JPH04237798A - Tunnel excavating machine and movable cut-off wall therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve workability and water stop property by providing flexible jacks on a movable cut-off wall, providing projecting members to engage with the recessed parts on the inner circumference of a tunnel, and preventing retreat of an excavating machine at carrying-in of a ring piece. CONSTITUTION:On a movable cut-off wall 41 in the axial direction in an existing tunnel 1, supporting cylinders 58 to expand and contract with jacks 59 are provided, and projecting members 46 to engage with the recessed parts 3 formed on the inner circumference of the tunnel are provided. Further, a waterproofing elastic sealing member 51 is provided on the circumference of the cut-off wall 41. At carrying a ring piece 2 in from an opening 30, a bulkhead 15 is temporarily supported with the supporting cylinders 58, and retreat of an excavating machine 11 is prevented at removing a propulsion jack 16. Hereby, workability and water stop property can be improved.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavating machine for excavating an underwater tunnel, and a movable water-stop wall for preventing water from entering the tunnel when the tunnel excavating machine excavates an underwater tunnel.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Known tunnel construction methods include the shield method and the sinking method. However, when using the shield method to excavate an underwater tunnel, the tunnel length becomes longer by removing an earth cover that is more than 1.5 times the tunnel diameter, and if this is reduced, the tunnel may float up or the segments may be covered with earth. Problems such as bending stress due to pressure imbalance occur.

[0003] Furthermore, in the submergence method, since the tunnel is extended while being submerged, a large amount of earth and sand must be handled, resulting in the problem of waste disposal sites and seawater pollution.

[0004] Therefore, as an open shield construction method for underwater tunnels, a method has been developed in which tunnels for roads, sewage, and railways are constructed by excavating the very edge of the water bottom, such as the seabed or the bottom of a lake.

[0005] This method uses hollow ring pieces corresponding to the segments of the shield method, and after excavating by the length of one ring piece with a shield excavator, a space is formed using a propulsion jack, and this space is The ring piece on board the ship is carried in through the upper opening of the excavator body, and the ring piece is tightly attached to the existing tunnel and fixed with bolts, etc., and mortar is placed between the adjacent ring pieces to create a tunnel. It is intended to extend the

[0006]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] In such an open shield construction method for an underwater tunnel, in order to prevent water from seeping into the excavator main body and the existing tunnel, it is necessary to A water stop wall is installed. Therefore, within the space formed by each water cutoff wall, a space is formed between the excavator main body (water cutoff wall) and the existing tunnel by a propulsion jack, and a space is created in which the ring piece is carried in from the outside. I'm putting pieces in.

However, the tip of the propulsion jack is in contact with an existing tunnel, that is, a fixed ring piece, and the propulsion jack becomes an obstacle when carrying the ring piece into a predetermined position. Therefore, the propulsion jack must be retracted during the work, and at this time, there is a problem in that the excavator body retreats due to the earth pressure from the cutter side against the excavator body, causing so-called buckling. be.

[0008] Furthermore, the water cutoff wall on the excavator main body side is attached to the main body and moves as the excavator moves forward, but the water cutoff wall on the existing tunnel side is attached to the inner circumference of the existing tunnel, That is, since it is attached to the ring piece, it does not move as the excavator moves forward. In an existing tunnel, in order for workers to connect ring pieces that are in close contact with each other, it is necessary to move this water-stop wall and maintain it at atmospheric pressure.

[0009] Conventionally, the space between each cutoff wall was sealed, and workers manually moved the cutoff wall on the existing tunnel side, which made the work troublesome and took a long time, reducing work efficiency. It was not good.

Furthermore, when the ring piece is carried in, a considerably large water pressure acts on the water stop wall, and if it is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel only by the frictional force of the water stop wall, the ring piece cannot cope with this water pressure. There were times when the area could not be completely covered, and there was a risk of flooding.

The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and aims to provide a tunnel excavator and a movable water-stop wall for the tunnel excavator, which improve the workability of tunnel excavation work. do.

0012

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve the above-mentioned object, a tunnel excavator of the present invention has a cutter in the front part and an opening for carrying a ring piece, which is a constituent material of a tunnel, into the inside of the excavator. A tunnel excavator comprising a machine body, a plurality of propulsion jacks installed at the rear of the excavator body to dig by receiving a reaction force from an existing tunnel, and a water stop wall for preventing water from entering the existing tunnel. The present invention is characterized in that a telescopic jack is provided to prevent the excavator main body from retreating when the ring piece is carried into the excavator main body.

