, the gate opening / closing mechanism 61 is a hydraulic jack installed in the lateral direction on the inner side of the skin plate 1.
In the illustrated example, the left and right gates 60 and the hydraulic jack 61 are respectively disposed in side storage portions 46 formed continuously on both sides of the intermediate portion of the storage case 40.

As described above, the gates 60 open and close the position immediately before the cutter surface in the retracted state of the partial widening cutter 20 by the synchronized expansion and contraction operations of the hydraulic jacks 61.
Specifically, at the time of excavation using only the normal front cutter 4, the position immediately before the cutter surface of the partially widened cutter 20 in the retracted state is held closed by both gates 50. Further, at the time of excavation of the partially widened portion, both gates 50 are held immediately before that, and the partially widened cutter 20 is projected from the cutter projecting opening 41.

In the above embodiment, the construction is for construction of the junction / divergence section of the main tunnel and the ramp tunnel, but the present invention is not limited to this, and construction of the widened section such as an emergency parking zone. May be.
In the embodiment, the muddy water type shield is used. However, an earth pressure type shield may be used, and it is needless to say that a specific detailed structure of the shield machine can be appropriately changed. For example, the slide case and the storage case are not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a rectangular tube shape or other cross-sectional shapes.

The structure of 1st Embodiment to which this invention is applied is shown, and it is a vertical side view of a shield machine. It is a front view of the front cutter of FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal rear view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 1 is incorporated. It is a vertical front view of the part in which the segment pushing device of Drawing 1 was built. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 1 is incorporated. It is a front view of the part in which the cutter for partial widening of FIG. 5 was incorporated. It is a schematic block diagram in the slide case seen from the arrow A direction of FIG. It is a vertical front view which shows the construction example of a tunnel merge part and a diversion part. The structure of 2nd Embodiment to which this invention is applied is shown, and it is a vertical side view of a shield machine. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal front view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 9 is incorporated. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 9 is incorporated. It is a front view of the part in which the cutter for partial widening of FIG. 11 was incorporated. The structure of 3rd Embodiment to which this invention is applied is shown, and it is a vertical side view of a shield machine. It is a vertical front view of the part in which the cutter for partial widening of FIG. 13 was incorporated. FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a portion in which the partial widening cutter of FIG. 13 is incorporated. It is a front view of the part in which the cutter for partial widening of FIG. 15 was incorporated.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Skin plate 4 Front cutter 18/19 Connection segment pushing device 20 Partial widening cutter 21 Cutter support face plate 22 Chamber 23 Cutter support face plate bearing 24 Gear mechanism 25 Cutter drive mechanism (hydraulic motor for cutter drive)
26 Mud pipe 27 Mud pipe 30 Sliding case 31 Cutter projecting mechanism (double-acting jack)
40 Storage Case 41 Cutter Projecting Opening 42 Piping Accessing Opening 43 Guide Metal 44 Water Seal 45/46 Side Storage 50 Gate 51 Gate Opening / Closing Mechanism (Jack)
60 Gate 61 Gate opening / closing mechanism (jack)
101 Segment Ring 102 Steel Segment 103 Connection Segment 113 Steel Shell T Main Line Tunnel R Lamp Tunnel

Claims (4)

A shield machine with a cutter on the front of the main body,
A cutter for partial widening that can be stored in the body with the cutter surface facing obliquely forward, slidable obliquely forward, and can protrude outward from the peripheral surface of the main body,
A cutter projecting mechanism that is provided between the partial widening cutter and the inside of the main body, causes the partial widening cutter to project outward from the peripheral surface of the main body, and retracts into the main body;
A slide case including a cutter for driving the partial widening cutter and a cutter driving mechanism for driving the partial widening cutter provided on a front surface of a cutter support surface plate supported by a cutter support surface plate bearing provided in a chamber formed therein; ,
A flexible mud pipe supplying mud water to the chamber;
A flexible drainage pipe for draining mud from the chamber;
A storage case for storing the slide case and the cutter projecting operation mechanism provided in the opening of the peripheral surface of the main body,
Furthermore, the slide case is slidably incorporated with respect to the storage case fixed obliquely in the main body so as to form an acute angle with respect to the peripheral surface of the main body,
A water stop seal is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the storage case and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case,
During storage, the slide case and the partial widening cutter are stored in the storage case, and earth and sand enter the main body from between the inner peripheral surface of the storage case and the outer peripheral surface of the slide case. Prevent,
At the time of excavation of the partially widened portion, the cutter projecting operation mechanism is extended to cause the partial widening cutter to project and project to a natural ground, and the cutter supporting face plate rotated by the cutter driving mechanism is A shielding machine characterized in that a partially widened portion is excavated by a partial widening cutter, and the excavated earth and sand are discharged into the main body through the chamber and the mud pipe in the slide case.   The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the cutter protruding operation mechanism is a double-action jack erected between the partial widening cutter and the inside of the main body. 3. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a gate for opening and closing the opening is provided in an opening formed on the peripheral surface of the main body and projecting the partial widening cutter. 4. A gate that is formed on the peripheral surface of the main body and that opens and closes at a position immediately before the cutter surface in the retracted state of the partial widening cutter is located inside an opening that projects the partial widening cutter. The shielding machine according to claim 1 or 2 .

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