Furthermore, the movable water stop wall for a tunnel excavator of the present invention is provided in a tunnel constructed by carrying a ring piece through an opening formed in the excavator body and connecting the ring piece. The water stop wall for preventing flooding includes a protruding member that can be inserted into and removed from a recess formed in the inner circumference of an existing tunnel, and that receives external pressure acting on the water stop wall when inserted into the recess. It is characterized in that it is provided on the outer periphery of the water-stopping wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the movable water stop wall for a tunnel excavator of the present invention is provided in a tunnel constructed by carrying a ring piece through an opening formed in the excavator body and connecting the ring piece. In the water-stop wall for preventing flooding, a waterproof elastic seal member is provided on the outer periphery of the water-stop wall, which is hollow and pressurized against the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel by being expanded by supplying fluid to the inside. It is characterized by this.

[0015]

[Operation] When the excavator body excavates and a space is formed between the excavator body and the existing tunnel, the ring piece is carried into the excavator body. At this time, the propulsion jack is retracted because it gets in the way of carrying in the ring piece, but the telescopic jack is extended between the excavator main body and the existing tunnel, thereby preventing the excavator main body from retreating.

[0016] Furthermore, the water stop wall is movable, and by inserting the protruding member on the outer periphery into the recess in the inner periphery of the existing tunnel, external pressure acting on the water stop wall can be reliably received.

Further, the water-stopping wall is expanded by supplying fluid to the interior of the hollow waterproof elastic seal member, thereby coming into pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the existing tunnel, thereby reliably preventing water intrusion.

[0018]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a main part of a tunnel excavator and a mobile water stop wall for a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a front view of the water stop wall, and FIG. 3 shows a tunnel excavator and a mobile water cutoff wall. Cross-sections of different parts of the water-stopping wall are shown, FIG. 4 is a cross-section of the waterproof elastic seal member, and FIGS. 5 to 13 are explanations of the operation of the tunnel excavator and the movable water-stopping wall.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the tunnel excavating machine, an excavating machine main body 11 has a cylindrical shape, and a bulk head 12 as a partition wall is attached to the front part. An upper rotary cutter 1 is mounted on the front side of this bulk head 12.
3 and a lower rotary cutter 14 are attached. In addition,
Various combinations, mounting positions, and shapes of the cutters 13 and 14 are possible.

On the other hand, a bulkhead 15 is attached to the rear of the excavator main body 11 as a bulkhead. This bulkhead 15 has a plurality of propulsion jacks 1 in the circumferential direction.
6 is attached facing rearward (right side in Figure 1). Further, this bulk head 15 is provided with an inspection manhole (not shown).

Inside the excavator main body 11 are cutters 13,
A plurality of screw conveyors 17 (one in the drawing) are arranged side by side on the left and right to discharge the earth and sand excavated by the screw conveyors 14.

A sludge pump 18 is attached to the rear of the screw conveyor 17. The base end of a sludge removal pipe 19 is connected to the sludge removal pump 18, and the distal end of the sludge removal pipe 19 extends above the water and is connected to processing equipment such as a ship (not shown). .

A water supply pump 21 is attached to the rear of the screw conveyor 17 via a water supply pipe 20, and a water supply valve 22 is connected in the middle. The water supply pump 21 is connected to the base end of a water supply and drainage pipe 23 whose tip extends underwater, and a water supply valve 24 is connected to the water supply pump 21 in the middle. Further, the water supply pump 21 is connected to a base end portion of a water supply pipe 25 whose tip end extends outside the bulkhead 15, and a water supply valve 26 is connected to the water supply pump 21 in the middle. Further, the water supply pipe 20 and the water supply and drainage pipe 23 are connected by a drain pipe 28 having a drain valve 27 attached therebetween.

Therefore, by switching the water supply valves 24 and 26, the suction position of the water supply pump 21 can be selected between underwater and outside the bulkhead 15. Also,
By switching the water supply valve 22 and the drain valve 27, the discharge position of the water supply pump 21 can be selected between underwater and the rear of the screw conveyor 17.

When excavating with the rotary cutters 13 and 14, the water supply valves 22 and 24 are closed, the water supply valves 26 and the drainage valves 27 are opened, water is sucked in from the water through the water supply and drainage pipes 23, and the screw conveyor 17 is drawn through the water supply pipes 20. Spitting out at the rear of the body. As a result, the excavated soil is turned into a chiller, and the slurry pump 18 transports the soil through a slurry pipe 19 to a treatment facility such as a ship.

The excavator main body 11 is attached so as to fit into the end of the existing tunnel 1. The tunnel 1 is constructed by connecting a plurality of ring pieces 2 with bolts or the like, and has a recess 3 formed in the inner circumference. Mortar is then injected into these recesses to increase strength. Note that this ring piece 2 is integrally formed in a ring shape.

A tail packing 29 is attached to the inner circumference of the rear part of the excavator body 11 so as to be in close contact with the end of the tunnel 1. Further, an opening 30 for carrying in the ring piece 2 is formed at the rear of the excavator main body 11, and can be opened and closed by a gate 32 driven by a gate jack 31.

The tunnel excavator of this embodiment has a movable water stop wall 41 at the rear of the excavator main body 11, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. In this movable water-stop wall 41, the water-stop wall main body 42 is located inside the existing tunnel 1 with a slight gap, and has a lattice-like interior so that it can sufficiently withstand external pressure. A plurality of shoes 43 and 44 can be press-contacted to the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel 1, and can be inserted into and removed from the recess 3 of the tunnel 1, and act on the water-stop wall main body 42 when inserted into the recess 3. It has a plurality of protruding members 45 and 46 as reaction force rigid bodies that receive external pressure.

The shoes 43 and 44 are fixed to the tips of a support tube 47 that is movably supported in directions perpendicular to the water-stopping wall body 42, and can be driven by a jack (not shown). In addition, shoe 43,
The length of 44 is curved to prevent it from entering the recess 3 of the tunnel 1, and has an appropriate length.

The protruding members 45 and 46 are movably supported by a support tube 48 attached to the water-stopping wall main body 42, and can be driven by a jack 49.

Further, a waterproof elastic seal member 51 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the front surface of the water-stopping wall main body 42 . As shown in FIG. 4, a ring-shaped support member 53 is fixed to the water-stop wall main body 42 via a bracket 52. A waterproof elastic seal member 51 which is hollow and has a ring shape as a whole is attached to the outer periphery of the support member 53 by a seal guide 54 .

This elastic seal member 51 and support member 53
An injection hole 55 is formed through the injection hole 55, and the tip of a supply/discharge pipe 56 is connected to the injection hole 55. The base end of the supply/discharge pipe 56 is connected to a supply/discharge device (not shown) for supplying/discharging air, other gases, and liquids such as water and oil.

Therefore, when fluid is supplied to the interior of the elastic seal member 51 by the supply/discharge device and the elastic seal member 51 is expanded, it comes into pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1, thereby preventing water from entering the tunnel 1. can.

[0035] In addition, the water stop wall main body 42 has a structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of upper and lower telescopic jacks are provided to prevent the excavator main body 11 from retreating (buckling) when the ring piece 2 is carried into the excavator main body 11.

That is, a pair of upper and lower outer cylinders 57 are fixed to the center of the water-stopping wall main body 42, and a support cylinder 58 is movably supported by the outer cylinders 57. The support tube 58 can be expanded and contracted by a jack 59, and when expanded, the tip comes into contact with the bulk head 15 to prevent buckling.

Further, a guide outer cylinder 60 extending in the vertical direction is fixed to the rear part of each outer cylinder 57. A supporting cylinder 62 having shoes 61 fixed to the upper and lower sides thereof is movably supported on the guide outer cylinder 60, and the supporting cylinder 62 can be driven by a jack (not shown).

A pitching roll gauge 63 is attached to the outer cylinder 57. This is for adjusting the proper position of the excavator main body 11 when the excavator main body 11 is stopped.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the water-stop wall main body 4
A slide inner cylinder 6 is provided on both sides of the support cylinder 58 provided in the
4 is fixed along the axial direction of the tunnel 1 and toward the rear. An outer cylinder 65 is movably fitted into each inner cylinder 64 and can be driven by a slide jack 66 provided inside the inner cylinder 64.

A guide member 67 having a spherical outer surface is fixed to the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 65.
A guide tube 68 whose inner surface has a similar spherical shape is fitted into the guide tube 68 . A support cylinder 69 is fixed above and below the guide cylinder 68, and a protruding member 7 is attached to the support cylinder 69.
0 is movably supported and can be driven by a jack 71.

The outer cylinder 65 and the support cylinder 69 are connected to the inclined jack 7.
Connected by 2. This is to be able to cope with the situation when the tunnel to be excavated changes from horizontal to inclined. By driving the inclined jack 72, the support cylinder 69 is inclined by the spherical shape of the guide member 67. The protruding member 70 can be inserted into and removed from the recess 3 of the inclined tunnel 1.

Note that the water-stop wall main body 42 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, a communication pipe 73 and a valve 74 are provided to communicate the inside of the existing tunnel 1 with the outside. This vents the air inside the existing tunnel 1, and is normally closed by a valve 74.

The operation of the tunnel excavator of this embodiment described above will be explained below.

In order to excavate with the excavator main body 11, first, as shown in FIG. . This is cutter 1
This is to counter the water pressure of excavation by No. 3 and No. 3 and 14 and reduce the thrust force.

Then, each propulsion jack 16 is extended to drive the cutters 13, 14 and the screw conveyor 17, while the water supply valve 22 and the water supply valve 24 are opened, the water supply valve 26 and the drain valve 27 are closed, and the sludge pump is opened. 18
and drives the water supply pump 21. Then, the water supply and drainage pipe 23
Water is sucked in from the water by the water supply pipe 20 and discharged to the rear of the screw conveyor 17 by the water supply pipe 20. As a result, the excavated soil is turned into a chiller, and is carried out by the mud removal pump 18 via the mud removal pipe 19 to a treatment facility such as a ship.

Excavation ends when the excavator main body 11 excavates slightly wider than the width of one ring piece 2, and as shown in FIG.
As shown, the propulsion jack 16 is extended to its maximum extent. In this state, a new ring piece 2 is connected to the end of the existing tunnel 1.

As shown in FIG. 7, the ring piece 2 is lifted and lowered by an aerial crane such as a ship on water, and the excavator main body 1 is
1 into the interior through the opening 30. At this time, the upper propulsion jack 16 is retracted, and the lower support cylinder 58 is extended by the jack 59 so that its tip abuts against the bulkhead 15.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8, when the ring piece 2 is carried to the middle part inside the excavator main body 11,
The upper propulsion jack 16 is extended and the central support cylinder 58 is retracted.

When the ring piece 2 is carried to the lower part of the excavator main body 11, as shown in FIG. 9, the propulsion jack 16 is retracted, while the central support cylinder 58 is extended.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, when the ring piece 2 is carried to the connection position with the existing tunnel 1, all the propulsion jacks 16 are extended to press the ring piece 2 against the end of the existing tunnel 1. . In this way, the loading of the ring piece 2 is completed, but during this time, not only the propulsion jack 16 but also the support tube 58 is used to move the bulkhead 15
This support prevents buckling during excavation.

[0051] When the assembly of the ring piece 2 is completed,
It is necessary to drain the water in the room formed by the bulk head 15 and the water stop wall 41 in order to confirm the built-in state and move the movable water stop wall 41. Therefore, Figure 11
As shown in FIG.
is opened, the water supply pump 21 is driven, and water is discharged into the water via the drain pipe 25, the drain pipe 28, and the water supply/drain pipe 23.

At this time, the valve 74 of the water stop wall 41 is opened to introduce air from the communication pipe 73. Then, when the water level reaches near the opening of the drain pipe 25, drainage is stopped. In this way, the water is discharged from the room and becomes atmospheric pressure.

After the ring piece 2 has been carried in, the water stop wall 41 is moved forward in order to fix it to the existing tunnel 1. First, in FIG. 11, each protruding member 45, 45 of the water stop wall main body 42 is retracted and removed from the recess 3. Further, the pressure contact between the shoes 43 and 44 on the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1 is released. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the fluid is discharged from the sealing member 51, and the pressure on the inner circumferential surface of the existing tunnel 1 is released, as shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12, it is checked by adjusting the tilting jack 72 whether the protruding member 70 as a reaction force rigid body is sufficiently supported in the recess 3 of the tunnel 1. When the slide jack 66 is driven from this state,
The water stop wall main body 42 moves forward (to the left in FIG. 12) with the outer cylinder 65 fixed to the tunnel 1 side by the protruding member 70 and the shoe 61 as a base point.

The amount of movement of the water stop wall body 42 is the same as that of the ring piece 2.
Each protruding member 45, 45 of the water stop wall main body 42 is inserted into the recess 3 at a predetermined position, and each shoe 4 is
3 and 44 are pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1.

At this time, the vertical and horizontal positions of the excavator main body 11 and the positions of the protruding members 45 and 46 and the shoes 43 and 44 are adjusted based on the output value of the pitching and rolling meter 63.

After the front part of the excavator main body 11 moves forward, the rear part is next moved forward. First, each protruding member 70 as a reaction force rigid body is retracted and removed from the recess 3, and the pressure contact of the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1 by each shoe 61 is released. Then, by driving the slide jack 66, the rear part of the excavator main body 11 moves forward with the front part of the excavator main body 11 as a base point.

This amount of movement is similar to the amount of movement of the front part of the excavator main body 11, and as shown in FIG. 1 Press it against the inner peripheral surface. Furthermore, fluid is supplied to the seal member 51 to press it against the inner circumferential surface of the existing tunnel 1.

In this way, the tunnel extension work is completed.

In the above embodiment, the support tube 58 and the jack 59 for preventing buckling were provided in two stages, upper and lower, but they may be provided symmetrically, and may be provided as appropriate depending on the size of the tunnel to be excavated. It's good.

Furthermore, the mounting positions and numbers of the protruding members 45, 46, 70 and the shoes 43, 44, 61 are not limited.

Further, in the above embodiment, the support tube 58 and the jack 59 as a telescopic jack for preventing buckling were provided on the water stop wall 41 side, but they may be provided on the excavator main body 11 side.

FIG. 14 shows another telescopic jack for the tunnel excavator of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a pair of upper and lower outer cylinders 81 are fixed to the bulkhead 15 of the excavator main body 11, and a support cylinder 82 is movably attached to the outer cylinder 81 and can be expanded and contracted by a jack (not shown). is supported by

Therefore, when the ring piece 2 is carried in, the support tube 82 is extended and the water stop wall main body 4 is
Buckling can be prevented by press-contacting the contact member 83 fixed to 2.

[0065]

Effects of the Invention As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, the tunnel excavator of the present invention is provided with a telescopic jack that prevents the excavator main body from retreating, so that the ring pieces constituting the existing tunnel can be easily removed. By extending the telescopic jack between the excavator main body and the existing tunnel when the excavator main body is carried into the excavator main body, it is possible to prevent the excavator main body from retreating.

Further, according to the movable water stop wall for a tunnel excavator of the present invention, since the protrusion member that can be inserted and removed freely into the recess formed in the inner circumference of an existing tunnel is provided, the water stop wall By being movable and inserting the protruding member into the recess in the inner periphery of the existing tunnel, external pressure acting on this water-stop wall can be reliably received.

Furthermore, since a hollow waterproof elastic seal member is provided on the outer periphery of the water-stopping wall, by supplying fluid inside and expanding it, it comes into pressure contact with the inner periphery of the existing tunnel and prevents water from entering. can be reliably prevented.

As a result, the workability of tunnel excavation work can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a tunnel excavating machine and a movable water stop wall for the tunnel excavating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 2
(A-A sectional view).

FIG. 2 is a front view of a water-stop wall.

3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2, showing cross sections of the tunnel excavator and the movable water stop wall at different parts; FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross section of a waterproof elastic seal member.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the tunnel boring machine.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a main part of another telescopic jack according to the tunnel excavation machine of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Existing tunnel 2 Ring piece 3 Recessed part 11 Excavator body 13 Cutter 14 Cutter 15 Bulghead 16 Propulsion jack 17 Screw conveyor 30 Opening 41　Movable water stop wall 42 Water stop wall body 43,44,61 Shoe 45, 46, 70 Projecting member 51 Waterproof elastic seal member 58, 82 Support tube 59 Jack

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: An excavator main body having a cutter at the front and an opening through which a ring piece, which is a component of the tunnel, is carried inside, and an excavator main body provided at the rear of the excavator main body to absorb reaction force from the existing tunnel. In a tunnel excavator that is equipped with a plurality of propulsion jacks that allow the excavator to move forward and excavate, and a water-stop wall that prevents water from seeping into the existing tunnel, when the ring piece is carried into the excavator main body, A tunnel excavator characterized by being equipped with a telescoping jack to prevent backward movement. 2. A ring piece is carried in through an opening formed in the excavator body, and a water stop wall for preventing water intrusion is installed in a tunnel constructed by connecting the ring piece. A protruding member is provided on the outer periphery of the water stop wall, which can be inserted into and removed from a recess formed on the periphery, and which receives external pressure acting on the water stop wall when inserted into the recess. A mobile water-stop wall for tunnel excavators. 3. In a water-blocking wall for preventing water intrusion provided in a tunnel constructed by carrying a ring piece through an opening formed in an excavator body and connecting the ring piece, the outer periphery of the water-blocking wall is A movable water-stop wall for a tunnel excavator, characterized in that a waterproof elastic seal member is provided which has a hollow shape and is in pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of an existing tunnel when it expands by supplying fluid to the inside. .